• 영어어문교육
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.205-225
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• 2003

This study attempts to survey the moral growth through prison motif. Malamud deals with the theme of suffering deeply. To learn love accompanied by suffering is the way to be moral and therefore suffering becomes Malamud's main concern. The hardship from suffering and love by trial leads Frank and Yakov to guest of selves. Through this their erotic impulses are changed into caritas. Malamud portrays Frank as a schlemiel. Like Malamud's other heroes he is also born to suffering, conditioned by it, and ultimately finds the meaning of his life in learning to deal with it. At last he carries the burden of supporting Helen and Ida. As a result, Frank becomes a social failure but a moral success as traditional American Adam. The prison motif is a rather strong function of setting symbolism in The Fixer. Yakov is imprisoned for a heinous crime that he did not commit. Yakov experiences hard physical and spiritual pains in prison for two and half years. His bitter suffering has matured him, changed him into a man with love, sacrifice and responsibility for others. At last he returns a true Jew and good man with perfect spirit.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.588-600
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test a model of nursing competencies of nursing simulation learners. The conceptual model was based on the theory of Jeffries's simulaton theory. Methods: Data collection was conducted in October 2017 for 310 students from two nursing universities in Kyungbuk area for 20 days. Data analysis methods were covariance structure analysis using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 22.0 statistical programs. Results: The hypothetical model was a good fit for the data. The model fit indices were comparative fit index=.97, normed fit index=.94, Tucker-Lewis Index=.97, root mean square error of approximation=.44, and standardized root mean square residual=.04. Teacher factors were directly related to simulation design characteristics, and it was confirmed that the curriculum, classroom operation and teaching method of the instructors were important factors. Learner factors were found to have a direct effect on nursing competence, self-confidence, and clinical performance that belong to nursing capacity. In particular, the results of this study indicate that the simulation design characteristics have a partial mediating effect on learner factors and clinical performance, and a complete mediating effect on learner factors and clinical judgment ability. Conclusion: In order to improve the learner's clinical performance and clinical judgment ability, it is necessary to conduct practical training through nursing simulation besides preparing the learner and the educator.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.199-210
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• 2012

The recent researches on the automatic berthing control problems have used various kinds of tools as a control method such as expert system, fuzzy logic controllers and artificial neural network (ANN). Among them, ANN has proved to be one of the most effective and attractive options. In a marine context, the berthing maneuver is a complicated procedure in which both human experience and intensive control operations are involved. Nowadays, in most cases of berthing operation, auxiliary devices are used to make the schedule safer and faster but none of above researches has taken into account. In this study, ANN is applied to design the controllers for automatic ship berthing using assistant devices such as bow thruster and tug. Using back-propagation algorithm, we trained ANN with set of teaching data to get a minimal error between output values and desired values of four control outputs including rudder, propeller revolution, bow thruster and tug. Then, computer simulations of automatic berthing were carried out to verify the effectiveness of the system. The results of the simulations showed good performance for the proposed berthing control system.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.127-136
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• 2002

현행 실업계 고등학교에서의 디자인 교육은 실용적 기능이나 일반기업에서 필요로 하는 디자인의 요구와 조건에 부응하지 못하고 기능수준이 산업현장의 그것에 미치지 못해 기업으로부터 외면 받고 있다. 말하자면, 실업계 고등학교는 현장에 충실한 교육이 이루어져야 하는 동시에, 다양한 응용력을 필요로 하는 산업 현장에 부합한 교육이 요구되나 이를 학교수업만으로는 따라가지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국내 산업체에서 가장 많이 선호되어지고 정보화 시대 실업계 디자인과 학생들의 교육에 필수적인 웹 디자인 과정을 중심으로 하여 실질적으로 도움이 될 수 있는 특별 교육 프로그램을 개발하고자 하였다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.455-469
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• 2012

