• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1235-1238
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• 2004

Thresholding has been used to reduce the number of gray values in images. Typically, a single threshold value has been used, resulting in two gray level images. Image reduction of one single threshold value, however, may lose too much of the high-frequency edge information. Thus, dynamic thresholding that uses a different threshold for each pixel is preferred instead of using a single threshold value. Dynamic thresholding can preserve high frequency details as well as reduce the size of images. Since it takes long time to perform existing software dynamic thresholding in an embedded system, this paper proposes and implements a circuit by using a FPGA in order to perform a real-time dynamic thresholding,. The proposed circuit consists of two counters, and threshold look-up table, and control unit. The values of two counters determine each pixel position, the threshold look-up table converts each pixel value into other value, and the control unit generates necessary control signals. On arriving from a camera to the proposed circuit, each pixel is compared with its threshold value and is converted into other gray value. An image processing system by using the proposed circuit will be implemented and some experiments will be performed.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권7C호
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• pp.716-725
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 PDP내에서 의사 윤곽이 발생할 가능성이 큰 화소를 찾고 대상 이미지에 따라 적응적으로 그 효과를 보상하는 방법을 제안한다. 우선 이미지의 화소 값 정보만을 이용해서 간단하면서 효과적으로 화소 값의 분포를 이용해서 화질의 저하를 야기하는 화소를 찾는 방법을 제안하였다. 다음으로 선택된 후보 화소 군을 특정영역으로 트리 구조를 통해서 그룹화하고 그 영역에서만 계조 수를 감소시킨다. 이 과정에서 의사 윤곽이 발생하는 영역에 한해서만 계조 감소가 필요하므로 전체 이미지가 아닌 그룹화 된 영역을 대상으로만 국한해서 계조 수를 감소시킨다. 마지막으로 계조 수 감소로 생긴 오차와 트리 구조를 이용한 그룹화로 생긴 오차를 오차 확산 기법을 이용해서 사람 눈에 잘 띄지 않게 한다. 제안한 기법은 정지 영상의 화소 값을 바꿈으로써 객관적인 화질의 손해 보는 대신에 의사 윤곽이 감소된 영상을 얻는다. 모의실험을 통해서 제안하는 의사 윤곽 제거 기법이 낮은 계산 복잡도를 가지면서 기존 방법들 보다 효과적으로 의사 윤곽을 제거함을 확인한다.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 그레이 레벨 영상을 세선화 하는 과정에서 골격이 끊어지는 것을 방지하는 연결성 복구 알고리즘을 구현하는 하드웨어 구조를 제안하였다. 영상에서 물체의 골격선을 찾아내는 영상의 세선화 과정을 실시간으로 처리하기 위해서는 실시간으로 골격선의 연결성을 검사하는 하드웨어가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 골격선의 연결성을 4-클럭에 구하는 하드웨어 구조를 제안하였다. 제안된 구조는 PS(Parallel to Serial) Converter 블록, State Generator 블록, Ridge Checker 블록이 연속적으로 연결되어 있다. PS Converter 블록에서는 3$\times$3 그레이 레벨 영상을 4개의 직렬 화소값으로 만들어 State Generator 블록으로 보낸다. Staかe Generator 블록에서는 3$\times$3 그레이 값의 가운데 화소가 골격선에 접하는지를 검사하고, Ridge Checker 블록에서는 가운데 화소가 골격선상에 있는지를 판단한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 구조는 3$\times$3 그레이 레벨의 가운데 화소의 연결성을 4-클럭에 검사한다. 전체적인 회로는 설계 툴을 사용하여 검증하였고 정상적인 동작을 수행하였다.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.118-123
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• 2006

