• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.157-166
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• 1998

In this study. a traveling control system was developed to transfer a machine without an operator in the working zone. The dimension of the system was modelized to design and construct smaller than that of real configuration of a greenhouse. For this system, the fixed path type was used to detect exact position during operating a manless machine. and the X-Y table actuator type to escape a unique path, which had the disadvantage in a fixed path type environment. Based on the results of this research the following conclusions were made : 1. This system used two screws to move toward horizontal direction, and a Plate to reach at any points in the working zone. 2. The software combined the functions of path selection and motor operation to control into one program. The path selection program was a menu driven program written in Visual Basic, and the motor operation program was written in Borland C++ for actuating motors. 3. The path-select mode of the program was used by selecting the desired paths, and the user path-create mode by selecting a random path in the path-selection program. 4. The system proved to be a reliable system for operating a manless machine, since accuracy and precision to reach the positions were less than 1%.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2017년도 춘계공동학술대회
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• pp.135-135
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• 2017

Greenhouse have been developed to provide the plants with good environmental conditions for cultivation crop, two major factors of which are the inside air temperature and humidity. The inside temperature are influenced by the heating systems, ventilators and for systems among others, which in turn are geverned by some type of controller. Likewise, humidity environment is the result of complex mass exchanges between the inside air and the several elements of the greenhouse and the outside boundaries. Most of the existing models are based on the energy balance method and heat balance equation for modelling the heat and mass fluxes and generating dynamic elements. However, greenhouse are classified as complex system, and need to make a sophisticated modeling. Furthermore, there is a difficulty in using classical control methods for complex process system due to the process are non linear and multi-output(MIMO) systems. In order to predict the time evolution of conditions in certain greenhouse as a function, we present here to use of recurrent neural networks(RNN) which has been used to implement the direct dynamics of the inside temperature and inside humidity of greenhouse. For the training, we used algorithm of a backpropagation Through Time (BPTT). Because the environmental parameters are shared by all time steps in the network, the gradient at each output depends not only on the calculations of the current time step, but also the previous time steps. The training data was emulated to 13 input variables during March 1 to 7, and the model was tested with database file of March 8. The RMSE of results of the temperature modeling was $0.976^{\circ}C$, and the RMSE of humidity simulation was 4.11%, which will be given to prove the performance of RNN in prediction of the greenhouse environment.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2009

The water purification systems have been hardly used for agricultural purpose due to their complicated compositions and high costs for farmers, while only simple filtrations have been applied to irrigation systems in order to prevent the system from clogging problems. This study therefore developed a clean water supplying system, the Filter-Disinfection-Adsorption (FDA) system, especially for greenhouse cultivation of where low quality of water is available. This system has also been produced for providing convenience water to farmers in the areas of no water supply service systems for the purpose of washing their bodies or agricultural machineries after farm work. The FDA system consists of three stages of purification processes with an integral module, including disk and teflon filtrations and Ultraviolet (UV) sterilization processes. Indoor experiments were undertaken with a trial product of the FDA system to test its performance. The operation test of the process was performed as well as the condition check of each item including UV module, filters, control panel, pump, valves, etc. The results shows good performance of each test with no critical problems. The initial and maintenance costs were also analysed with other purification systems. From the comparisons, the FDA system found to be very economical and easy to use.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2017년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.603-604
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• 2017

본 논문은 농작물의 생육환경에 있어 날씨와 기온 등 농작물 재배에 최적의 환경에 적합한 비닐하우스 자동 제어 시스템을 제안한다. 제안 시스템은 일광, 개폐, 온습도, 차폐와 비닐하우스 내 외부의 기온차를 이용한 계절별(동절기, 하절기) 수막 가동 및 개폐 자동제어 기능 및 원격 모니터링 기능을 구현한다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2017년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.539-540
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 센서를 이용하여 비닐하우스의 정보 데이터를 수집하고 비닐하우스 내부를 실시간으로 확인 할 수 있는 스마트 팜 자동 제어 시스템을 제안한다. 제안 시스템은 비닐하우스의 모니터링을 PC와 핸드폰에서 가능하도록 하였으며 비닐하우스의 센서 데이터를 주기적으로 수집하여 데이터에 이상 변화 이벤트가 감지가 될 경우 모니터링부로 알림 서비스를 제공한다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.287-295
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• 2012

