• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권9호
• /
• pp.4029-4032
• /
• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze any association between the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and risk of prostate cancer (PCa) and cancer grade among men undergoing radical prostatectomy for PCa. Materials and Methods: 50 patients with MetS and 50 patients without MetS who undervent radical prostatectomy (RP) were included in the study. Age at biopsy, height, weight, digital rectal examination (DRE), pre-biopsy PSA levels, prostate volume, histopathologic diagnosis after surgery and gleason scores were collected data from all patients. Histologic material obtained at biopsy was given a Gleason score; tumours with a Gleason score ${\geq}7$ were considered high grade and <7 were considered low grade. Results: The mean age at the time of biopsy was $63.7{\pm}5.94$ in patients with MetS and $61.6{\pm}6.14$ in patients without MetS. Men with MetS had significantly lower PSA levels (p=0.01) ($7.21{\pm}2.74$ and $8.81{\pm}2.72$, respectively). Also, the men with MetS had higher RP tumor grade (p=0.04). Conclusions: Men with MetS undergoing RP have lower PSA levels and have significantly higher grade PCa. We must be careful for screening PCa in patients with MetS. Although the patients had lower PSA levels, they may have high grade disease.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권16호
• /
• pp.7231-7235
• /
• 2015

This study was conducted to determine whether advancing age is an independent predictor of increased risk of high-grade pathologies among women referred for colposcopy after abnormal cervical cytology. Medical records were reviewed for women with abnormal cervical cytology who underwent colposcopy at Khon Kaen University Hospital. Logistic regression was used to determine the independent impact of age on the risk of high-grade pathologies. Mean age of the women was 42.8 years. Of 482 women, 97 (20.1%) were postmenopausal, and 92 (19.1%) were nulliparous. The rate of high-grade pathologies included cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2-3, 99 (20.5%), adenocarcinoma in situ, 4 (0.8%), cervical cancer, 30 (6.2%), and endometrial cancer, 1 (0.2%). The prevalence of significant lesions was 26.9% (95% CI, 23.1%-31.2%). In total, 31 women had cancers (6.4%; 95% CI, 4.4%-9.0%). When controlling for smear types and parity, age was noted to be a significant independent predictor of high-grade histopathology. Women older than 35-40 years were approximately 2 times as likely to have severe histopathology as the younger women. This study illustrates the substantial risk of underlying significant lesions especially invasive cancer in Thai women with abnormal cervical cytology. Age was a significant independent factor predicting the risk of high-grade pathologies.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.131-137
• /
• 2004

Purpose: We evaluated the results of various surgical treatments for hallux valgus with and without attempting to correct sesamoid subluxation. Materials and Methods: Thirty-one cases in 26 patients were involved in this study: Group I (15 cases) - surgery performed only to correct the hallux valgus angle (HVA) and the first-second intermetatarsal angle (IMA) in AP view; Group II (16 cases) - surgery performed to correct HVA and IMA and also to reduce the subluxation of sesamoid. The degree of sesamoid subluxation was measured from a pre- and intraoperative sesamoid tangential views. For both groups, we analysed the status of the sesamoid in pre- and postoperative radiographs and performed clinical evaluation using the Mayo clinic forefoot scoring system. Results: The average amount of correction during postoperative period and loss of correction at last follow-up in the sesamoid tangential view were as follows: soft tissue procedures (5 cases) - group I: grade $1.0{\pm}0.4/1.5{\pm}0.3$ and group II: grade $2.0{\pm}0.9/0.5{\pm}0.08$; chevron osteotomy (12 cases) - group I: grade $1.0{\pm}0.5/1.2{\pm}0.3$ and group II: grade $2.2{\pm}0.7/0.9{\pm}0.2$; proximal metatarsal osteotomy (14 cases) - group I: grade $4.0{\pm}0.4/1{\pm}0.2$ and group II: grade $4.7{\pm}1.1/0.8{\pm}0.1$. In clinical evaluation, more than 93% of the feet had a good result in both groups. The analysis of these data for each treatment type did not show any statistically significant differences between groups I and II. Conclusion: The radiologic and clinical results did not validate our attempts to reduce the sesamoid during surgery.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.375-385
• /
• 2013

