• 한국양식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국양식학회 2004년도 수산관련학회 공동학술대회 발표요지집
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• pp.513-513
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• 2004

Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, is commercially and ecologically important marine bivalve in Korea and japan. However, clam landings in the two countries have dramatically declined since the 1980-1990's. In the present study, the protozoan parasite, Perkinsus sp., lectin (host's defense-related glycoprotein) and histopathological features were investigated in Manila clams collected from Gomso Bay in Korea and Ariake Bay in japan (one of the largest clam beds in each country) during summer and fall, 2002-2003. DNA sequences of non-transcribe spacer (NTS), internal transcribed space. (ITS) and 5.85 rRNA of Perkinsus sp. were identical to those of P. atlanticus that was reported in Europe and Korea. For diagnosis of Perkinsus, the fluid thioglycollate medium (FTM) and the 2 M NaOH lysis methods were used. Prevalence of the parasite varied from 92.5-98.7% in Gomso Bay and 35.5-37.9% in Ariake Bay. Infection intensity, in terms of the number of Perkinsuscells per gram tissue wet weight, in the clams of Gomso Bay in fall 2002 averaged 1,010,077-470,937 recording approximately100 times higher than that of Ariake Bay, and these were twice higher than those of summer samples in each location. Mean hemagglutination titer of the clams from Gomso Bay was approximately 60-folds higher than that of clams from Ariake Bay in 2002. In histological preparation of the clams from Gomso Bay in 2002, trophozoites of P. atlanticus were in groups and resulted in severe inflammatory response of host clam. Prevalence of the trematod, Cercaria tapes-like in the clams of Gomso Bay and Ariake Bay were 8.8 % and 10.5% respectively. In conclusion, the clams from Gomso Bay showed more severe pathologic symptoms and higher immune response than those of the clams from Ariake Bay.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.221-227
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• 2013

In total, 131 Escherichia coli isolates from surface seawater of the Gomso Bay, of Korea, were analyzed for their susceptibility to 22 different antimicrobials and for genes associated with antimicrobial resistance and virulence. According to the disk diffusion susceptibility test, the resistance to tetracycline was most prevalent (33.6%), followed by that to ampicillin (22.1%), ticarcillin (22.1%), and trimethoprim (16.8%). More than 46.6% of the isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial, and 22.9% were resistant to three or more classes of antimicrobials; these were consequently defined as multidrug resistant. We further found that 29 ampicillin-resistant isolates possessed genes encoding TEM-type (93.1%) and SHV-type (6.9%) ${\beta}$-lactamases. Among the 44 tetracycline-resistant isolates, tetA and tetC were found in 35 (79.5%) and 19 (43.2%), respectively, whereas tetB was detected in only three isolates (6.8%). With regard to virulence genes, merely 0.8% (n = 1) and 2.3% (n = 3) of the isolates were positive for the enteroaggregative E. coli-associated plasmid (pCVD432) gene and the enteropathogenic E. coli-specific attaching and effacing (eae) gene, respectively. Overall, these results not only provide novel insight into the necessity for seawater sanitation in Gomso Bay, but they help reduce the risk of contamination of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.555-563
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• 2015

Organic matter and trace metals were investigated in surface sediments of Gomso Bay, where there is dense Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum farming activity, to evaluate contamination of sediments in intertidal shellfish farming area. We measured mean grain size (Mz), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ignition loss (IL), acid volatile sulfide (AVS), total organic carbon (TOC), and total nitrogen (TN), and trace metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb and Zn) in intertidal and sublittoral sediments. The intertidal sediments were mainly composed of coarser sediments (sand, silty sand, and sandy silt), with Mz values ranging from 2.61 to 4.79 Ø. Mz and the content of organic matter in sediments were lower in the intertidal zone than in the sublittoral zone. The mean metal concentrations in surface sediments decreased in the order Fe > Mn > Zn > Cr > Pb > Cu > As > Cd > Hg. The metal concentrations in surface sediments showed a significant positive correlation with Mz and organic matter content, indicating that metal concentrations in the surface sediments of Gomso Bay are controlled by Mz and organic matter. The concentrations of organic matter and trace metals in the study region were lower than or similar to those in other intertidal zones in western coast and much lower than those reported in other shellfish farming areas in Korea. Our results suggest that intertidal Manila clam farming sediments from Gomso Bay are not contaminated by organic matter and trace metals.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.108-115
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• 2002