Purpose: Some of the most representative approaches are to apply next generation technologies to save energy consumption, fully automated control system to appropriately maintain environmental conditions, and autonomous assistance system to reduce labor load and ensure operator's safety. Nevertheless, improvement of upcoming method for soil cultured greenhouse has not been sufficiently achieved. Geometrical complexity of ground in protected crop cultivation might be one of the most dominant factors in design of autonomous vehicle. While there is a practical solution fairly enough to promise an accurate travelling, such as autonomous sprayer guided by rail or induction coil, for various reasons including the limitation of producer's budget, the previously developed sprayer has not been widely distributed to market. Methods: In this study, we developed an autonomous sprayer considering travelling performance on geometrical complexity of ground in soil cultured greenhouse. To maintain a stable travelling and to acquire a real time feedback, common wire with 80 mm thick and body frame and sprayer boom. To evaluate performance of the prototype, tracking performance, climbing performance and spraying boom's uniform leveling performance were individually evaluated by corresponding experimental tests. Results: The autonomous guidance system was proved to be sufficiently suitable for accurate linear traveling with RMS as lower than approximately 10 cm from designated path. Also the prototype could climb $10^{\circ}$ of ground's slope angle with 40 kg of water weight. Uniform leveling of spraying boom was successfully performed within $0.5^{\circ}$ of sprayer boom's slope. Conclusions: Considering more complex pathways and coarse ground conditions, evaluations and improvements of the prototype should be performed for promising reliability to commercialization.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.270-278
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• 2021

BACKGROUND: Horticultural plant growth under field and/or greenhouse conditions is affected by the climate changes (e.g., temperature, humidity, and rainfall). Therefore investigation of hydroponics on field horticultural crops is necessary for year-round production of the plants regardless of external environment changes under plant factory system with artificial light sources. METHODS AND RESULTS: Common sage (Salvia plebeia), nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus), and hooker chive (Allium hookeri) plants were hydroponically culturing in the plant factory with blue-red-white LEDs (Light-Emitting Diodes) and fluorescent lights (FLs). Leaf numbers of common sage under mixture LED and FL treatments were 134% and 98% greater, respectively than those in the greenhouse condition. In hooker chives, unfolded leaf numbers were 35% greater under the artificial lights and leaf elongation was inhibited by the conventional sunlight compared to the artificial light treatments. Absorption pattern of NO₃-N composition in hydroponic solution was not affected by the different light qualities. CONCLUSION(S): Plant factory system with different light qualities could be applied for fresh-leaf production of common sage, nasturtium, and hooker chive plants culturing under field and/or greenhouse. Controlled light qualities in the system resulted in significantly higher hydroponic growth of the plants comparing to conventional greenhouse condition in present.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.48-54
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• 1997

