• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.17-21
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• 2016

Heterogeneity assessment of tumor in oncology is important for diagnosis of cancer and therapy. The aim of this study was performed assess heterogeneity tumor region in PET image using texture analysis. For assessment of heterogeneity tumor in PET image, we inserted sphere phantom in torso phantom. Cu-64 labeled radioisotope was administrated by 156.84 MBq in torso phantom. PET/CT image was acquired by PET/CT scanner (Discovery 710, GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI). The texture analysis of PET images was calculated using occurrence probability of gray level co-occurrence matrix. Energy and entropy is one of results of texture analysis. We performed the texture analysis in tumor, liver, and background. Assessment textural features of region-of-interest (ROI) in torso phantom used in-house software. We calculated the textural features of torso phantom in PET image using texture analysis. Calculated entropy in tumor, liver, and background were 5.322, 7.639, and 7.818. The further study will perform assessment of heterogeneity using clinical tumor PET image.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.192-194
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• 2003

Since the details in quasi-homogeneous region will be destroyed from the conventional global image enhancement method such as histogram equalization. This defect is caused by the saturation of gray level in equalization process. So the local histogram equalization for each quasi-homogeneous region will be used in order to improve the details in the region itself. To obtain the quasi- homogeneous regions, the original image must be segmented. Here we applied the watershed transform to the interesting image. Since the watershed transform is based on mathematical morphology, therefore, the regions touch can be effectively separated. Hence two adjacent regions which have the similar gray pixels will be split off. The process will be independently applied to three different spectral images. Then three different colors are assigned to each processed image in order to produce a color composite image. By the proposed algorithm, the result image shows the better perception on image details. Therefore, the high efficiency of image classification can be obtained by using this color image.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.34-42
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• 2003

This study was designed to investigate the modulation of the Corydalis tuber on glycine-activated ion current in rat periaqueductal gray (PAG) neurons. Aqueous extract from Corydalis tuber has been widely used for pain control such as dysmenorrhea, irregular menstruation or amenorrhea with abdominal cramping, neuralgia, headache and gastrointestinal spasm. The PAG region of the brain is known to be involved heavily with nociception. Modulation of the Corydalis tuber on glycine-induced ion current in rat periaqueductal gray (PAG) neurons was studied by a nystatin-perforated patch-clamp technique. High concentrations of Corydalis tuber elicited ion current, which was suppressed by strychnine application. Low concentrations of Corydalis tuber reduced glycine-induced ion currents in the PAG neurons. Inhibitory action of Corydalis tuber on glycine-activated ion current was reduced by treatment with naltrexone, a non- selective opioid antagonist. Application of N-methylmalemide (NEM), a sulfhydryl alkylating agent, also reduced the inhibitory action of Corydalis tuber on glycine-activated ion current in the PAG neurons. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of Corydalis tuber on glycine-activated ion current in the PAG neurons is one of the analgesic mechanisms of the Corydalis tuber, which may activate descending pain control system in PAG neurons.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.10C
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• pp.629-634
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• 2011

Empty space in the parking lot of the parking space to analyze the effective use of technology and transportation may be useful in the jungle, However, conventional analytical methods impractical parking space or need a fast processing speed. In this paper, real-time parking, so parking monitoring methods for detection is proposed. Gray-level images using the proposed method to determine whether the parking and the parking space was used to analyze. To verify the performance of the proposed method in an outdoor parking lot 129 video capture and analysis of experimental results in 98.5% of the parking space, parking space, the success of the proposed method was proved to be effective in the analysis.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.331-342
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• 1989

This paper presents a new algorithm that extracts lung region in X-Rays and enhance.j the region. Comparing to prior algorithms that enhance whole X-Ray image, this algorithm leads more effective results. For this algorithm extracts lung region first, and enhances the lung region excluding parameters of other region. For choosing optimal threshold, we compare OTSU's mothod with the proposed method. We obtain lung boundary using contour following algorithm and Rray level searching method in gray level rescaled image. We Process histogram equalization in lung region and obtain enhanced lung image. By using the proposed algorithm, we obtain lung region effectively in chest X-Ray that need in medical image diagnostic system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.34S no.3
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• pp.84-96
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• 1997

In this paper an efficient morphologica algorithm for reducing gaussian and impulse noise in gray-scale image is presented. Based on the edge information the input image is partitioned into a flat region and an edge region, then different algorithms are selectively applied to each region. in case of impulse noise, MGR (morphologica grayscale reconstruction) algorithm with directional SE (structuring element) is applied to the flat region. For theedge region opening-closing (closing-opening) is used instead of dialation (erosion), so that the remaining noise around large objects can be removed. In case of gaussian noise, 5*5 OCCO(opening closing closing opening) and 3*3 DMF(directional morphological filter ) are used for the flat region and the edgeregion, respectively. In order to remove discontinuity at the edge boundary, the algorithm uses 3*3 OCCO around the edge region to reconstruct the final image. Experimetnal results have shown that the proposed algorithm achieves a high performance in terms of noise removal, detail preservation, and NMSE.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.169-176
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• 2018