To Investigate the distribution of resting eggs at the intertidal zone, Gomso Bay, samples were taken from the top of the sediments to 10 cm depth at four sites using a cylindrical corer in February, 1997. Additional samples were also taken from one station at subtidal zone to compare the distributions between the inter- and subtidal zones. The resting eggs of few copepods, Acartia pacifica, Centropages abdominalis, Calanopia thompsoni, and Tortanus forcipatus were studied. Mostly, the abundance of the resting eggs in the lower intertidal zone was greater than that in the upper intertidal zone, but was not significantly different from that in the subtidal zone. The abundance of the resting eggs in the intertidal sediments was related with the grain-size and moisture content of sediments. Intertidal sediments are potential egg banks like subtidal sediments.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.552-561
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• 2023

한반도 중부 서해안의 곰소만에서 조하대의 수심측량과 갯벌의 고도측량을 통해 곰소만의 해저지형을 조사하였다. 곰소만은 80%의 갯벌과 20%의 조하대로 구성되며, 만의 중앙부를 가르는 주진천 하구수로에 의해 외만과 내만으로 나뉜다. 외만 갯벌은 조류로가 거의 없고, 지형단면이 위로 오목하며, 쉐니어와 조간대사주가 발달하는 특징을 보여 파랑의 영향을 받는 경사가 완만한 침식해빈의 모습과 유사하다. 내만 갯벌은 고도가 높아 상부갯벌과 중부갯벌이 넓고, 조류로 시스템이 잘 발달하며, 조류로 사이의 지형단면이 위로 볼록한 특징을 보여 조석과 조류로 작용이 활발한 퇴적 우세 환경임을 나타낸다. 곰소만 갯벌에서 1981년과 2018년 사이의 등수심선 변화를 조사하여 갯벌환경의 수평적 이동을 분석한 결과, 곰소만 갯벌환경이 점차 내만 쪽(육지 방향)으로 후퇴한 것으로 나타났다. 곰소만의 수심 변화가 침식 및 퇴적에 따른 해저의 고도 변화와 해수면 변화(1.49mm/y)에 기인한 것으로 가정하고 곰소만의 침·퇴적 특성을 분석한 결과, 지난 37년(1981-2018) 동안 외만에서는 평균 1cm가 침식되었고(0mm/y), 내만에서는 평균 50cm가 퇴적되었다(14mm/y). 특히 작은 침식이 일어난 외만 갯벌에서는 상부갯벌이 크게 침식되었는데, 이곳 해안을 모니터링한 사진들은 외만의 상부갯벌 침식이 대부분 1999년을 전후로 몇 년 사이(1997-2002)에 발생하였고, 주로 해안사구와 고조선해빈의 침식에 의해 이루어졌음을 보여주었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.567-575
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• 2017

To understand the geochemical characteristics of Gomso Bay, which features extensive Manila clam, we measured various geochemical parameters, organic matter, and trace metals (Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr, Hg, As and Fe) of intertidal and subtidal surface sediments in 2011. The surface sediments consisted of sedimentary facies including gravel (0.21%), sand (61.1%), silt (32.1%), and clay (6.5%). The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and acid volatile sulfide (AVS) values in most areas were below sediment quality criteria (COD, $20mg/g{\cdot}dry$; AVS, $0.2mg/g{\cdot}dry$). Trace metals in the surface sediments were below pollution thresholds, except for As (morderately polluted). Sediment quality was evaluated using the trace metal pollution load index (PLI) and ecological risk index (ERI), which showed that sediments were generally not polluted and at low risk; however, values along the outer bay were higher. We expect these results will be valuable for sustainable aquaculture prodution and environmental management in Gomso Bay.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2018년도 공동국제학술발표회
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• pp.204-204
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• 2018

