• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.47-68
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• 2022

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (East Java, Indonesia) are one of the businesses that drive developing nations' economies with various challenges, particularly in finance and digitalization. The impact of financial literacy and the use of digitalization can affect the recording and reporting of company performance. This is quantitative research, and the population in this research is SMEs in East Java, with 401 SMEs from various businesses for the sample used. This research uses the primary data method of SMEs in East Java with the Structural Equation Model as a data analysis tool. The results showed a significant relationship between financial literacy and financial performance, and digital literacy was based on financial performance. However, digital literacy could not moderate financial literacy with the financial performance of East Java SMEs. Much of the untapped potential in this study was adopted from financial governance and digitalization. It is hoped that the subsequent study will examine other phenomena on the variables used in the post-pandemic.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.72-80
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• 2023

Recently, in terms of the future education, the need of the software education according to the 4th industrial revolution and the need of the ESG(environmental, social and governance) education according to social requests for sustainability are increasing at the same time. There may be a number of ways to satisfy the needs at the same time. In this paper, as an effort for meaningful implementation of the future education, a case study on the ESG engineering education based on the software education for community youth was analyzed and a future development direction was suggested. This ESG engineering education deals with the development and application of the program considering terms of target, method and implementation in order to enhance its systematicity and using physical computing and upcycling methods and a collaborative education support system. To verify the education program, a survey is performed and analyzed. Through this, the basis of an software education-based ESG engineering education model was established.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.493-502
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• 2020

Traditionally, road projects are initiated based on an assessment of their economic benefit, after which the environmental, social and governance effects are addressed discretely for the project according to a set of predetermined alternatives. Sustainable road infrastructure planning is vital as issues like diminishing access to road construction supplies, water scarcity, Greenhouse Gas emissions, road-related fatalities and congestion pricing etc., have imposed severe economic, social, and environmental damages to the society. In the process of addressing these sustainability factors in the operational phase of the project, the dynamics of these factors are generally ignored. This paper argues that effective delivery of sustainable roads should consider such dynamics and highlights how different aspects of sustainability have the potential to affect project sustainability. The paper initially presents the different sustainability-assessment tools that have been developed to determine the sustainability performance of road projects and discuss the inability of these tools to model the interrelationships among sustainability-related factors. The paper then argues the need for a new assessment framework that facilitates modelling these dynamics at the macro-level (system level) and helping policymakers for sustainable infrastructure planning through evaluating regulatory policies.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.87-115
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• 2004

During the last decade the co - management concept has gained increasing acceptance as a potential way forward to improve fisheries management performance. It has, however, at the same time become increasingly evident that the co - management concept is not clearly defined and means very different things to different people. In this article, we attempt to development of self regulatory management model of coastal fisheries in Korea, and to present a more comprehensive understanding of fisheries co - management and community - based fisheries management and to summarise the experiences with both the positive outcomes and the problems in actual implementation. The Korean style of fisheries co - management system such as a fisheries self - governance ＆ self - management system has been become a way to activate social processes and involve fishers in Korea coastal fisheries management. As results of this study, the policy recommendation to improve the effectiveness of implementation of this system are summarized. For the effective implementation of this system, some of the supplementary developments are needed as fellows. \circled1 establishment of communities on regional basis. \circled2 establishment of communities consist of coastal fishermen. \circled3 establishment of boundary in coastal fishery. \circled4 reinforcement of government indirect support systems

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.833-843
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• 2021

This research examines the impact of audit quality on the extent to which firm-specific information is integrated with a firm's share price - which is determined inversely using stock price synchronicity. The study sample consists of non-financial companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange i.e., the Jordanian Stock Market, from 2014-2018. After examining 810 firm-year observations from Jordanian industrial companies listed on the ASE, during the study period, we find that the companies using one of the BIG4 audit firms for auditing have less synchronous and more informative stock prices, suggesting high-quality audit improved governance and reduce information asymmetry between firms' insiders and investors which enhances the capitalization of firm's specific information into the stock price, thus less synchronous and more informative stock return. The findings remain consistent over 2 separate measurements of stock price synchronicity (Market and Industry model and Market Model) and show robustness for fixed effect tests. Our multivariate regression results are also robust after controlling for a number of features at the firm level with potential associations with stock price synchronicity. These include the firm size, leverage, return on assets (ROA), and market to book value (MBV).

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12spc
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• pp.399-408
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• 2021

Information security reports four types of basic attacks on information. One of the attacks is named as fabrication. Even though mobile devices and applications are showing its maturity in terms of performance, security and ubiquity, location-based applications still faces challenges of quality of service, privacy, integrity, authentication among mobile devices and hence mobile users associated with the devices. There is always a continued fear as how location information of users or IoT appliances is used by third party LB Service providers. Even adversary or malicious attackers get hold of location information in transit or fraudulently hold this information. In this paper, location information fabrication scenarios are presented after knowing basic model of information attacks. Peer-to-Peer broadcast model of location privacy is proposed. This document contains introduction to fabrication, solutions to such threats, management of fabrication mitigation in collaborative or peer to peer location privacy and its cost analysis. There are various infrastructure components in Location Based Services such as Governance Server, Point of interest POI repository, POI service, End users, Intruders etc. Various algorithms are presented and analyzed for fabrication management, integrity, and authentication. Moreover, anti-fabrication mechanism is devised in the presence of trust. Over cost analysis is done for anti-fabrication management due to nature of various cryptographic combinations.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.637-649
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• 2022