In this study, we propose a new Fire Flame Region Extraction using Block Homogeneity Segmentation method of the Fire Image with irregular texture and various colors. It is generally assumed that fire flame extraction plays a very important role. The Color Image with fire flame is divided into blocks and edge strength for each block is computed by using modified color histogram intersection method that has been developed to differentiate object boundaries from irregular texture boundaries effectively. The block homogeneity is designed to have the higher value in the center of region with the homeogenous colors or texture while to have lower value near region boundaries. The image represented by the block homogeneity is gray scale image and watershed transformation technique is used to generate closed boundary for each region. As the watershed transform generally results in over-segmentation, region merging based on common boundary strength is followed. The proposed method can be applied quickly and effectively to the initial response of fire.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10b
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• pp.533-535
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• 1999

자궁경부진 세포인식 시스템에 있어서 가장 중요한 것이 영상처리를 이용하여 세포핵과 세포질을 추출하여 세포의 형태적인 정보를 알아내는 과정이다. 기존의 전역 thresholding 기법이나 region growing의 경우는 pap smear 검사를 통해 얻어진 세포 영상을 분할할 수 있는 region growing 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 region growing 기법은 초기에 seed를 검출할 때 local threshold growing 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 region growing 기법은 초기에 seed를 검출할 때 local threshold 개념을 도입하여 seed의 검출을 고르게 하고, 2가지 확장 조건을 사용하여 영역을 확장한다. 첫 번째 확장 조건은 비정상 세포나 artifact가 많아서 어둡게 나타나는 영상이나 세포질과 배경의 경계가 뚜렷하지 않아서 세포질의 구별이 어려운 영상의 영역 분할이 가능하도록 그 특성을 반영하고, 두 번째 조건은 세포가 흡수하는 빛의 양이 일정하다는 가정으로 영상에서의 지역 특성(gray level, color 등을 반영한다. 제안된 기법은 정상세포 영상뿐만 아니라 비정상 세포 영상에 대하여 over-segment나 under-segment하는 경우를 줄여서 영역 분할에 좋은 결과를 보인다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.207-213
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• 2005

Cultural, morphological and pathogenic variation in Indian isolates of Ascochyta rabiei, the causal agent of blight of chickpea, was investigated. Fungal isolates representative of seven agroclimatic regions in north western plain zones (NWPZ) of India showed variation in colony colour as mouse gray with green hue, light mouse gray with slate gray centre and gray with dark brown centre, when grown on chickpea dextrose agar (CDA). Conidiomatal color of the isolates varied from brown to slate gray and black. The number of conidiomata and conidia formed on CDA ranged from 49.7 to 90.7 and $5.5\times10^4\;to\;3\times10^5cm^{-2}$, respectively. The size of conidiomata and conidia of A. rabiei isolates varied from $274\times232{\mu}m\;to\;156\times116{\mu}m$, and from $14.0\times6.2{\mu}m\;to\;10.7\times4.6{\mu}m$, respectively. Fourteen A. rabiei isolates from the seven agroclimatic regions of NWPZ were evaluated for their virulence on 180 chickpea genotypes in controlled environment. Cluster analysis based on the disease rating on a 1-9 scale indicated higher similarity coefficient (> 0.65) between isolates from different agroecological regions, while few isolates from the same region had less similarity. The 14 isolates were grouped into eight pathotypes at > 0.5 similarity coefficient. Sixteen genotypes were identified as probable differentials to distinguish A. rabiei isolates.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.341-348
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• 2002

Quality evaluation of red ginsengs is determined by outer shape and inner qualities. Especially, the inner qualities are main grading criteria. Currently, red ginsengs are classified into 3-grades; heaven, earth and good. The best heaven grade must not include inner holes and sponge tissues. This study was conducted to develop a red ginseng sorting system using x-ray image processing technique. Because of lens characteristic, gray values of the central region in the x-ray image are higher and gradually decreased towards the edge regions. This difference of gray values gives trouble in segmentation and detection of inner holes in red ginseng image, so preprocessing technique is necessary. The preprocessing was done by subtracting source image from an empty background image. But, simple subtraction was not quite appropriate because of too small contrast between inner holes and sound part. Scaled subtraction images were obtained by multiplying all gray values by some numbers. However this method could not help to set threshold value because the gray values of root part are generally lower than body part when red ginseng is exposed to the x-ray. To determine threshold value for detecting inner holes, an algorithm was developed by increasing overall gray values of less clear images.