• Title/Summary/Keyword: Green Corporation

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Assessing the Impact of Advanced Technologies on Utilization Improvement of Substations

  • Han, Dong;Yan, Zheng;Zhang, Dao-Tian;Song, Yi-Qun
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • v.10 no.5
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    • pp.1921-1929
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    • 2015
  • The smart substation is the heart of a transmission system, which is particularly emphasized as the most significant composition of smart grids in China. In order to assess the functionality performance of substation technologies, this paper presents methods used to identify the most promising solutions for smart substation design and to evaluate the technical levels of available technologies. The multi-index optimization model is presented to address the issue of smart substation planning. A mathematical model of the planning decision problem is established with multiple objectives consisting of economic, reliability, and green key indices, and many kinds of concerns including physical and environmentally friendly operations are formulated as a set of constraints. With respect to the assessment of the technical level regarding integration of advanced technologies into a substation, a modified grey whitenization weight function is adopted to structure a novel grey clustering method. The proposed grey clustering approach is used to overcome the difficulty of insufficient quantitative assessment capacity for traditional methods. The evaluation of technical effects provides the classification definition for the development phase and the maturity level of the smart substation. The effectiveness of the proposed approaches in planning decision-making and evaluation of construction efforts is demonstrated with case studies involving the actual smart substation projects of Wenchongkou substation in China Southern Power Grid (CSG) and Mengzi substation in State Grid Corporation of China (SGCC).

Basic Study of the Improvement of Maintenance Process for Efficient Highway Pavement Management (효율적인 고속도로 포장유지관리를 위한 유지관리프로세스 개선방안 기초연구)

  • Park, Jong-Beom;Lee, Yong-Jun;Lee, Min-Jae
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.15 no.11
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    • pp.6932-6942
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    • 2014
  • The expressway is a key area of road networks for national industry, economics and social development. In addition, the number of lines are increasing continuously. Recently, road management policy have shown a paradigm shift to safe road, low-carbon and green etc. Nevertheless, the road condition has deteriorated dramatically by fatigue cracking, thermal cracking and weather impact. On the other hand, the budgets for highway maintenance have shrunk dramatically. In this study, an effective pavement management and maintenance process was developed to extend the pavement serviceability and pavement life to overcome the rack of budgets.

The optimization of ELISA for methamphetamine determination : the effect of immunogen, tracer and antibody purification method on the sensitivity

  • Choi, Jeongeun;Choi, Myung-Ja;Kim, Choonmi;Cho, Young-Shik;Chin, Jaeho;Jo, Young-Ah
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.46-52
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    • 1997
  • To obtain more sensitive immunoassay for methamphetamine (MA) determination, the optimum condition of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was investigated in regard to immunogens, antibody purification methods and coating tracers. Activated MA, N-(4-aminobutyl)methamphetamine (4-ABMA), was conjugated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) or keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and used as immunogen. The antibodies were purified by protein G chromatography or various immunoaffinity chromatography-linked MA-protein ligands, such as MA-BSA, MA-KLH or MA-ovalbumin (OVA). Each purified antibody was characterized by means of sensitivity and cross-reactivity using the three MA-protein coating tracers, MA-BSA, MA-KLH and MA-OVA. The best sensitivity of each antibody was acquired with the MA-OVA tracer although the tracer concentration and the antibody titer level at optimum condition were varied. The antibody with high titer level did not always yield good sensitivity. At optimum condition, immunoaffinity chromatography-purified antibodies were better for sensitivity and for specificity than protein G-purified antibodies. The cross-reactivity of the purified antibodies seemed to be affected by immunogen structure and showed somewhat different patterns according to the immunoaffinity ligand utilized. These data show that the antibody purification method as well as choice of coating tracer and immunogen is essential for the sensitivity and specificity of EIA; the optimum condition for assay should be discovered using various methods and combinations.

