• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.56-60
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• 2002

Sixteen Curvularia isolates were collected from leaf spots and blights on gramineous plants of field crops, grass pasture plants, turfgrasses and wild weeds in Korea in 1998. These isolates were identified as C. cymbopogonis, C. inaequalis, C. intermedia, C. lunata, C. lunata var. aeria, C. ovoidea, C. pallescens and C. senegalensis based on the mycological characteristics. Of these, C. cymbopogonis, C. lunata var. aeria, C. ovoidea and C. senegalensis were recorded for the first time in Korea.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.44-56
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• 2009

$Epichlo\ddot{e}$ endophytes, including Neotyphodium spp. and $Epichlo\ddot{e}$ spp., enhance plant growth, mediate more plant tolerance or resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and also synthesis various biologically active compounds in their host plants, and important in many areas. In early stages, most of $epichlo\ddot{e}$ endophytes were described during surveys practiced by American, European and Oceania scientists, while fungal endophytes within native Asian plants were poorly investigated. In recent years, an $Epichlo\ddot{e}$ sp. and 4 Neotyphodium spp. were described in cool season Chinese native gramineous plants. Most of Chinese native Neotyphodium spp. were presumed as hybrids originated from members of ETC and EBY. Investigation on NRPS genes shows lack of toxic ergopeptines and potential production of peramine. Biological and ecological roles of Chinese native $epichlo\ddot{e}$ endophytes should be investigated in future, and it will be very valuable if we can have some joint projects with Korean scientists for Asian native $epichlo\ddot{e}$ endophytes.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.689-696
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• 2015

The green manure crops are returned to soil when the plants are still green. The green manure crops play a role in reducing chemical fertilizers, improvement of soil fertility, reduction of soil erosion, weed control, and landscapes effect. Typical green manure crops are barley green manure, hairy vetch, chines milk vetch and clovers. We sowed 49 species of green manure crops in upland soil to increase the usage of green manure crops. We searched the effectiveness of green manure yield, C/N ratio, soil mulching, and landscape effect. The green manure crops that have $5tonha^{-1}$ or more of green manure yield (fresh weight) were 6 gramineous crops, 4 leguminous crops, and 3 others. Green manures yield in a short growth period was higher in gramineous crops than leguminous crops. Among the green manure crops, 3 gramineous crops, 12 leguminous crops, and 3 others were under 25 in C/N ratio. Seven gramineous crops, 8 leguminous crops, and 5 others were over 50% of soil covering rate. Green manure crops that have beautiful flowers were in total 16 kinds, such as 4 gramineous crops, 6 leguminous crops, and 6 others. In result, based on green manure yield and C/N ratio, excellent species in the green manure crops were 4 species (triticale, 2 kinds of hairy vetch, and lupin). Green manure crops that were effective at soil mulching were 20 species, like hairy vetch, oats, sorghum, phacelia, buckwheat, etc. Buckwheat, crotalaria, mustard plant, phacelia, and etc. could be available for landscape crops.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.110-115
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• 2001

Nine species of Bipolaris, two species of Drechslera and two species of Exserohilum were identified from 66 isolates collected from leaf spots and leaf blights on gramineous hosts of field crops, grass pasture plants, turfgrasses and wild weeds in Korea in 1998. They included B. bicolor, B. coicis, B. cynodontis, B. maydis, B. oryzae, B. panici-miliacei, B. setariae, B. sorghicola, B. sorokiniana, D. dictyoides, D. graminea, E. oryzicola and E. turcicum. Of these, B. bicolor, B. sorghicola, D. dictyoides, and E. oryzicola were recorded for the first time in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.391-397
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• 2005

This study was carried out to examine the allelopathic effect of the aqueous extract of Hypochaeris radicata L. on growth of three gramineous forage crops, tall fescue, perennial ryegrass and italian ryegrass. The result on relative elongation ration (RER) of gramineous forage crops treated with the aqueous extract of Hypochaeris radicata L. and the change of quantity generally indicated the inhibitory effect. The inhibitory effect was increased as its concentration was increased. As a result, it is ascertained that the aqueous extract of Hypochaeris radicata L. has allelopathy effect. According to the chemical experiment of the allelochemical substances in Hypochaeris radicata L. by HPLC, there are the differences at each part of plants. However, it is ascertained that there are eleven phenolic compounds, ${\rho}-hydroxybenzoic$ acid, chlorogenic acid, catechin, caffeic acid, syringic acid, salicylic acid, ${\rho}-coumaric$ acid, ferulic acid, hesperidin, trans-cinnamic acid and naringenin. Especially three phenolic acids such as caffeic acid, ferulic acid and naringenin were detected from all part of the plant.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.38-43
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• 1985

A bacterial brown stripe disease new to Korea was noted for the first time on rice seedlings grown in the nursery pots and in a field nursery. Artificial hypodermic injection and pricking inoculation with isolates obtained from lesions of naturally infected plants produced symptoms similar to those occurring under natural condition. Among eleven species of ten genera of gramineous plants Echinochloa crusgalli, Digitaria sanguinalis and Setaria viridis were the new hosts for the pathogen. On the basis of bacteriological and biochemical tests of isolates from infected rice seedlings, the causal bacterium is considered to be Pseudomonas avenae Manns.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.8
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• pp.59-64
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• 1990