We present an optical security method for binary data information by using 4-step phase-shifting digital holography and we analyze tolerance error for the decrypted data. 4-step phase-shifting digital holograms are acquired by moving the PZT mirror with equidistant phase steps of ${\pi}/2$ in the Mach-Zender type interferometer. The digital hologram in this method is a Fourier transform hologram and is quantized with 256 gray level. The decryption performance of the binary data information is analyzed. One of the most important errors is the quantization error in detecting the hologram intensity on CCD. The greater the number of quantization error pixels and the variation of gray level increase, the more the number of error bits increases for decryption. Computer experiments show the results for encryption and decryption with the proposed method and show the graph to analyze the tolerance of the quantization error in the system.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.107-108
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 8-bits의 그레이레벨 영상에서 그레이레벨(gray-level) 값들의 발생 빈도(frequency)에 따른 순위 변환(Ranking-Transformation)을 이용한 효율적인 무손실 압축을 제안한다. 제안한 기법은 서로 인접한 픽셀의 그레이레벨의 쌍에 대한 발생 빈도를 토대로 원 영상의 그레이레벨 값을 이에 대응하는 순위 값으로 변환시킨다. 이때 부가정보가 발생하지 않도록 입력영상의 픽셀들에 대하여 한 픽셀씩 순차적으로 지정한 순위로 재구성한다. 실험결과, 부가 정보 없이 입력 영상을 압축하게 되어 엔트로피 부호화기를 통한 디지털 영상들의 효율적인 압축 성능 향상을 기대할 수 있다.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.590-598
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• 2017

Recently, there has been an increase in the number of hazardous events, such as fire accidents. Monitoring systems that rely on human resources depend on people; hence, the performance of the system can be degraded when human operators are fatigued or tensed. It is easy to use fire alarm boxes; however, these are frequently activated by external factors such as temperature and humidity. We propose an approach to fire detection using an image processing technique. In this paper, we propose a fire detection method using multichannel information and gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) image features. Multi-channels consist of RGB, YCbCr, and HSV color spaces. The flame color and smoke texture information are used to detect the flames and smoke, respectively. The experimental results show that the proposed method performs better than the previous method in terms of accuracy of fire detection.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.632-634
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• 2004

First for high-qualify images and reducing process-error and driving speed, the designed 8-bit data driving circuit consists of a constant transconductance bias circuit, D-F/Fs by shift registers using static transmission gates, 1st latch and 2nd latch by tristate inverters, level shifters, current steering segmented D/A converters by 4MSB thermometer decoder and 4LSB weighted type. Second, we designed gray amp for power saving. These data driving circuits are designed with $0.35-{\mu}m$ CMOS technologies at 3.3 V and 18 V power supplies and simulated with HSPICE.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.66-73
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• 1996

The present study investigates experimentally the characteristics of liquid jet, which is, the spray flow in the normal direction of the air stream under the flow conditions of air velocity $110\sim125m/s$. The present study adopts with the flow visualization technique using a short duration light bulb and the image processing analyse with CCD camera. Two types of injector were used: one is a flat plate type, and the other is backward facing step type, which height are 5, 8, 10mm. Dispersion of liquid jet can be represented by gray level of CCD camera. In the upstream of liquid jet, the backward facing step shows better liquid jet penetration. However, in the downstream. mean droplet size for backward facing step injector is smaller than that for flat plate injector

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.194-205
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• 1997

The typical instrumental assessment of ununiform natural soils has been carried out by yellowing of the specimens instead of the surface reflectance or the calculated formula. However, the regular instrumental area of sample holder is necessary for the measure of yellowing. Therefore, this study attempted to apply image analysis which had full color image by scanning of one time without limitation of instrumental area. The test samples were analyzed pseudo and full color image. This paper evaluated soil with hue of yellowing and gradation of gray level with color image analysis. Then, it was studied propriety of image analysis with correlation of yellowing, hue and gray level. Ultimately, the proposed image analysis in this paper was advanced method against the typical instrumental assessment.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.87-92
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• 1996

When cutting 2.0cm-thick red oak and hard maple with an air-jet-assisted carbon-dioxide laser of 2kW output power, maximum feed speed at the point of full penetration of the beam decreased with increasing the angle between grain and cutting direction. Feed speed averaged 3.75 and 3.38 meters per minute for red oak and hard maple, respectively. Gray-level of laser-cut surfaces were analyzed by image analysis system. The highest gray level of laser-cut surface was obtained when red oak was cut parallel to grain by laser. Surface profiler was used to scan the sawn and laser-cut surfaces. Center line average roughnesses of laser-cut surfaces were higher than those of sawn surfaces. Scanning electron micrographs showed the cell walls which were melted by laser.