• Title/Summary/Keyword: Greenhouse Gases(GHGs)

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A Study on the Calculation Method about Emissions of Greenhouse Gases of Nonferrous-metal Industry Part in Domestic Nonferrous-metal Industry (국내 비철금속 산업부문 온실가스 발생량 산정 방법에 관연 연구)

  • Chung, Jin-Do;Han, Jong-Min;Kim, Jang-Woo
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.197-203
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    • 2009
  • The aim of this study is to calculate process emission of GHGs(greenhouse gases) in nonferrous-metal industry, such as Zn, Pb, Cu and Ni. In addition, variation and emission of GHGs generated from these company were defined. And then, GHGs algorithm and calculation formular which were considered as production process in each part of nonferrous-metal industry were developed to develop calculation program of GHGs emission. These algorithm and calculation formular would present fundamental direction about other nonferrous-metal industry in the future.

The Analysis of Regional Economic Feasibility of GHGs Reduction Technology in the Paddy Rice (논 물관리 방식에 따른 온실가스 감축기술의 지역별 경제성 분석)

  • Lee, Sang-Ho;Park, Woo-Kyun
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.455-467
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    • 2015
  • This study analyzed the regional economic feasibility of greenhouse gases (GHGs) reduction technology in paddy rice. Firstly, the impact of GHGs reduction technology on productivity, emission reduction, and costs is different from region to region. Secondly, the water irrigation system contributes to productivity, GHGs reduction, and water reduction, but the profit of paddy rice will decrease because of increase in fixed costs and variable costs. Thirdly, the economic feasibility shows that water-savings plot has a 1.41 in a benefit-cost ratio.

An Estimation of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) Emissions from Energy Sector in Changwon City and Scenario Analysis Based on the Application of Carbon Neutral by 2050 in Korea (2050 탄소중립 시나리오를 적용한 창원시 에너지부문 온실가스 배출산정 및 시나리오 분석 )

  • Ha-Neul Kim;Jae-Hyung Jung
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.32 no.6
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    • pp.419-428
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    • 2023
  • This study estimates the greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions from energy sector of Changwon city from 2012 to 2020 and scenario analysis of GHGs reductions pathways in the context of the goal of 2030 NDC and 2050 carbon neutral scenario in Korea. As a result, the GHG emissions as a reference year of carbon neutral in 2018 were estimated as 8,872,641 tonCO2eq accounting for 3,851,786 tonCO2eq (43.6%) of direct source (scope 1) and 4,975,855 tonCO2eq (56.4%) of indirect source (scope 2). Especially, among indirect sources as purchased electricity, manufacturing sector emitted the largest GHG accounting for 33.0%(2,915 thousands tonCO2eq) of the total emissions from all energy sectors, scenario analysis of GHG reductions potential from the energy was analyzed 8,473,614 tonCO2eq and the residual emissions were 354,027 tonCO2eq. Purchased electricity and industry sector reducted the largest GHG accounting for 58.7%(4,976 thousands tonCO2eq) and 42.1%(3,565 thousands tonCO2eq) of the total emissions from all energy sectors, respectively.

A study on the UI design and program development for integrated management of carbon data in city (도시 탄소데이터 통합관리를 위한 프로그램 설계 방안 및 UI 연구)

  • Park, Jun-Hyoung;Kim, Seong-Sik;Kim, Jong-Woo;Choi, Guei-Tai
    • Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.108-117
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    • 2013
  • Studies on the regulation and measurement of greenhouse gases(GHGs) emissions have been carrying out for global wanning. In order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, many countries have been promoting the Emissions Trading System and projects of the Joint Implementation(JI) and Clean Development Mechanism(CDM). These country's GHG emissions have been measured calculation criteria based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) Guidelines. In order to respond to GHGs regulation, in each country, it is planing to build a Low-Carbon City. The system has been developed for calculating GHGs emissions from companies and institutions in their respective countries. However, the system can monitor the GHGs per city, has not been developed. In this paper, it is studied to design the User Interface and to develop integrated monitoring program for Low-carbon city. This program will make possible monitoring and management, statistics, and reports written by using each data in units of cities.