Investors aim to increase their profitability by investing in the stock market. An adroit strategy for minimizing related risk lies through diversifying portfolio operationalization. In this paper, we propose a six-step stocks portfolio selection model. This model is based on data mining clustering techniques that reflect the ensuing impact of the political, economic, legal, and corporate governance in Mongolia. As a dataset, we have selected stock exchange trading price, financial statements, and operational reports of top-20 highly capitalized stocks that were traded at the Mongolian Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2017. In order to cluster the stock returns and risks, we have used k-means clustering techniques. We have combined both k-means clustering with Markowitz's portfolio theory to create an optimal and efficient portfolio. We constructed an efficient frontier, creating 15 portfolios, and computed the weight of stocks in each portfolio. From these portfolio options, the investor is given a choice to choose any one option.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.203-214
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• 2024

This study seeks to provide implications for domestic-related policies through exploratory analysis research to support AI-based policy decision-making. The following should be considered when establishing an AI-based decision-making model in Korea. First, we need to understand the impact that the use of AI will have on policy and the service sector. The positive and negative impacts of AI use need to be better understood, guided by a public value perspective, and take into account the existence of different levels of governance and interests across public policy and service sectors. Second, reliability is essential for implementing innovative AI systems. In most organizations today, comprehensive AI model frameworks to enable and operationalize trust, accountability, and transparency are often insufficient or absent, with limited access to effective guidance, key practices, or government regulations. Third, the AI system is accountable. The OECD AI Principles set out five value-based principles for responsible management of trustworthy AI: inclusive growth, sustainable development and wellbeing, human-centered values and fairness values and fairness, transparency and explainability, robustness, security and safety, and accountability. Based on this, we need to build an AI-based decision-making system in Korea, and efforts should be made to build a system that can support policies by reflecting this. The limiting factor of this study is that it is an exploratory study of existing research data, and we would like to suggest future research plans by collecting opinions from experts in related fields. The expected effect of this study is analytical research on artificial intelligence-based decision-making systems, which will contribute to policy establishment and research in related fields.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.131-144
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• 2020

Political connection are widespread in many countries and are a hot topic in economic research right now. In China, companies are actively forming political connections in several ways. Based on the research model and theoretical analysis, this thesis puts forward the research hypothesis and constructs the research model of political connections and corporate performance using the financial data and corporate governance data of China A-share listed real estate companies in 2010-2014. The thesis mainly analyzes the political association of CEO. For the analysis result, this research uses the univariate regression analysis and multivariate analysis to carry out the robustness test. The empirical study analysis includes three parts: firstly, in Chinese listed real estate enterprises, CEO political connection has a significantly negative correlation with corporate performance. It means real estate enterprises whose CEO has political connections gain a lower performance than other enterprises; Secondly, from the personal characteristics of the CEO, age, sex and education level have positive relationship with the performance of the enterprise, the additional post situation negatively related to the firm's performance; Finally, the firm's scale liquidity ratio and capital asset rario have a negative relationship with corporate performance, and the number of top managers is positively related to corporate performance. This research made a study on the political connection in Chinese real estate industry, which could also provide beneficial references for the development of enterprises in this industry.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.21-32
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• 2017

Motivated by the recent cases of negligent social responsibility as manifested by foreign luxury fashion brands in Korea, this study investigates whether agency costs depend on the sustainability of different types of corporate governance. Agency costs refer either to vertical costs arising from the relationship between stockholders and managers, or to horizontal costs associated with the potential conflicts between majority and minority stockholders. The firms with luxury fashion brand could spend large sums of money on maintenance of magnificent brand image, thereby increasing the agency cost. On the contrary, the firms may hold down wasteful spending to report a gaudily financial achievement. This results in mitigation of the agency cost. Agency costs are measured by the value of the principal component. First, three ratios are constructed: asset turnover, operating expense to sales, and earnings before interest, tax, and depreciation. Then, the scores of each of these ratios for individual firms in the sample are differenced from the ratios for the benchmark firm of S-OIL. S-OIL was designated as the best superior governance model firm for 2013 by CGS. We perform regression analysis of each agency cost index, luxury fashion brand dummy and a set of control variables. The regression results indicate that the agency costs of the firms with luxury fashion brand exceed those of control group in the fashion industry in the part of operating expenses, but the agency cost falls short of those of control group in the part of EBITD, thus the aggregate agency costs are not differential of those of the control group. In sensitivity test, the results are same that the agency cost of the firms are higher than those of the matching control group with PSM(propensity matching method). These results are corroborated by an additional analysis comparing the group of the companies with the best brands with the control group. The results raise doubts about the effectiveness of management of the firms with luxury fashion brand. This study has a limitation that the research has performed only for 2013 and this paper suggests that there is room for improvement in the current research methodology.