• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.633-641
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• 2022

Introduction In chronic facial palsy, synkinetic muscle overactivity and shortening causes muscle stiffness resulting in reduced movement and functional activity. This article studies the role of multimodal therapy in improving outcomes. Methods Seventy-five facial palsy patients completed facial rehabilitation before being successfully discharged by the facial therapy team. The cohort was divided into four subgroups depending on the time of initial attendance post-onset. The requirement for facial therapy, chemodenervation, or surgery was assessed with East Grinstead Grade of Stiffness (EGGS). Outcomes were measured using the Facial Grading Scale (FGS), Facial Disability Index, House-Brackmann scores, and the Facial Clinimetric Evaluation scale. Results FGS composite scores significantly improved posttherapy (mean-standard deviation, 60.13 ± 23.24 vs. 79.9 ± 13.01; confidence interval, -24.51 to -14.66, p < 0.0001). Analysis of FGS subsets showed that synkinesis also reduced significantly (p < 0.0001). Increasingly, late clinical presentations were associated with patients requiring longer durations of chemodenervation treatment (p < 0.01), more chemodenervation episodes (p < 0.01), increased doses of botulinum toxin (p < 0.001), and having higher EGGS score (p < 0.001). Conclusions This study shows that multimodal facial rehabilitation in the management of facial palsy is effective, even in patients with chronically neglected synkinesis. In terms of the latency periods between facial palsy onset and treatment initiation, patients presenting later than 2 years were still responsive to multimodal treatment albeit to a lesser extent, which we postulate is due to increasing muscle contracture within their facial muscles.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2017

This study is a basic study to develop shoe last design technology to enhance and revitalize the competitiveness of the handmade shoes. In-depth interviews were conducted with four manufacturers in Seongsu-dong to identify the production status and design technology of shoe lasts. The result of the research is as follows. Firstly, shoe lasts for adults are produced at intervals of 5mm between 245mm-285mm for men's shoes, and between 220-260mm for women's shoes. The production rate of women's shoes was high in the order of general type, boot type, and sandal type while men's shoes mainly produce general type. Secondly, the master last size and ball girth rating for men's and women's shoes were analyzed to EE-EEE grade at 260mm and D grade at 235mm. The length of the master last for men's shoes is 276-290mm, the heel width is 60-65mm, the ball width is 88-90mm, the ball girth is 250mm, and the waist girth is 248mm. The length of the master shoe last for women's shoes is 236-245 mm, the heel width is 50-55mm, the ball width is 78-80mm, the ball girth is 211~213mm, and the waist girth is 213~215mm. Thirdly, the last grading deviation is 5mm in length, the heel width is 0.5mm, the ball girth is 3.5mm, and the ball with is 1.2mm. The ball girth dimensions of Oxford type, slip-on type, and sneakers type are made at 250mm, 248mm, and 245mm for men's shoes. For women's shoes, the ball girth dimensions of pump type, loafer & boot type, and sandal type are made at 211~213mm, 214~215mm, and 211mm. Fourthly, t+he construction of the automation system is insufficient and almost completely depends on manual production.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.357-363
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• 1987

생육기간동안 냉수처리하는 포장시험(작물시험장 시험사업)을 통해 재배학적방법으로 상대적 내냉성정도가 판정되어 있는 벼 41품종을 재배하여 그 유수로부터 분리한 미토콘드리아의 호흡활성전이 온도를 측정하였다. 강내냉성으로 분류된 품종들은 $11.5{\sim}13.5^{\circ}C$의 상대적으로 낮은 활성전이온도를 보였으며 내냉성이 약한 품종들일수록 그 온도가 높아졌다. 작물시험장의 내냉성 판정등급(강, 중강, 중, 중약 및 약)에 따라 그룹별로 해당품종들의 호흡활성 전이온도를 배열하면 그 순서는 그룹별로 내냉성이 약해지는 순서와 일치하였다. 이 결과는 유수미토콘드리아의 호흡활성 전이온도가 전반적 내냉성(overall cold-tolerance) 판정의 객관적 지표가 된다는 사실을 강하게 시사하고 있다. 호흡활성 전이온도의 간편한 측정을 위한 방법론을 분석생화학적 측면에서 검토하였다. 본연구에서 주로 이용한 polarographic method 이외에도 막에 결합된 cytochrome C oxidase가 호흡활성 및 그 전이온도를 결정한다는 발견에 입각하여 이 효소의 온도에 따른 활성변화를 spectrophotometric method로 측정하므로서 미토콘드리아 호흡계 전체의 활성전이온도를 측정할 수 있음도 확인하였다.