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Study on the reorganization of the legal system for an integrated forestry business

  • Park, Chang-Won;Lee, Bo-Hwi;Joung, Da-Wou;Park, Bum-Jin;Lee, Joon-Woo;Kim, Se-Bin;Koo, Seung-Mo
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.46 no.4
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    • pp.755-768
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    • 2019
  • The forestry development policies and projects in Korea have been implemented under various related acts. These acts include the Framework Act on the National Land and Framework Act on Forestry enacted by each administration. However, there are some limitations to encourage a variety of mountain villages and forestry development policies due to duplication and overlap between the relevant acts. Nowadays, the fields of local development have evolved and become integrated not only by infrastructures but also in various fields such as multi-functional industries including tourism, green care, cultural welfare, etc. Therefore, the current legal system may not effectively accept and support various mountain village development policies and projects. This study tried to determine the necessity of reorganizing th-e related legal system through a field survey of planners, residents and analysts regarding the correlation between legal systems and projects. For these reasons, this study tried to determine the problems of the current legal system and then, suggested alternative methods related to the legal system for integrated rural development. The scope of the study is as follows: 1) correlation analysis between relevant laws and development projects and 2) field survey to determine the legitimacy and validity for the reorganization of the legal system.

An Analysis of the Elderly Care and Management in Hospital-Based Home Care Agencies (노인대상 의료기관 가정간호사업의 운영실태)

  • Song, Chong-Rye;Kang, Im-Ok;Kim, Yun-Ok;Jo, Hea-Sook;Hwang, Moon-Sook
    • Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.660-672
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: To analyze the home care services provided to the elderly aged 65 and older by a hospital-based home care agencies and to investigate the effects of long-term care insurance for the elderly. Method: The subjects were the home care service recipients aged 65 and older in 172 hospital-based, home care agencies registered in Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service in January, 2007. The data were collected using a questionnaire from March 16 to April 15, 2007. The questionnaire return rate was 43.8%. Result: The hospital-based home care agencies were able to visit 66.5% of the national administrative districts. Of the home care service recipients, over 50% were 65 years old and older. About 43% of the agencies reported that over 50% of their patients would be subject to the long-term care insurance. They expressed concern that home care services would be withdrawn once the insurance system is initiated. Conclusion: This study suggests that hospital-based home care agencies need to manage home care services with long-term care insurance. It also recommends developing guidelines for the use of services and referrals.

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A Study of Kinetics and Adsorption Characteristics for Removal of Arsenate by Using Coal Mine Drainage Sludge in Aqueous Phase (석탄광산배수슬러지를 이용한 액상상태의 비소제거 흡착특성 및 반응속도에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Se-Ban;Cui, Ming-Can;Jang, Min;Moon, Deok-Hyun;Cho, Yun-Chul;Khim, Jee-Hyeong
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.241-249
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    • 2011
  • In this research, equilibrium of adsorption and kinetics of As(V) removal were investigated. The coal mine drainage sludge(CMDS) was used as adsorbent. To find out the physical and chemical properties of CMDS, XRD (X-ray diffraction), XRF (X-ray fluorescence spectrometer) analysis were carried out. The CMDS was consist of 70% of goethite and 30% of calcite. From the results, an adsorption mechanism of As(V) with CMDS was dominated by iron oxides. Langmuir adsorption isotherm model was fitted well more than Freundlich isotherm adsorption model. Adsorption capacities of CMDS 1 was not different with CMDS 2 on aspect of amounts of arsenic adsorbed. The maximum adsorption amount of two CMDS were respectively 40.816, 39.682 mg/g. However, the kinetic of two CMDS was different. The kinetic was followed pseudo second order model than pseudo first order model. Concentrations of arsenic in all segments of the polymer in CMDS 2 does not have a constant value, but the rate was greater than the value of CMDS 1. Therefore, CMDS 2, which is containing polymer, is more effective for adsorbent to remove As(V).

Effect of Temperature on Water Quality Improvement of Natural Plant-Mineral Composites (PMC) in a Eutrophic Lake, Lake Shingal, Korea (부영양 신갈지에서 천연물질 혼합제(PMC)의 수질개선능: 현장수온의 영향)

  • Byun, Jung-Hwan;Hwang, Su-Ok;Mun, Sun-Ki;Hwang, Soon-Jin;Kim, Baik-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.46 no.2
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    • pp.225-233
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    • 2013
  • We examined the effect of different field temperatures on water quality improvement (WQI) of natural domestic plant-mineral composites (PMCs). This method was previously used by Kim et al. (2011), to monitor the restoration of water quality of a eutrophic lake, Lake Shingal (Korea). Results indicate that PMCs on phytoplankton, BOD and phosphorus showed more than 70% WQI below $20^{\circ}C$, and less than 40% WQI over $25^{\circ}C$, respectively. The WQIs of PMCs on blue-green algae were gradually decreased with the increase of temperature, whilst diatoms exhibited more than 90% higher WQIs, regardless of water temperature. Additionally, the WQIs on bacterial biomass and total nitrogen were low at all temperatures. These results collectively indicate that water quality improvement activity of plant-mineral composites was dependent on the water temperature, and that the field application of above chemical during temperatures over $25^{\circ}C$, would be less effective in treating a cyanobacteria bloom dominated by Microcystis aeruginosa, than by diatoms.

