• 한국동물학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.191-199
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• 1990

토끼의 골격근에서 근소포체를 순수 분리하여 SDS-polyacrylamide gel전기영동법과 125 I-concanavalin A표지법으로 단백질과 당단백질의 조성을 조사하였다. 전기영동사에 나타난 대표적인 단백질은 $Ca^2$+-AThase, 80 Kd protein,calsequestrin,high affinity calcium binding protein, intrinsic glycoprotein이었으며, 160 Kd protein, 94 Kd protein,38 Kd protein, 34 Kd protein,24 Kd proteins도 존재하였다.특히, 막성계에 있는 heak protein으로 알려져 있는 80 Kd protein은 본 연구를 통해 주로 근소포체의 terminal cisternae에 들어 있음이 확인되었다. 한편 125 I-concanavalin A표지에 의해 전기영동성에 나타난 대표적인 당단백질은 160 Kd glycoprotein, 94 Kd glycoprotein, calsequestrin, intrinsic glycoprotein의 4종이었다. 이 가운데 94 Kd glycoprotein은 94 Kd glucose-regulated protein으로 추정되며, 본 연구를 통해 근소포체에서도 특히 T-tubule에 다량으로 존재함이 밝혀졌다.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.66-75
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• 2021

Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13 are cytokines secreted by immune cells. Cytokines induce the proliferation of macrophages or promote the differentiation of secretory cells. The initiation and progression of allergic inflammatory diseases, such as asthma, are dependent on cytokines acting through related receptor complexes. IL-4 and IL-13 are N-glycoproteins. Glycan structures in glycoproteins play important roles in protein folding, protein stability, enzymatic function, inflammation, and cancer development. Therefore, the glycan structure of IL-4 and IL-13 needs to be elucidated in detail for the development of effective therapies. We report the first attempt to characterize the site-specific N-glycosylation of recombinant IL-4 and IL-13 via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. The tandem mass spectra of intact N-glycopeptides were identified using the Integrated GlycoProteome Analyzer (I-GPA) platform, which can automatically and rapidly analyze multiple N-glycopeptides, including their glycan composition and amino acid sequences. The recombinant IL-4 and IL-13 were identified with amino acid sequence coverages of 84% and 96%, respectively. For IL-4, 52 glycoforms on one N-glycosylation site were identified and quantified. In IL-13, 232 N-glycopeptides from three N-glycosylation sites were characterized, with the site Asn52 being the most extensively glycosylated (~80%). The complex glycans were the most abundant glycan on IL-4 and IL-13 (~96% and 91%, respectively), and the biantennary glycans were the most abundant in both recombinant IL-4 and IL-13 proteins.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.75-78
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• 2002

The effects of Coehlodinium polykrikoides on the gill of red sea bream, Pagrus major, were examined to clarify the ichthyotoxic mechanisms of this plankton species. The gill of fish exposed to dense blooms over 3,000 cells/mL for 24 h showed severe epithelial separation: a severe edema was found in the secondary lamellar epithelium and interlamellar regions of primary filament. In addition, lipid peroxidation of gill tissue in Coehlodinium-exposed fish was about 2.5 times higher than that of control. The composition of glycoproteins in the gill mucus of Coehlodinium-exposed fish was also changed. These results suggest that the loss of structural integrity of cell membranes in fish gill may be deeply involved in fish death by C. polykrikoides.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.634-639
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• 1998

Seven transmembrane segment (7TMS) receptors for chemokines and related molecules have been demonstrated to be essential, in addition to CD4, for HIV and SIV infection. The beta-chemokine receptor CCR5 is the primary, perhaps sole, coreceptor for HIV-1 during the early and chronic phases of infection, and supports infection by most primary HIV-1 and many SIV isolates. Late-stage primary and laboratory-adapted HIV-1, HIV-2, and SIV isolates can use other 7TMS receptors. CXCR4 appears especially important in late-stage HIV infection; several related receptors can also be used. The specificity of SIV viruses is similar. Commonalities among these receptors, combined with analyses of mutated molecules, indicate that discrete, conformationally-depenclent sites on the chemokine receptors determine their association with the third variable and conserved regions of viral envelope glycoproteins. These studies are useful for elucidating the mechanism and molecular determinants of HIV-1 entry, and of inhibitors to that entry.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2009

