• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.595-598
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• 2007

Urban storm water collection and conveyance systems are critical components of the urban infrastructures. During a storm event, street grate inlets are usually loaded with debris by the first-flush runoff volume. Grate inlets are subject to clogging effects. Effective interception area of grate inlets was decreased by clogging. It also decreased the interception capacity of grate inlets and increased the inundation area in street. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the clogging characteristics and interception capacity change by clogging for appropriate design and management of grate inlets. In this study, field survey was executed to investigate debris and clogging pattern of grate inlet in 9 areas. The clogging factor with consideration of urban area characteristics was estimated with the field survey results.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.195-198
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• 2007

The type, the length, and the install space of the grate inlets in main street were designed with the consideration of discharge calculated with street surface rainfall. However, the discharge that was not intercepted at transverse grate inlets in steep local roads increases inundation areas around main street Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the flow characteristics and interception capacity at transverse grate inlets in steep local roads. Hydraulic experimental apparatus which can be changed the longitudinal slopes($2{\sim}10%$) of street, the size ($20{\sim}50cm$) and the types(TYPE I, II) of grate inlet was installed for this study. The range of the experimental discharges were from $2{\ell}/sec$ to $24{\ell}/sec$. The interception discharges of transverse grate inlets per unit width changing the longitudinal slope of steep local road were calculated by the hydraulic experimental results. The design method of transverse grate inlets was developed by the interception discharges per unit width. This design method was applied to decide the space and size of transverse grate inlets.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.2B
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• pp.179-186
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• 2006

Effective interception area of street grate inlets was decreased by clogging with trash, debris, and sand. It also decreased the interception capability of grate inlets and increased the inundation area in street. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the clogging characteristics and interception capability change by clogging for appropriate design and management of grate inlets. Hydraulic experimental apparatus which can be changed the gutter transverse slopes, longitudinal slopes of street and clogging condition of grate inlet ($40{\times}50cm$) was installed for this study. 81 total experiments were conducted with 8 different clogging condition. The interception capacities of grate inlets clogged curb direction are smaller than those of clogged flow direction. As the longitudinal slopes of street increase, the interception capacity of grate inlet decreases due to splash-over phenomena. This is also observed at grate inlets which has no clogging condition. In general, 50% of clogging factor was selected in design of grate inlet in foreign country. The clogging factor for same clogging condition are suggested 0.25~0.65 in domestic urban area.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.49 no.10
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• pp.851-861
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• 2016

Recently, natural disasters, which are hard to predict and prevent, are rapidly increasing due to climate change worldwide. Particularly the damage scale of urban areas is increasing because of local torrential rainfall. In urban areas, the rain water cannot flow to pipes well due to the high percentage of impervious areas by the indiscriminate development. As a result, the inundation damage is getting higher in urban areas. So we need to characterize the interception of the grate inlets to ensure good drainage in impervious areas. But Korean installation criteria of grate inlets does not reflect road and drainage sector characteristics so the grate inlets do not function properly in many areas. In this study, we suggest the interception capacity equations about grate inlets through hydraulic experiments in various conditions. Therefore, the interception capacity changes are analyzed according to bearing bar slopes of grate inlets, grate inlet sizes and shapes and connecting pipe numbers. Though this, we developed the interception capacity equations about domestic grate inlets.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.537-549
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• 2016

The grate inlets generally were installed to intercept surface runoff on the roads and intercepted flow was drained to the underground sewer system. The equation of interception flow was used to determine the size and spacing of grate inlet on the roads. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the interception capacity of grate inlet. Hydraulic experimental apparatus which can be changed with the longitudinal slopes(2, 4, 6, 8, 10%) of street, the transverse slopes(2, 4, 7, 10%), and the lengths(50, 100, 150cm) of grate inlet was installed for this study. The range of the experimental discharges were calculated with change of road lanes(2, 3, 4) and design frequencies(5, 10, 20, 30year). As the transverse slope increased, it led to the increase of interception capacity at grate inlets. The long lengths of grate inlet with direction of flow increased the interception capacity by the increase of side inflow. On the basis of the hydraulic model experiment results, the empirical equations for calculation of the interception capacity were derived with regression analysis. As a result of comparison with equations, the suggested equation of this study was estimated reasonable one for increased design frequency. Therefore, this study can suggest the basic data for design of drainage facility at road.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1251-1255
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• 2006

도로 조건에 따른 빗물받이 유입구의 설치간격, 적정크기 및 관리 방안을 마련하여야 하며, 빗물받이 설계 시, 빗물받이 유입구의 통수능력을 저하시키는 빗물받이 유입구의 막힘 현상을 고려한 빗물받이 유입구의 합리적인 설계와 관리 방안을 마련하여 빗물 배제 능력을 향상시킴으로써 도시 홍수피해의 경감대책을 수립하여야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 합리식을 이용하여 우수유출량을 계산하고, 빗물받이 차집효율 실험을 통하여 산정된 빗물받이 규격별 차집유입량 경험식을 이용하여 빗물받이의 차집유입량을 산정하였다. 막힘 현상을 고려한 빗물받이 유입구의 찻집효율 분석 실험을 실시하여 제시되어진 막힘 계수를 이용하여 빗물받이 유입구의 막힘 현상을 고려한 도로의 격자형 빗물받이 유입구의 설계 방법을 제시하였으며, Excel을 이용하여 간략하게 프로그램화 하였다. 제시된 설계방법은 실무에서 도로 조건의 변화와 빗물받이의 막힘 현상을 고려한 빗물받이 유입부의 설계에 사용 가능하다고 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.820-824
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• 2007