Hydrochemical Characteristics of Groundwater in an Area Affected by Pig Carcass Burial: Leakage Detection (돼지사체 매몰지역 지하수의 수지구화학 특성: 침출수 누출 판단)

  • Oh, Junseop;Kim, Ho-rim;Lee, Jeong-Ho;Kim, Kyoung-ho;Choi, Kwang-jun;Kim, Hyeon-Koo;Yun, Seong-Taek
    • Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.30-40
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    • 2018
  • To evaluate potential impacts of shallow groundwater by the leachate from buried carcass, we investigated hydrochemical characteristics of both leachate and shallow groundwater from monitoring wells and surrounding shallow groundwater wells in an area potentially affected by pig carcass burial. The hydrochemical survey was conducted before and after the relocation of a burial pit. The leachate samples and the groundwater affected by leachate showed the hydrochemistry of $Ca-HCO_3$ type with high $NH_4{^+}$ concentrations, while unaffected groundwater was mostly the $Ca(Na)-Cl+NO_3$ type due to pervasive impacts from agrochemicals. The results of factor analysis on hydrochemical data showed the followings: 1) contamination of groundwater from agro-livestock farming and livestock burial are coexisting in the study area, 2) among ionic species, $HCO_3{^-}$, $NH_4{^+}$, $NO_3{^-}$ and Mn are very useful to differentiate the groundwater contamination from leachate, and 3) groundwater contamination by leachate has been recognized around the monitoring wells even after the relocation of a burial pit, likely due to residual contaminants in surrounding soils. Therefore, it is suggested that continued monitoring of groundwater contamination should be conducted after the relocation of carcass burial pits.

Landscape Design for the Song-Do Apartment Complex Development (인천 송도4공구 공동주택 외부공간 조성계획)

  • Kim Do-Kyong;Ahn Se-Hyon;Joo Shin-Ha
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.32 no.5
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    • pp.119-128
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    • 2004
  • In 2004, the Incheon Urban Development Corporation held a design competition for the Song-Do apartment complex development. Several projects that won the prize in the recent design competitions were reviewed to look around the current design tendency, and current conditions of the site were surveyed. The authors tried to combine digital and environment-friendly factors, considering the site condition. Because the site is on reclaimed land and is located at the center of the information-technology industrial area, these two factors inform the main concept of this project. The site was divided into two different zones : the Ocean Zone and the Digital Zone. The 'community spaces'(community street, community plaza and so on) were designed for the various activities of the residents. The Patios, 'private' community spaces, included many facilities for play, appreciation, rest, exercise, refreshment and gathering. To avoid common landscape styles in the patios, simple and minimal forms were designed. The environmental sculptures were carefully planned, allocated and shaped with digital technology, based on the 'Present and Future of Song-Do'. The authors also tried to introduce environment-friendly factors, such as the green roof system, wall planting, and the water recycling system. This project is following the M.A. (Master Architect) process, and is still being modified to make the hi-tech and environment-friendly apartment complex.

Characteristics of Seepage Water and Groundwater in Incheon Coastal LPG Storage Cavern (인천 해안 저장공동 유출수 및 주변 지하수의 수질특성)

  • Jo, Yun-Ju;Lee, Jin-Yong;Choi, Mi-Jung;Cho, Byung-Wook
    • The Journal of Engineering Geology
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2010
  • The objective of this study was to examine the hydrogeochemical and microbiological characteristics for stable maintenance of coastal LPG storage cavern. Cavern seepage water and groundwater in the vicinity of the LPG storage cavern were sampled and analyzed (February, May, August and October 2007). Groundwater samples of propane cavern showed high pHs of 8.1~12.4 due to dissolution of cement grouting materials that had been applied during the well and cavern construction. The EC values showed distinctive seasonal variation. The negative ORP indicated reduced condition. The seepage and surrounding groundwater are classified as Na-Cl type, which represents seawater effects. All of aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, slime forming bacteria and sulfate reducing bacteria were less than 500 CFU/mL, which indicated that there was no abrupt increase of bacteria in the cavern. Therefore there exist no hydrochemical symptoms to indicate unstable conditions of the cavern operation. However, regular and continuous monitoring is essentially required.