본 논문에서는 천매암을 중심으로 저변성퇴적암류에 속하는 암석을 대상으로 암석학적 특징과 풍화도의 상관성에 대하여 분석하였다. 현장 지질조사를 통하여 암석의 풍화도를 결정하였고, 구성암석의 강도 값을 추정하기 위하여 슈미트해머 테스트를 실시하였다. 9개 시료의 현미경 박편 관찰을 통하여 주구성광물의 부피비와 엽리의 간격을 측정하였다. 암석시료의 현미경 분석 결과에 의하면 풍화도가 낮을수록 풍화에 강한 석영성분이 많고, 풍화도가 높을수록 풍화에 약한 운모성분이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 엽리 간격이 좁을수록 강도는 낮고 풍화도는 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제62권4호
• /
• pp.467-475
• /
• 2019

Objective : There is a lack of knowledge regarding whether decompression is necessary in treating patients with epidural spinal cord compression (ESCC) grade 2. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) without decompression and conventional open surgery (palliative laminectomy) for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) spinal metastasis of ESCC grade 2. Methods : Patients with HCC spinal metastasis requiring surgery were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with ESCC grade 2, medically intractable mechanical back pain, a Nurick grade better than 3, 3-6 months of life expectancy, Tomita score ${\geq}5$, and Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score ${\geq}7$ were included. Patients with neurological deficits, other systemic illnesses and less than 1 month of life expectancy were excluded. Thirty patients were included in the study, including 17 in the open surgery group (until 2008) and 13 in the MIS group (since 2009). Results : The MIS group had a significantly shorter operative time ($94.2{\pm}48.2minutes$ vs. $162.9{\pm}52.3minutes$, p=0.001), less blood loss ($140.0{\pm}182.9mL$ vs. $1534.4{\pm}1484.2mL$, p=0.002), and less post-operative intensive care unit transfer (one patient vs. eight patients, p=0.042) than the open surgery group. The visual analogue scale for back pain at 3 months post-operation was significantly improved in the MIS group than in the open surgery group ($3.0{\pm}1.2$ vs. $4.3{\pm}1.2$, p=0.042). The MIS group had longer ambulation time ($183{\pm}33days$ vs. $166{\pm}36days$) and survival time ($216{\pm}38days$ vs. $204{\pm}43days$) than the open surgery group without significant difference (p=0.814 and 0.959, respectively). Conclusion : MIS without decompression would be a good choice for patients with HCC spinal metastasis of ESCC grade 2, especially those with limited prognosis, mechanical instability and no neurologic deficit.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.715-725
• /
• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence which the professional dental hygiene education has on the knowledge and behavioral change for oral health to the students in the departments of dental hygiene. Methods : 771 students in the first grade and 646 students in the third grade who were attending the departments of dental hygiene from 12 colleges in Korea were surveyed. The self-administered questionnaires were distributed to the students in the colleges during May and asked them to answer the questions and then recovered them on the spot. The collected questionnaires were analyzed by using a SPSS/PC program and the difference of significance depending on the group of the students was tested by Chi-square test or Fisher's exact probability test. Results : In the number of eating snacks by the students during one day, 2-3 times was the highest, irrespectively of the grade. The rate of the students brushing their teeth after snack was higher in the third-grade students(34.8%) than in the first-grade students(20.8%). As the path of acquiring oral health knowledge, all of the first-grade and third-grade students replied that their school classes had impacted them the most. The rate of toothache experience was a higher tendency in third-grade students compared to the first-grade students(p=0.116). The rate of gingival bleeding experience was lower in the third-grade students than in the first-grade students. The rate of oral prophylaxis experience was higher in the third-grade students than in the first-grade students. In the smoking rate, there was lower in the third-grade students than in the first-grade students. The rate of acknowledging smoking hazard to the periodontal health was higher in the third-grade students than in the first-grade students. Conclusions : This study revealed that the third-grade students of dental hygiene departments who were majoring in dental hygiene had a higher perception of oral health than the first-grade students whose the dental hygiene education period was short.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.80-84
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to assess the efficacy of a bioabsorbable polylactide (PLA) plate and screw for treating injuries of ankle fractures. Materials and Methods: 24 patients who underwent an open reduction and internal fixation operation for ankle fractures from July 2005 to March 2007 were enrolled into the study. There were 15 men and 9 women. The average age of the patients was 44 years and the average follow-up period was 16 years and two months (16.2 months). All cases were divided into low grade fracture patient (11) who belongs in type A and B of Danis-Weber classification and high grade fracture patient (13) who belongs in type C1, C2 of Danis-Weber classification, and each groups were analyzed by clinical (Meyer score) and radiological finding at the time of their last follow-up evaluation. Results: The clinical results according to Meyer scoring system, showed that all patient with low grade fracture had good to excellent result, but only 54% of patient with high grade fracture had good to excellent result. According to Cedell's radiologic finding, there were 91% cases above fair in low grade fracture. But there were 62% of patient above fair result in high grade fracture, the reduction losses were seen in 38% of patient with high grade fracture. Conclusion: Bioabsorbable PLA plate and screw is good internal fixation device which doesn't have additional operation for removal of implant because of slow absorption within the human body. It showed sufficient strength for acquisition and maintenance of reduction in low grade fracture, but need attention to use because of many cases of reduction loss in high grade fracture. So, it seems to be safe and effective when used in heeling of low grade fracture under considering about type of fracture sufficiently.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.59-64
• /
• 2017

