• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
• /
• pp.1513-1513
• /
• 2001

Present Food Legislation compels dairy industry to carry out analyses in order to guarantee the food safety and quality of products. Furthermore, in many cases industry pays milk according to bacteriological or/and nutritional quality. In order to do these analyses, several expensive instruments are needed (Milkoscan, Fossomatic, Bactoscan). NIRS technology Provides a unique instrument to deal with all analytical requirements. It offers as main advantages its speed and, specially, its versatility, since not only allows determine all the parameters required in milk analysis, but also allows analyse other dairy products, like cheese or whey. The objective of this study is to develop NIRS calibration equations to predict several quality parameters in goat milk, cheese and whey. Three sets of 123 milk samples, 190 cheese samples and 109 whey samples, have been analysed in a FOSS NIR Systems 6500 I spectrophotometer equipped with a spinning module. Milk and whey were analysed by folded transmission, using circular cells with gold surface and pathlength of 0.1 m, while intact cheese was analysed by reflectance using standard circular cells. NIRS calibrations were obtained for the prediction of chemical composition in goat milk, for fat (r$^2$=0.92; SECV=0.20%), total solids (r$^2$=0.95: SECV=0.22%), protein (r$^2$=0.94; SECV=0.07%), casein (r$^2$=0.93; SECV=0.07%) and lactose (r$^2$=0.89; SECV=0.05%). Moreover, equations have been performed to determine somatic cells (r$^2$=0.81; SECV=276.89%) and total bacteria (r$^2$=0.58; SECV=499.32%) counts in goat milk. In the case of cheese, calibrations were obtained for the prediction of fat (r$^2$=0.92; SECV=0.57), total solids (r$^2$=0.80; SECV=0.92%) and protein (r$^2$=0.70; SECV=0.63%). In whey, fat (r$^2$=0.66; SECV=0.08%), total solids (r$^2$=0.67; SECV=0.19%) and protein (r$^2$=0.76; SECV=0.07%) NIRS equations were obtained. These results proved the viability of NIRS technology to predict chemical and microbiological parameters and somatic cells count in goat milk, as well as chemical composition of goat cheese and whey.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
• /
• 제38권6호
• /
• pp.551-556
• /
• 2023

본 연구는 in vtiro 상에서 부위별 염소고기 열수 추출물의 항산화 활성을 측정하고 추출물 처리에 따른 암세포 주의 세포자멸사 관련 단백질 발현 수준의 변화를 확인하였다. 부위별 염소고기 열수 추출물의 경우, 앞다리, 뒷다리, 등심 및 갈비 부위의 분할육으로 제조하였다. 제조된 열수추출물 중 앞다리와 뒷다리 부위 추출물의 ABTS 라디칼 소거능이 다른 두 부위 추출물보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). BAX, p53, p21의 단백질 발현량은 부위에 따른 염소고기 열수추출물 처리 시 AGS 세포주 및 HT-29 세포주에서 모두 비슷한 수준으로 나타났다. 단지, 등심 부위 열수 추출물 처리 시 HT-29 세포주의 p53 발현량이 대조군과 비교하여 유의적으로 높았다(P<0.05). 본 연구 결과는 염소고기 열수 추출물의 항산화 활성 및 일부 세포자멸사 관련 단백질 발현량 변화가 부위에 따라 다르게 나타남을 보이고 있으나 본 결과는 in vitro에서만 수행된 것으로써 결과의 적용 또는 일반화에 한계가 있기 때문에 in vivo에서 후속 연구가 필요하다.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• 제37권7호
• /
• pp.1168-1176
• /
• 2024

Objective: As a charismatic species, cashmere goats have rich genetic resources. In the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, there are three cashmere goat varieties named and approved by the state. These goats are renowned for their high cashmere production and superior cashmere quality. Therefore, it is vitally important to protect their genetic resources as they will serve as breeding material for developing new varieties in the future. Methods: Three breeds including Inner Mongolia cashmere goats (IMCG), Hanshan White cashmere goats (HS), and Ujimqin white cashmere goats (WZMQ) were studied. IMCG were of three types: Aerbas (AEBS), Erlangshan (ELS), and Alashan (ALS). Nine DNA samples were collected for each population, and they were genomically re-sequenced to obtain high-depth data. The genetic diversity parameters of each population were estimated to determine selection intensity. Principal component analysis, phylogenetic tree construction and genetic differentiation parameter estimation were performed to determine genetic relationships among populations. Results: Samples from the 45 individuals from the five goat populations were sequenced, and 30,601,671 raw single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) obtained. Then, variant calling was conducted using the reference genome, and 17,214,526 SNPs were retained after quality control. Individual sequencing depth of individuals ranged from 21.13× to 46.18×, with an average of 28.5×. In the AEBS, locus polymorphism (79.28) and expected heterozygosity (0.2554) proportions were the lowest, and the homologous consistency ratio (0.1021) and average inbreeding coefficient (0.1348) were the highest, indicating that this population had strong selection intensity. Conversely, ALS and WZMQ selection intensity was relatively low. Genetic distance between HS and the other four populations was relatively high, and genetic exchange existed among the other four populations. Conclusion: The Inner Mongolia cashmere goat (AEBS type) population has a relatively high selection intensity and a low genetic diversity. The IMCG (ALS type) and WZMQ populations had relatively low selection intensity and high genetic diversity. The genetic distance between HS and the other four populations was relatively high, with a moderate degree of differentiation. Overall, these genetic variations provide a solid foundation for resource identification of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region cashmere goats in the future.