Wild plants which have potential availability as pasture plants were collected from around Kyungpook province. Plants collected were cultivated in the university farm and their characteristics were investigated and recorded. Seeds of pasture plant resources collected were selected, weighed for 1,000 grains, packaged and stored at $4^{\circ}C$. Species of collected were as follows. Gramineous plants are Cymbopogon totilis var, goeringii Hand Mazz, Pennisetum akioecyriudes L., Dactylis glomerata L., Agropyron tsukushience var transiens Ohwi, Arundinella hirta Tanaka, Themeda triandra var., japonica Makino, Miscanthus sinensis Anderss, Setaria virides L., Digitaria sanguinalis L., Imperata cylindrica var. Koenigii Retz, Cynodon dactylon Pers, Echinochloa crus-galli var. frumentacea Wight, and Avena fatua L., and leguminous plants are Vicia angustrifolia var. segetilis Koch, Kummerowia stipulacea Makino, Kummerowia striata Schindl, Trifolium repens L., Melilotus officinalish L., and Astragalus sinicus L..

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.85-88
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• 1992

Water cultrue method was used with the purpose of obtaining fundamental knowledge on the e effects of regrowth after cutting of 6 forage plants t to potassium(K) and magnesium(Mg) contents. Though there were some exceptions, the K contents of forage plants at both 10 ppm and 30O ppm $K_2O$ levels decreased with the progress of cutting time. The decrease of K content was more significant of gramineous plants than on leguminous plants. On the other hand, the Mg contents of forage plants increased with the progress of cutting tIme. The K/Mg ratio was the highest at 1st growing period with the higher K and lower Mg contents of the forages. The ratio of Italian ryegrass at 10 ppm $K_2O$ was the lowest, while at 300 ppm it was t the highest among the forages. From the facts, the K and Mg contents of forages at 1st cutting were higher and lower, resp pectively, than those observed in the other cutting times. Rapid rise of temperature could result in great difference on the ratio of K/Mg between lighter and heavier K applications.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.6 s.73
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• pp.871-878
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• 2005

This experiment was performed to examine the allelopathy effect of allelochemical substance on the crop plants. According to the experiment of the allelochemical substances in Hypochaeris radicata by HPLC, there are the differences at each part of plants. However, it is ascertained that there are 14 kinds of phenolic compounds ingredients that are $\rho$-hydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, catechin, caffeic acid, syringic acid, salicylic acid, $\rho$-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, naringin, hesperidin, myricetin, trans-cinnamic acid, quercetin and naringenin. The chemicals like caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and naringenin are commonly included. The result of the chemical experiment shows that there are the differences at each season and part of plants. The leaves in May and blossoms and roots in July contain lots of phenolic acids. It is very high contents such as salicylic acid 2085.6 ${\mu}g/g$ and quercetin 1522.0 ${\mu}g/g$, especially in roots of plants. The result on the growth of crop plants treated by the aqueous extract of Hypochaeris radicata shows that the value of the control group and the test group are same in some cases. However, because the treat value of test group is towel'than that of control group in all items of the experiment, it is cofirmed that the growth of crop plants was inhibited and that the inhibitory effect was increased as its density of treatment was increased. The result of change in quantity shows that there are the differences at each kind of crop plants, but the inhibitory effect was increased as its concentration of treatment was increase with entire. As results, it is confirmed that H. radicata has the allelopathy effect to the crop plants. Especially the inhibitory effect on growth is high in gramineous crop, italian ryegrass and leguminous crop. purple alfalfa.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.112-129
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• 2012

The aim of this study was to provide basic data in managing the project that was carried out on Bulgwangcheon in a nature-friendly way to improve the conditions around the areas, which was brought to completion in 2002, based on changes in ecological characteristics. For this propose, this study examined documents related to the project, compared physical and enviromnental changes before and after the project was conducted and analyzed changes in the stream ecosystem. The result showed that in areas that effluent water was often observed, especially when it rained, the river wall was washed away and vegetation was found damaged. As for actual vegetation, this study compared planting coverage of each section of the research area and actual vegetation charts. The results indicated that Lespedeza spp., Aster koraiensis among mixed seeds that were planted in the reservoir path were almost swept away while Festuca arundinacea dominated the areas. Phragmites communis, Miscanthus sacchariflorns and Salix gracilistyla which had been planted in a small number were also almost washed out though a small number of them were left to form a colony. After examining the topography and structure of the plant community, this study found that areas where mixed seed were planted had changed into two types of vegetation: First type of area is dominated by P and R which are usually raised in apron with abundant floating particles. The second type of area is dominated by dry gramineous plant such as F and A. Areas around low flow channel where Phragmites communis, Miscanthus sacchariflorus and Salix gracilistyla planting construction method is applied was washed away with the width of low flow channel reduced. Though P, M and S formed a small community in some areas around the low flow area, they were in small number and in composition of simple plant species. Two ways were suggested in this study to manage the stream in an ecological way. First, adequate revetment construction methods should be applied by monitoring the flow of the stream as well as considering the flood control of urban streams. Second, target vegetation communities that are suitable for the environment of the stream should be chosen and be plantedconstantly with high density. At the same time, ornamental native plants shouldn't be planted as they have been and disturbing vegetation should be removed.