Background Silicone implants are frequently used in augmentation rhinoplasty in Asians. A common complication of silicone augmentation rhinoplasty is capsular contracture. This is similar to the capsular contracture after augmentation mammoplasty, but a classification for secondary contracture after augmentation rhinoplasty with silicone implants has not yet been established, and treatment algorithms by grade or severity have yet to be developed. Methods Photographs of 695 patients who underwent augmentation rhinoplasty with a silicone implant from May 2001 to May 2015 were analyzed. The mean observation period was 11.4 months. Of the patients, 81 were male and 614 were female, with a mean age of 35.9 years. Grades were assigned according to postoperative appearance. Grade I was a natural appearance, as if an implant had not been inserted. Grade II was an unnatural lateral margin of the implant. Clearly identifiable implant deviation was classified as grade III, and short nose deformation was grade IV. Results Grade I outcomes were found in 498 patients (71.7%), grade II outcomes in 101 (14.5%), grade III outcomes in 75 (10.8%), and grade IV outcomes in 21 patients (3.0%). Revision surgery was indicated for the 13.8% of all patients who had grade III or IV outcomes. Conclusions It is important to clinically classify the deformations due to secondary contracture after surgery and to establish treatment algorithms to improve scientific communication among rhinoplasty surgeons. In this study, we suggest guidelines for the clinical classification of secondary capsular contracture after augmentation rhinoplasty, and also propose a treatment algorithm.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제38권9호
• /
• pp.822-828
• /
• 2001

Bayer process는 보오크사이트로부터 수산화알루미늄을 추출시키는 가장 일반적인 방법으로 공정 조건에 따라 수산화알루미늄의 1차 입자경, 입도분포도 및 생산효율 등이 달라지게 된다. 본 실험에서는 앞선 석출실험 결과를 기준으로 화학제품용 및 금속제련용 수산화알루미늄 제조조건을 설정하여 석출제품의 특성을 검토하였다. 그 결과 석출율은 화학제품용 원료 제조조건이 높게 나타났으며 입자크기는 화학제품용은 42∼44${\mu}$m, 금속제련용은 74∼77${\mu}$m로 금속제련용 원료 제조조건이 입자크기가 크게 나타났다. 산용해 실험결과는 화학제품용 원료가 금속제련용 원료보다 용해성이 좋게 나타났으며, 금속제련용 제품의 마모도는 상업용 금속제련용 제품에 비해 다소 떨어지는데 이러한 이유는 타사 제품에 비해 1차입자가 작가 때문인 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제55권2호
• /
• pp.101-107
• /
• 2022

Background: Spread through air spaces (STAS) has recently emerged as a prognostic factor in lung adenocarcinoma, but little is known about the association of STAS and its grade with recurrence in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). This study investigated the prognostic effect of STAS grade in NETs after curative resection. Methods: Seventy-seven patients were retrospectively reviewed, including 9 with typical carcinoid (TC), 6 with atypical carcinoid (AC), 26 with large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC), and 36 with small cell carcinoma (SCC). STAS was defined as the presence of floating tumor cells within air spaces in the lung parenchyma beyond the edge of the main tumor. STAS was classified as grade 1 or 2 depending on whether it was found within or beyond one ×10 objective lens field away from the main tumor margin, respectively. Results: Fifty-four patients (70%) had STAS, including 22% with TC, 50% with AC, 69% with LCNEC, and 86% with SCC. Patients with STAS had more nodal metastasis, lymphatic and vascular invasion, tumor necrosis, and tumor subtypes other than TC. Among STAS cases, grade 2 STAS was present in 33% of AC, 78% of LCNEC, and 87% of SCC. The 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate was 81%, 63%, and 35% in patients with no STAS, grade 1, and grade 2 STAS, respectively. Multivariate analysis found that grade 2 STAS was an independent negative prognostic factor for RFS. Conclusion: Although STAS itself was not associated with a poor prognosis, grade 2 STAS was an independent negative prognostic factor for RFS.