• 대한수의사회지
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.13-23
• /
• 1962

It is Known that the Pentothal Sodium(P.S.) is the Ultrashortating Anesthesic and it is Reported that this is one of the Appropriate Medicine Without any harm to the body function of the goat(1.10) But an added injection is wanted when anesthesia more tha

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.123-126
• /
• 1975

By means of vinylite-corrosion technique, the distribution of the portal vein within the liver in 50 Korean native goats was observed. The portal vein consists of the following principal branches; Truncus sinister vanae portae et dexter, Pars transversa trunci sinistri, Pars umbilicalis trunci sinistri, Ramus lateralis lobi sinistri, Ramus medialis lobi sinistri, Ramus medialis lobi dextri, Ramus lateralis lobi dextri, Ramus dorsolateralis, Ramus caudatorum. In the goat Pars transversa trunci dexter could not be recognized.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국동물번식학회 2002년도 춘계학술발표대회 발표논문초록집
• /
• pp.8-8
• /
• 2002

Goats have long history in Korea. But because of small holding, is there no systematic development for breeding and reproduction. The most of goats in Korea have some typical problems, which gradually appeared through inbreeding. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of hormonal treatment on estrus synchronisation in non-breeding seasons and to estimate economical aspects of caprine embryo transfer. Otherwise we would like to develop a suitable practical method of field embryo transfer, in order to obtain the more basical breeding materials for high-performance goat. (omitted)

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.197-200
• /
• 1976

By employing the vinylite corrosion technique, the distribution of the hepatic vein within the liver in 50 Korean native goats was observed. 1. In 50 vinylite casts, the principal branches of hepatic vein are Vena hepatica sinistra, Vena hepatica sinistra et medialis, Vena heapati dextralateralis et medialis, Vena hepatica caudatorum, Vena hepatica dorsolateralits: three chief branches are Vena hepatica sinistra, Vena hepatica dextra, Vena hepatica caudatorum. 2. In the liver of Korean goat are recognized three lobes, i.e. Lobus sinister, Lobus dexter and Lobus caudate.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.62-65
• /
• 1985

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of progesterone on the oxygen consumption of washed goat spermatozoa. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. Progesterone significantly depressed the respilation of the spermatozoa. 2. Caffeine and Di-cAMP greatly increased the oxygen consumption of the spermatozoa. 3. Caffeine plus progesterone and Di-cAMP plus progesterone significantly depressed the oxygen uptake of the cells. 4. There is some indication of a relationship between progesterone and its interference with metabolic behavior of sperm.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제50권1호
• /
• pp.63-67
• /
• 2012

Congenital $Neospora$ $caninum$ infection was diagnosed in two Saanen goat kids from two distinct herds with a history of abortion and weak newborn goat kids in the Southern region of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The first kid was weak at birth, had difficulty to rise and was unable to nurse. Gross lesions of porencephaly and hydrocephalus ex vacuo were seen. Multifocal necrosis, gliosis and non-supurative encephalitis were observed in the brain. Several parasitic cysts with a thick wall that reacted strongly only with polyclonal antiserum to $Neospora$ $caninum$ were seen in the cerebral cortex, brain stem and cerebellum. The second kid was born from a $Neospora$ $caninum$ seropositive mother that aborted in the last pregnancy. It was born without clinical signs. The diagnosis of neosporosis was based on antibody titer of 1:800 to $N.$ $caninum$ by indirect fluorescence antibody test obtained from blood collected before the goat kid ingested the colostrum and $Neospora$ $caninum$ DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced from placenta. This is the first report of neosporosis in goats in the southeast region of Brazil.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.702-708
• /
• 2016

Aloe vera has been used worldwide for pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries due to its wide biological activities. However, quality improvement of low fat meat products and their acceptability with added Aloe vera gel (AVG) is scanty. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of using fresh AVG on physicochemical, textural, sensory and nutritive qualities of goat meat nuggets. The products were prepared with 0%, 2.5%, and 5% fresh AVG replacing goat meat and were analyzed for proximate composition, physicochemical and textural properties, fatty acid profile and sensory parameters. Changes in lipid oxidation and microbial growth of nuggets were also evaluated over 9 days of refrigerated storage. The results showed that AVG significantly (p<0.05) decreased the pH value and protein content of meat emulsion and nuggets. Product yield was affected at 5% level of gel. Addition of AVG in the formulation significantly affected the values of texture profile analysis. The AVG reduced the lipid oxidation and microbial growth in nuggets during storage. Sensory panelists preferred nuggets with 2.5% AVG over nuggets with 5% AVG. Therefore, AVG up to 2.5% level could be used for quality improvement in goat meat nuggets without affecting its sensorial, textural and nutritive values.