Trypanosoma brucei, a protozoan parasite, causes sleeping sickness in humans and Nagana disease in domestic animals in central Africa. The trypanosome surface is extensively covered by glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins known as variant surface glycoproteins and procyclins. GPI anchoring is suggested to be important for trypanosome survival and establishment of infection. Trypanosomes are not only pathogenically important, but also constitute a useful model for elucidating the GPI biosynthesis pathway. This review focuses on the trypanosome GPI biosynthesis pathway. Studies on GPI that will be described indicate the potential for the design of drugs that specifically inhibit trypanosome GPI biosynthesis.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.184-193
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• 2013

Co-signaling molecules are surface glycoproteins that positively or negatively regulate the T cell response to antigen. Co-signaling ligands and receptors crosstalk between the surfaces of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and T cells, and modulate the ultimate magnitude and quality of T cell receptor (TCR) signaling. In the past 10 years, the field of co-signaling research has been advanced by the understanding of underlying mechanisms of the immune modulation led by newly identified co-signaling molecules and the successful preclinical and clinical trials targeting co-inhibitory molecules called immune checkpoints in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and cancers. In this review, we briefly describe the characteristics of well-known B7 co-signaling family members regarding the expression, functions and therapeutic implications and to introduce newly identified B7 members such as B7-H5, B7-H6, and B7-H7.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2001

The development of expression systems for heterologous proteins has been greatly demanded not only for the study of the structure/function relationships of these proteins but also for their biotechnological and pharmaceutical applications. During the past decades, the methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha and Pichia pastoris have drawn attention as one of promising hosts for the production of a variety of heterologous proteins. The increasing popularity of H. polymorpha and P. pastoris as the host systems can be attributed to the several advantages over the traditional yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, such as the availability of very strong and tightly regulated promoters from the enzymes involved in the metabolism of methanol, a very high-cell density even on simple mineral media, and a high stability of expression plasmids. Furthermore, it has been observed that glycoproteins from these two yeasts are less hyperglycoylated compared to those from S. cerevisiae. Despite substantial similarities as methylotrophic yeasts, however, these two expression systems have some unique features distinguished from each other. In this paper we present a brief overview on the present status of the expression systems developed in methylotrophic yeast, mainly focusing on the similarities and differences between the H. polymorpha and P. pastoris systems.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.232-239
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• 2009

This paper describes the simple nanopatterning of proteins on polyelectrolyte surfaces using microcontact printing with a nanopatternable, hydrophilic composite nanomold. The composite nanomold was easily fabricated by blending two UV-curable materials composed of Norland Optical Adhesives(NOA) 63 and poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate(PEG-DMA). NOA 63 provided stable nanostructure formation and PEG-DMA induced high wettability of proteins in the nanomold. Using the composite mold and functionalized surface with polyelectrolytes, the fluorescent, isothiocyanate-tagged, bovine serum albumin(FITC-BSA) was successfully patterned with 8 nm height and 500 nm width. To confirm the feasibility of the protein assay on a nanoscale, a glycoprotein-lectin assay was successfully demonstrated as a model system. As expected, the lectins correctly recognized the nano-patterned glycoproteins such as chicken ovalbumin. The simple preparation of composite nanomold and functionalized surface with a universal platform can be applied to various biomolecules such as DNA, proteins, carbohydrates, and other biomolecules on a nanoscale.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.155-163
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• 2017

Mushrooms and their extracts including purified ingredients, are currently used as foods, functional foods (and/or nutraceuticals), and medicines. These products have numerous bioactive compounds such as polysaccharides (mainly ${\beta}$-glucans), glycoproteins, nucleotide analogs, terpenoids, and polyphenols, which have exhibited antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, antiviral, anti-obesity, and immunomodulatory activities. In this review, we discuss the current information on the biactivities of 10 popular mushrooms in Korea. We also summarize the information on mushrooms and the active compounds derived from them, as well as mushroom-based products such as foods, functional foods, and medicines. We believe this review could provide useful information for scientists and consumers who seek to develop new products and promote healthy food habits and lifestyle.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2018

Alkaline phosphatase (AP) is a membrane-bound glycoprotein that is widely distributed in the plasma membrane of cells of various organs and also found in many organisms from bacteria to humans. The complete amino acid sequence and three-dimensional structure of human placental alkaline phosphatase have been reported. Based on the literature data, AP consists of two presumptive glycosylation sites, at Asn-144 and Asn-271. However, it only contains a single occupied N-linked glycosylation site and no occupied O-linked glycosylation sites. Hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) has been primarily employed for the characterization of the glycan structures derived from glycoproteins. N-glycan structures from human placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) were investigated using HILIC-Orbitrap MS, and subsequent data processing and glycan assignment software. 16 structures including 10 sialylated N-glycans were identified from PLAP.