Estimation of National Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Agricultural Sector from 1990 to 2013 - Focusing on the Crop Cultivation - (1990년부터 2013년까지 농업 분야 국가 온실가스 배출량 평가 - 경종부문 중심으로 -)

  • Choi, Eun Jung;Jeong, Hyun Cheol;Kim, Gun Yeob;Lee, Sun-il;Lee, Jong Sik
    • Journal of Climate Change Research
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.443-450
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    • 2016
  • The major greenhouse gases (GHGs) in agricultural sector are methane ($CH_4$), nitrous oxide ($N_2O$), carbon dioxide ($CO_2$). GHGs emissions are estimated by pertinent source category in a guideline book from Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) such as methane from rice paddy, nitrous oxide from agricultural soil and crop residue burning. The methods for estimation GHGs emissions in agricultural sector are based on 1996 and 2006 IPCC guideline, 2000 and 2003 Good Practice Guidance. In general, GHG emissions were calculated by multiplying the activity data by emission factor. The total GHGs emission is $10,863Gg\;CO_2-eq$. from crop cultivation in agricultural sector in 2013. The emission is divided by the ratio of greenhouse gases that methane and nitrous oxide are 64% and 34%, respectively. Each gas emission according to the source categories is $7,000Gg\;CO_2-eq$. from rice paddy field, $3,897Gg\;CO_2-eq$. from agricultural soil, and $21Gg\;CO_2-eq$. from field burning, respectively. The GHGs emission in agricultural sector had been gradually decreased from 1990 to 2013 because of the reduction of cultivation. In order to compare with indirect emissions from agricultural soil, each emission was calculated using IPCC default factors (D) and country specific emission factors (CS). Nitrous oxide emission by CS applied in indirect emission, as nitrogen leaching and run off, was lower about 50% than that by D.

An Integrated Emission Model of Greenhouse Gases to Assess Regional Climate Change

  • Moon, Yun-Seob;Oh, Sung-Nam;Hyun, Myung-Suk
    • Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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    • 2003.05b
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    • pp.421-422
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    • 2003
  • Greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as carbon dioxide ($CO_2$), methane (CH$_4$), nitrous oxide ($N_2$O), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), sulphur hexafluoride (SF$_{6}$), together with water vapour ($H_2O$) and ozone play an important role in determining the earth's climate. The primary cause of the enhancement of GHGs is the global use of fossil fuels to generate heat, power, and electricity for a growing world population, as well as the changes in the land use, especially for agriculture. In addition, biomass buring and biofuel emissions play major roles in the GHG emissions in the Asian region because they produce large amounts of carbon monoxide (CO), nonmethane volatile organic compounds(NMVOC), black carbon(BC) and other gases. (omitted)d)

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Greenhouse gases emission from aerobic methanotrophic denitrification (AeOM-D) in sequencing batch reactor

  • Lee, Kwanhyoung;Choi, Oh Kyung;Lee, Jae Woo
    • Membrane and Water Treatment
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.171-184
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    • 2017
  • This study presents the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the characteristics of emission of three major greenhouse gases (GHGs) including $CH_4$, $CO_2$ and $N_2O$ during operation of a sequencing batch reactor for aerobic oxidation of methane with denitrification (AeOM-D SBR). Dissolved $N_2O$ concentration increased, leveled-off and slightly decreased as the HRT increased from 0.25 to 1d. Concentration of the dissolved $N_2O$ was higher at the shorter HRT, which was highly associated with the lowered C/N ratio. A longer HRT resulted in a higher C/N ratio with a sufficient carbon source produced by methanotrophs via methane oxidation, which provided a favorable condition for reducing $N_2O$ formation. With a less formation of the dissolved $N_2O$, $N_2O$ emission rate was lower at a longer HRT condition due to the lower C/N ratio. Opposite to the $N_2O$ emission, emission rates of $CH_4$ and $CO_2$ were higher at a longer HRT. Longer HRT resulted in the greater total GHGs emission as $CO_2$ equivalent which was doubled when the HRT increased from 0.5d to 1.0 d. Contribution of $CH_4$ onto the total GHGs emission was most dominant accounting for 98 - 99% compared to that of $N_2O$ (< 2%).

