• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.133-139
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• 1979

수도추비용(水稻追肥用)으로 시제(試製)된 NK 복비(複肥) 17-0-17 (입상(粒狀) 및 분말상(粉末狀))과 17-0-14의 효과를 단비(單肥)(요소(尿素) 및 염화가리(鹽化加里))와 비교(比較)하기 위하여 신품종 수도(水稻)(밀량 23호)를 써서 포장시험(圃場試驗)을 실시(實施)했든바 그결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 수량면(收量面)에서 볼때 복비수비(複肥穗肥)는 단비수비(單肥穗肥)보다 더 효과적인 경향(傾向)이 였다. 2. 입상(粒狀) 17-0-17 수비구(穗肥區)에서 K 및 N의 흡수(吸收)가 타구(他區)에 비(比)해 많았으며 K/(Ca+Mg)값도 높았다. 3. 복비구(複肥區)에서 가리(加里)와 질소흡수량(窒素吸收量)이 많았든 원인(原因)에 대(對)해서는 본시험(本試驗)성적만으로 설명(說明)이 어려웠다. 4. N-K복비(複肥)는 수비(穗肥)로 뿐만아니라 수도(水稻)에 대(對)한 즉(卽) 기비(基肥) 유효분벽기(有效分蘗期)나 최고분벽기(最高分蘗期)에 추비(追肥) 하여도 그 효과(效果)를 검토(檢討)해볼 만 할것 같다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.456-463
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of granular type of silicate fertilizer on watermelon growth, yield, and characteristics of soil in the greenhouse. Four different levels of silicate fertilizer, 0(control), 600, 1,200, $1,800kg\;ha^{-1}$ were applied for experiment. The silicate fertilizer was applied as a basal fertilization before transplanting watermelon. Compost and basal fertilizers were applied based on the standard fertilizer recommendation rate with soil testing. All of the recommended $P_2O_5$ and 50% of N and $K_2O$ were applied as a basal fertilization. The N and $K_2O$ as additional fertilization was split-applied twice by fertigation method. Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) cultivar was 'Sam-Bok-KKuol and main stem was from rootstock (bottle gourd: Lagenaria leucantha Standl.) 'Bul-Ro-Jang-Sang'. The watermelon was transplanted on April, 15. Soil chemical properties, such as soil pH, EC, available phosphate and exchangeable K, Mg, and available $SiO_2$ levels increased compared to the control, while EC was similar and the concentrations of soil organic matter decreased. Physical properties of soils, such as soil bulk density and porosity were not different among treatments. The growth characteristics of watermelon, such as stem diameter, fresh and dry weight of watermelon at harvest were thicker and heavier for silicate treatment than the control, while number of node was shorter than the control. Merchantable watermelon increased by 3-5% compared to the control and sugar content was 0.4 to $0.7^{\circ}Brix$ higher than the control. These results suggest that silicate fertilizer application in the greenhouse can improve some chemical properties of soils and watermelon stem diameter and dry weight, which are contributed to watermelon quality and marketable watermelon production.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.242-250
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• 1989

The performance of a vertical type centrifugal distributor of granular materials was studied by means of mathematical models and experimental investigations. To develop the mathematical description of particle motion, some assumptions were made. The distribution process consisted of three stages: the entrance of a particle to the blade, the motion of the particle on the blade, and the motion of the particle in the air. The physical properties of fertilizer, which affected the particle motion, were investigated: bluk density, coefficient of friction, coefficient of restitution, and particle size distribution. The particle motion were simulated by using a computer. A prototype distributor was designed and constructed for experimental tests. The following conclusions were drawn from the computer simulation and experiment results. 1. The fertilizer may slide or roll at the point of contact when they impact on the blade and move along the blade. 2. The interaction among fertilizers may prevent them from bouncing. 3. When fertilizers roll on the blade, rolling resistance is one of the factors affecting the particle's motion. 4. The trajectory angle and position of fertilizers from a disc depend on the blade position and particle shape, but the rotating speed of the disc affected them only slightly.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.167-172
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• 1997

This experiment was carried out to study an effect of organic fertilizer, IBDU complex and humate on the growth of creeping bentgrass(penncross) and the change of soil chemical characteristics. Results obtained are summarized as follows :1.Content of a total nitrogen in soil was increased in more IBDU complex and organic fertilizer than humate plot. 2.Content of a organic matter in soil was increased in organic fertiliter and humate plot. 3.CEC in soil was improved a little in humate-granular plot. 4.The yield of dry weight and leaf color 'was increased in more organic fertilizer than humate plot. 5.Root length was the most effective in humate plot.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.290-295
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• 2002