간선도로의 유입부 설계에는 도로 표면에 떨어진 강우만을 고려하여 빗물받이 간격, 형태 등을 결정하고 있으나, 현실적으로는 간선도로와 연결된 급경사 국지도로에서 횡방향 빗물받이 유입부로 유입되지 않는 유량이 간선도로의 침수를 가중시키고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 점들을 고려할 때, 침수피해에 의한 시민들의 재산을 보호하고, 불편을 덜어주기 위해 급경사 국지도로의 합리적인 배수시설이 필요하다. 그러므로 국지도로 조건에 따른 횡유입부의 설치간격, 적정크기 및 관리 방안을 마련하여 빗물 배제 능력을 향상시킴으로써 도시 홍수피해의 경감대책을 수립하여야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 합리식을 이용하여 우수유출량을 계산하고, 횡유입부의 차집효율 실험을 통하여 산정된 국지도로의 단위 폭(1m)당 차집유량을 이용하여 횡유입부의 설계 방법을 제시하였으며, Excel을 이용하여 간략하게 프로그램화 하였다. 제시된 설계방법은 실무에서 국지도로 경사의 변화를 고려한 횡방향부의 설계에 사용가능하리라 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.519-523
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• 2006

간선도로의 유입부 설계에는 도로 표면에 떨어진 강우만을 고려하여 빗물받이 간격, 형태 등을 결정하고 있으나, 현실적으로는 간선도로와 연결된 소규모 도로에서 횡유입부로 유입되지 않는 유량이 간선도로의 침수를 가중시키고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 점들을 고려할 때, 침수피해에 의한 시민들의 재산을 보호하고 불편을 덜어주기 위해 소규모 도로의 합리적인 배수시설이 필요하며, 이런 배수시설로 부각되는 횡유입부의 차집효율을 분석할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 횡유입부의 설계 실태를 조사하고, 현장조사를 실시하여 수리인자들을 실측하여, 실험장치의 제작과 효율적인 실험조건을 선정하였다. 도로에서 횡방향으로 설치되어 있는 빗물받이 유입구의 규모에 따른 가능 최대 차집유량과 그에 따른 효율을 분석하기 위하여 도로 종경사$(2{\sim}11.5%)$, 유량$(1.5{\sim}24{\ell}/sec)$, 빗물받이 유입구의 규모 및 형태(TYPEⅠ, TYPEⅡ)를 변화시키면서 실험을 실시하였다. 실측 자료를 분석한 결과, 도로의 종경사가 6%이상이 되면, 횡유입부의 차집효율이 급히 감소되는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 빗물받이 유입구 TYPEⅠ의 형태가 TYPEⅡ의 경우보다 차집효율이 현저하게 감소하고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.223-232
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• 2021

In general, stormwater flows to the road surface, especially in urban areas, and it is discharged through the drainage grate inlets on roads. The appropriate evaluation of the road drainage capacity is essential not only in the design of roads and inlets but also in the design of sewer systems. However, the method of road surface flow analysis that reflects the topographical and hydraulic conditions might not be fully developed. Therefore, the enhanced method of road surface flow analysis should be presented by investigating the existing analysis method such as the flow analysis module (uniform; varied) and the flow travel time (critical; fixed). In this study, the algorithm based on varied and uniform flow analysis was developed to analyze the flow pattern of road surface. The numerical analysis applied the uniform and varied flow analysis module and travel time as parameters were conducted to estimate the characteristics of rainfall-runoff in various road conditions using the developed algorithm. The width of the road (two-lane (6 m)) and the slope of the road (longitudinal slope of road 1 - 10%, transverse slope of road 2%, and transverse slope of gutter 2 - 10%) was considered. In addition, the flow of the road surface is collected from the gutter along the road slope and drained through the gutter in the downstream part, and the width of the gutter was selected to be 0.5 m. The simulation results were revealed that the runoff characteristics were affected by the road slope conditions, and it was found that the varied flow analysis module adequately reflected the gutter flow which is changed along the downstream caused by collecting of road surface flow at the gutter. The varied flow analysis module simulated 11.80% longer flow travel time on average (max. 23.66%) and 4.73% larger total road surface discharge on average (max. 9.50%) than the uniform flow analysis module. In order to accurately estimate the amount of runoff from the road, it was appropriate to perform flow analysis by applying the critical duration and the varied flow analysis module. The developed algorithm was expected to be able to be used in the design of road drainage because it was accurately simulated the runoff characteristics on the road surface.