하절기 고온으로 인한 작물의 열악한 생육 환경개선을 위하여 미포그노즐을 이용하여 패트온실에서 증발 냉각 시험을 수행하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 미포그노즐의 분무특성을 말븐입자분석기로 분석한 결과 분무압 70kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$에서 분무입자의 크기는 평균 27$\mu\textrm{m}$로 나타났고, 이때의 분무량은 분당 100$m\ell$였다. 또한 평균 분무 입자의 크기가 27$\mu\textrm{m}$인 경우에 분무낙하량을 조사한 결과 낙하거리 150cm에서 총분무량의 88%가 공중에 부유하는 것으로 나타났다. 냉방시스템의 주요 구성 부분은 고압노즐, 양수펌프, 필터 및 미포그노즐 32개로 이루어졌고, 1분 분무-1분 환기로 이루어진 연속 분무 시험 결과 외기온 3$0^{\circ}C$의 조건에서 온실내 기온을 4$0^{\circ}C$에서 32$^{\circ}C$로 강하시킬 수 있었다 또한 분무시험시 측정한 온실내의 온습도 값을 psychrometric equation에 대입하여 온실내의 수분변화량을 분석할 수 있었으며, 이와 같은 분석을 통하여 온도강하정도와 온실내 공기의 절대습도비 변화량을 예측할 수 있는 실험식을 정립할 수 있었다. 이 실험식을 이용하여 우리 나라 표준형 온실 1-2W, 3-2G-3S에서 실내온도를 4$0^{\circ}C$에서 3$0^{\circ}C$로 강제 냉각시킬 때 필요한 분무수량을 분석한 결과 분무입자 27$\mu\textrm{m}$에서의 분무수량은 각각 80.7, 99.9$\ell$였으며, 포그시스템에 필요한 노즐의 수는 분당분무량 100$m\ell$의 경우 3분 분무기준으로 각각 270, 333개가 소요될 것으로 계산되었다. 앞으로 포그시스템을 활성화하기 위해서는 온실의 기상조건에 따른 증발율과 분무입자에 대한 심층적 연구가 요망된다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2023

수소는 다양한 신재생에너지 중 환경친화적인 에너지로 각광받고 있지만 농업에 적용된 사례는 드물다. 본 연구는 수소연료전지 삼중 열병합 시스템을 온실에 적용하여 에너지를 절약하고 온실가스를 줄이고자 한다. 이 시스템은 배출된 열을 회수하면서 수소로부터 난방, 냉각 및 전기를 생산할 수 있다. 수소 연료 전지 삼중 열 병합 시스템을 온실에 적용하기 위해서는 온실의 냉난방 부하 분석이 필요하다. 이를 위해서는 온실의 형태, 냉난방 시스템, 작물 등을 고려해야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 건물 에너지 시뮬레이션(BES)을 활용하여 냉난방 부하를 추정하고자 한다. 전주지역의 토마토를 재배하는 반밀폐형 온실을 대상으로 2012년부터 2021년까지의 기상데이터를 수집하여 분석했다. 온실 설계도를 참고하여 피복재와 골조를 모델화하여 작물 에너지와 토양 에너지 교환을 실시했다. 건물 에너지 시뮬레이션의 유효성을 검증하기 위해 작물의 유무에 의한 분석, 정적 에너지 및 동적 에너지 분석을 실시했다. 또한 월별 최대 냉난방 부하 분석에 의해 평균 최대 난방 용량 449,578kJ·h^-1, 냉방 용량 431,187kJ·h^-1이 산정되었다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2001

저온기 참외 시설재배시 시설내 공기흐름의 촉진이 발효과 발생 경감에 미치는 효과를 구명하기 위하여 하우스에 공기순환 및 환기팬을 설치하여 착과 5일 후인 4월 6일부터 6월 29일까지 비 오는 날을 제외한 모든 날의 09시 30분부터 15분간 처리 후 15분간은 정지시키는 방법으로 17시까지 가동하여 관행(권취식환기)과 비교 시험한 결과 작물체 부위의 풍속은 무처리는 0.06~0.08m.s$^{-1}$, 환기팬은 0.24~0.32m.s$^{-1}$, 공기 순환기는 0.60~0.72m.s$^{-1}$였다. 무처리에 비하여 공기순환 처리에서 엽장, 엽폭 등 생육은 처리간 차리가 없었으나 일비액량은 공기순환처리에서 월등히 증가하였다. 무처리에 비하여 공기순환 처리에서 발효과율이 유의하게 감소하였으나 환기팬처리와는 큰 차이가 없었다.