조립 복합비료의 증량제를 점토광물 대신 인광석분말로 대체하여 연초용 복합비료(10-0-30)조립시험을 수행했다. 황산칼리 60%, 요소 22%, 인광석 18%로 조성된 분말에 10% 인산액을 점결제로 조립한 결과 소량의 점결제로서 양호하게 조립되었으며 입자분포, 입자경도, 수중 붕괴도, 흡습성 등 물리성이 매우 이상적인 입자로 조사되었다. 담배직물을 묘상기, 본포기로 나누어 폿트 비효실험 결과 생육기간이 짧은 묘상에서는 시제품의 생육이 부진하였고 본포기 폿트 재배시험에서도 인산축적이 없는 개간지 토양에서는 생육이 부진하였으나 인산이 축적된 숙전에서는 정상적으로 생육하였다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2006

본 실험은 농약 흡착제(adsorbent)로서 입상 활성탄(활성탄 I 및 활성탄 II) 및 차콜의 사용가능성을 알아보기 위하여 흡착질(adsorbate)로 현재 골프장에서 사용하고 있는 살충제인 스미치온(Fenitrothion)과 살균제인 호리쿠어(Tebuconazole)를 대상으로 하였다. 흡착실험에서는 스미치온 및 호리쿠어의 처리 농도별 흡착에 미치는 영향과 흡착제의 입자크기가 흡착에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과, 흡착실험에서는 흡착제의 입자 크기가 작을수록 높은 흡착율을 보였으며, 활성탄이 차콜에 비하여 상대적으로 높은 흡착율을 나타내었다. 그러나 스미치온의 탈착(desorption)에 관한 실험에서는 활성탄 및 차콜 모두 1200mm 이상의 강우량에서도 스미치온이 용탈되지 않았으므로, 차콜 또한 활성탄과 함께 골프장 농약 흡착제로서의 이용 가능한 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.203-208
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• 2006

This study was conducted to improve the control performance of a current variable-rate controller for granular fertilizers. Simulation model was developed. Optimized proportional, integral and derivative gains were determined by simulation model using 2nd order PID gain learning algorithm, and these control gains were evaluated through the field tests. Important results of this study are as follows; 1. Principles of pre-existing variable-rate application of granular fertilizers were investigated. 2. Simulation model of a PID controller that could simulate the control system was developed by using Matlab/Simulink program. The program was to determine PID control coefficients through the simulation model and 2nd order PID gain learning algorithm. 3. PID control coefficients obtained from the simulation were applied to the developed model. When the step input was given, Maximum overshoot were 1.96%, rise time were 0.05 sec, settling time were 0.06 sec and steady state error were 0.21 % respectively. 4. The simulation model was verified through field tests. The errors of maximum overshoot were 10%, rise time were 0.11 sec, settling time were 0.40 sec and steady state error were 8% because of loads and noises. Rise time was decreased to one third of that of the pre-existing system. 5. If the speed of a fertilizing machine is $0.3{\sim}0.6\;m/s$ and the maximum rotation speed of a discharging roller is 64 rpm, rise time would be 0.26 sec and fertilizing machine would cover the distance of $0.07{\sim}0.15\;m$ with settling time of 0.4 sec, fertilizing machine would cover the distance of $0.12{\sim}0.24\;m$.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2005년도 국제학술회의
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• pp.194-195
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• 2005

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.807-812
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• 2016

Soil amendment, especially addition of clay minerals, has been widely conducted to improve the physical and chemical properties of cultivated soils. However, there are no systematic studies on the effects of the structural type of clay minerals added. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of structural type of clay minerals on physical properties of soils. Two experimental soils, layer-dominant and granule-dominant ones, were mixed with either a layer-type smectite or a granule-type zeolite at a level of 2.0 wt%. It was observed that water permeability of soils was decreased by smectite whereas not significantly changed by zeolite. This effect was much greater in layered clay-dominant soil than in granular clay-dominant soil. Our results clearly indicated that the relationship of structural type between a soil and an amendment plays a decisive role in the soil properties. Therefore, it is highly recommended that the structural types of both soil and amendment be taken into consideration for soil amendment by clay minerals.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.598-601
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• 2006

The Purpose of this study is to develope the method for early recovery of the biodiversity in the oligotrophical costal area, it is important in the recovery of the biodiversity to make kelp forest grow in the concerned area. In order for it, sufficient nutrient is required as well as the proper seedbed, Hence in this study, granulated fertilizer, which contains nutrient, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and etc, is coated by cement paste, and then is mixed in to the porous concrete in order to provide seedbed and nutrient simultaneously. As a result of examination of growth property of marine plants of multiple performance concrete for kelp forest regeneration, seaweeds is adhered plentifully when the number of days is longer. when the granular fertilizer mixed. adherence and growth of marine plants is excellent and is stabilized over the long run. In case 6 month of the number of days immersed, marine plants and growth will appear.