Given the importance of mathematical connections in instruction, this paper analyzed the objects and the methods of mathematical connections according to the lesson flow featured in 20 elementary lessons selected as effective instructional methods by local educational offices in Korea. Mathematical connections tended to occur mainly in the introduction, the first activity, and the sum-up period of each lesson. The connection between mathematical concept and procedure was the most popular followed by the connection between concept and real-life context. The most prevalent method of mathematical connections was through communication, specifically the communication between the teacher and students, followed by representation. Overall it seems that the objects and the methods of mathematical connections were diverse and prevalent, but the detailed analysis of such cases showed the lack of meaningful connection. These results urge us to investigate reasons behind these seemingly good features but not-enough connections, and to suggest implications for well-connected mathematics teaching.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.46-53
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to explore the structure of nursing needs during labor pain as perceived by women who have given birth. The phenomenological perspective of qualitative research theory guided the approach to the study. The sample consisted of 20 women who had undergone normal labor and had delivered a healthy baby at term. Collection of data was by means of in-depth interviews conducted 1-2 days after delivery in the admission room from March to may 1998. On average, the interviews lasted for about 30 minutes. Interviews were taken with the consent of the subjects. Data were analyzed by means of Giorgi's method and categorized according to the similarities of their contents. The investigator read the data repeatedly to identify themes and categories. Four categories were : 1) a sense of security 2) self esteem 3) willingness to learn 4) a sense of comfort. Under these categories there were twelve themes. I. A sense of security : (a) presence (b) conversation (c) touching II. Self esteem : (a) praise (b) encouragement (c) treating the women with respect (d) caregiver with good character III. Willingness to learn : (a) teaching (b) information IV. A sense of comfort : (a) self controlled pain relief (b) artificially controlled pain relief (c) skillfulness of caregiver The findings should sensitize nurses to the various needs of women in labor who are under their care. Further research should focus on developing instruments to assess the nursing needs of parturients. Researchers also need to identify ways to assess women's satisfaction with nursing needs.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to determine the level of environmental governance practices of Local Government Units (LGUs) on the implementation of waste policies. It determines the level of compliance with the waste policies implemented by LGUs particularly on waste resource conservation and waste reduction; the degree of the implementation of the environmental governance on education, values, health, and economic sufficiency. Also, it determines the initiatives done by the local government units to decentralize the leadership on waste sustainability. Research Methodology: The survey method was employed to gather information from municipalities and cities on waste programs implemented by the local government units. The data were gathered from households, schools, businesses and industries; and local government units. Results and Conclusions: The findings revealed that the level of environmental governance on waste reduction and waste resource conservation was fairly implemented by the local government units. The LGUs used the four areas of governance to keep the municipality self-sufficient, well-managed, and free from waste issues. The research can be used by the academe as a good teaching material for social responsibility, public administration, strategic management, and environmental-related courses.

• 실천공학교육논문지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.139-148
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• 2017

사물과 컴퓨터의 연결이 쉬워지면서 피지컬 컴퓨팅을 활용한 학습은 초보자들을 대상으로 하는 프로그래밍 교육에 있어 제기되는 문제점들을 보완하기 위한 좋은 대안으로 제시되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 초보자들을 위한 기초 프로그래밍 강좌에 적용할 수 있는 교육방법을 제안한다. 이를 위해, 피지컬 컴퓨팅 방식으로 기초 프로그래밍 강의를 진행한다. 현재 피지컬 컴퓨팅 강좌들은 대부분 다양한 입력 센서 연결방법과 출력장치 제어에 초점이 맞추어져 있다. 그러나, 피지컬 컴퓨팅 재료들을 이용한 프로그래밍 교육 내용은 그 사례가 부족하다. 이에 본 논문에서는 피지컬 컴퓨팅에 사용되는 저가의 재료들을 이용하여, 프로그래밍 교육에 활용한 교육 방법을 제안하고 시험하였다.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2019

In a variety of fields, highly developed technology is being combined to create a lot of value. In order to keep up with this global trend, the Ministry of Education, which is in charge of national education, continuously develops and applies content for creative education to textbooks. The continuous development of content for creative education is not only related to national interests, but also to the continued development of mankind. Today, the succession and development of human knowledge is in charge of the education system. Research into an effective educational system is necessary for effective succession of rapidly developing science and technology and building up technical personnel with such skills. In particular, the computer science field is faster in development than other scientific fields and has accumulated many technologies, indicating that it takes a lot of time and good teaching to foster talent that can effectively utilize the technology. In this paper, elementary school subjects were analyzed to achieve the purpose of cultivating talent in the field of computer science. In addition, we have investigated techniques related to computer programming learning not covered in elementary school subjects. So we developed content that students need to practice. Next, we taught the content to randomly selected elementary school students and assessed their educational effectiveness. As a result of training using the content we developed, 55.37% increased academic performance.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.66-80
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• 2021

This study is a case study that applies plant classification learning using machine learning to fourth graders in elementary school in online learning situations. In this study, a plant classification learning education program associated with 2015 revision science curriculum was developed by applying the Artificial Intelligence biological classification teaching Learning model. The study participants were 31 fourth graders who agreed to participate voluntarily. Plant classification learning using machine learning was applied six hours for three weeks. The results of this study are as follows. First, as a result of image analysis on artificial intelligence, participants were mainly aware of artificial intelligence as mechanical (27%), human (23%) and household goods (23%). Second, an artificial intelligence recognition survey by semantic discrimination found that artificial intelligence was recognized as smart, good, accurate, new, interesting, necessary, and diverse. Third, there was a difference between men and women in perception and emotion of artificial intelligence, and there was no difference in perception of the ability of artificial intelligence. Fourth, plant classification learning using machine learning in this study influenced changes in artificial intelligence perception. Fifth, plant classification learning using machine learning in this study had a positive effect on reasoning ability.