Evaluation of Green House Gases (GHGs) Reduction Plan in Combination with Air Pollutants Reduction in Busan Metropolitan City in Korea

  • Cheong, Jang-Pyo;Kim, Chul-Han;Chang, Jae-Soo
    • Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.5 no.4
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    • pp.228-236
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    • 2011
  • Since most Green House Gases (GHGs) and air pollutants are generated from the same sources, it will be cost-effective to develop a GHGs reduction plan in combination with simultaneous removal of air pollutants. However, effects on air pollutants reduction according to implementing any GHG abatement plans have been rarely studied. Reflecting simultaneous removal of air pollutants along with the GHGs emission reduction, this study investigated relative cost effectiveness among GHGs reduction action plans in Busan Metropolitan City. We employed the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), a methodology that evaluates relative efficiency of decision-making units (DMUs) producing multiple outputs with multiple inputs, for the investigation. Assigning each GHGs reduction action plan to a DMU, implementation cost of each GHGs reduction action plan to an input, and reduction potential of GHGs and air pollutants by each GHGs reduction action plan to an output, we calculated efficiency scores for each GHGs reduction action plan. When the simultaneous removal of air pollutants with the GHGs reduction were considered, green house supply-insulation improvement and intelligent transportation system (ITS) projects had high efficiency scores for cost-positive action plans. For cost-negative action plans, green start network formation and running, and daily car use control program had high efficiency scores. When only the GHGs reduction was considered, project priority orders based on efficiency scores were somewhat different from those when both the removal of air pollutants and GHGs reduction were considered at the same time. The expected action plan priority difference is attributed to great difference of air pollutants reduction potential according to types of energy sources to be reduced.

Emissions of Air Pollutants and Greenhouse Gases from Aircraft Activities at the Gimhae International Airport (김해공항에서 항공기에 의한 대기오염물질과 온실가스의 배출량 산정 및 특성 분석)

  • Song, Sang-Keun;Shon, Zang-Ho
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.190-202
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    • 2012
  • Emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases (GHGs) by aircraft at the Gimhae International Airport (GIA) were investigated using the Emissions and Dispersion Modeling System (EDMS) version 5.1.3. The number of Landing and Take-Off (LTO) at the GIA for aircraft B737 was dominant, accounting for more than 60% of the total LTOs. For air pollutant emissions, CO was the most dominant pollutant by aircraft, followed by $NO_x$, VOCs, $SO_x$, etc. The emissions of CO, $NO_x$, and VOCs in 2009 (and 2010) at the GIA were 974 (968), 447 (433), 118 (122) ton/yr, respectively. The emissions of GHGs such as $CO_2$, $CH_4$, and $N_2O$ in 2009 (and 2010) were 110,795 (111,114), -0.157 (-0.151), and 1,989 (1,998) ton/yr, respectively. The negative number in $CH_4$ emission represents the consumption of atmospheric $CH_4$ in the engine. In addition, the emissions of most air pollutants (except for $PM_{10}$) and GHGs were estimated to be high in Taxi-Out and Climb-Out modes.

Emissions of Air Pollutants and Greenhouse Gases from Aircraft Activities at the Small Scale Airports (국내 일반공항에서 항공기에 의한 대기오염물질과 온실가스의 배출량 산정 및 특성 분석)

  • Shon, Zang-Ho;Song, Sang-Keun;Yoon, Tae-Kyung;Lee, Gang-Choon
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.22 no.7
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    • pp.823-836
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    • 2013
  • Emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases (GHGs) from aircraft activities at 11 small-scale airports were investigated using the emissions and dispersion modeling system (EDMS) version 5.1.3 during the two year period of 2009~2010. The number of landing and take-off (LTO) at these airports was dominant for the aircraft type B737, accounting for more than 60% of the total LTOs. Out of the 11 small-scale airports, Gwangju (GJ, RKJJ) airport was the largest emitter of air pollutants and GHGs, whereas Yangyang (YY, RKNY) airport was the smallest emitter. The emissions of $NO_x$ and VOCs in 2010 at the 11 airports ranged from 1.9 to 83 ton/y and 0.1 to 17 ton/y, respectively. In 2010, the emissions of $CO_2$ ranged from 394 to 21,217 ton/y. The emissions of most air pollutants (except for $NO_x$ and $PM_{10}$) and GHGs were estimated to be the highest in taxi-out mode. The highest emissions of $NO_x$ and $PM_{10}$ were emitted from climb-out and approach modes, respectively. In addition, the total LTOs at the 11 small-scale airports accounted for the range of 9.3~9.9% of those at four major international airports in Korea. The total emissions of air pollutants and GHGs at the 11 airports ranged from 4.8 to 12% of those at the four major airports.