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.869-877
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• 2017

최근 전북 지역은 바지락 생산량이 감소하여 2015년에 전국 생산량의 17.8 %를 차지한 반면, 충남 지역은 점차 증가하여 49.1 %를 차지하였다. 갯벌은 다양한 저서생물이 서식하고 있고, 조석에 의해 물질이 유출 입되는 특성이 있기 때문에 만의 특성을 고려한 물질 수지를 이해하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 2015년 5월과 8월에 곰소만과 근소만의 바지락 어장 지역과 외해지역의 차이를 비교하기 위해 3개의 해역(Sector I, Sector II, Control)으로 구분하고, LOICZ Model을 이용하여 물질수지를 산정하였다. 분석결과 바지락 성장이 활발한 5월에 바지락 양식장이 밀집한 곰소만과 근소만 Sector II의 DIP는 각각 -207.2 kg/day와 77.2 kg/day로 나타났고, DIN은 -4,996.7 kg/day와 926.6 kg/day로 나타났다. 주로 양식생물의 섭식작용에 큰 원인으로 보이며, 근소만보다 곰소만에서 바지락 밀식이 이루어지는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 건강한 갯벌 생태계 유지와 지속적인 바지락 생산을 위해서는 밀식을 저감하기 위한 지속적인 관리가 필요하다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.800-806
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• 2016

In total, 151 Escherichia coli isolates from Ruditapes philippinarum in Gomso Bay were analyzed for their susceptibility to 18 different antimicrobial agents and for genes associated with virulence. For virulence genes, each strain of the isolates was positive for the enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)-specific heat-stable toxin (estA), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)-specific invasion-associated locus (iaa) gene and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)-specific attaching and effacing (eae) gene. According to a disk diffusion susceptibility test, resistance to ampicillin was most prevalent (23.2%), followed by resistance to amoxicillin (22.5%), ticarcillin (20.5%), tetracycline (18.5%), nalidixic acid (12.6%), ciprofloxacin (10.6%), streptomycin (9.9%), and chloramphenicol (6.6%). More than 35.8% of the isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent, and 19.9% were resistant to four or more classes of antimicrobials; these were consequently defined as multidrug resistant. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges for the antimicrobial resistance of the 15 different antimicrobial agents of 54 E. coli strains were confirmed by varying the concentrations from $32-2,048{\mu}g/mL$. Overall, these results not only provide novel insights into the necessity for seawater and R. philippinarum sanitation in Gomso Bay but they also help to reduce the risk of contamination by antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.625-630
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• 2019

The pathogenic Vibrio genus contains halophilic bacteria that are distributed in marine and freshwater environments. Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio vulnificus, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus are potent human pathogens and leading causes of septicemia, wound infection, and seafood-borne gastroenteritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of pathogenic Vibrio species in seawater off the west coast of Korea. Sixty-four seawater samples were obtained from different sites in Gomso Bay and Byeonsan from April 2018 to November 2018. Pathogenic Vibrio species were detected using a combination of most probable number (MPN)-polymerase chain reaction methods. V. cholerae, V. vulnificus, and V. parahaemolyticus were found in 0.0%, 20.3%, and 65.6% of seawater samples, respectively. Quantitative results revealed 3.6-23 MPN/100 mL of V. vulnificus, and 3.6-930 MPN/100 mL of V. parahaemolyticus in the samples. Overall, these results provide new insight into the necessity for seawater sanitation in Gomso Bay and Byunsan; they also provide evidence that will help reduce outbreaks of seafood-borne illness caused by pathogenic Vibrio species.