• 약학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.247-253
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• 2004

We investigated the hypoglycemic effect of formula containing Euonymus alatus (EA) and Mori Folium (MF) in multiple low dose (MLD) streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. In order to iduce hyperglycemic state 25 mg/kg of STZ was injected intraperitoneally for 5 consecutive days. SD rats were randomly divided into diabetic control and treatment groups. Treatment groups were administered with either 250 mg/kg of EA and 250 mg/kg of MF (E1Ml), or 500 mg/kg of EA mixed with same dose of MF (E2M2) for 3 weeks. Blood glucose levels and body weights were measured every 5th or 6th day. E1Ml and E2M2 both significantly reduced food intake, water intake, and fasting blood and urine glucose levels as compared to those in diabetic control group in a dose dependent manner. Body weight in diabetic control group was increased slightly after 3 weeks. Treatment group, however, showed gradual increase in body weights during 3 week-period. While plasma insulin levels of the diabetic control group were decreased to the level of 387$\pm$14 pg/ml from 534$\pm$36 pg/ml, those levels in E1Ml and E2M2-treated groups were both markedly increased by 13% and 26%, respectively. Urine glucose levels in E1Ml and E2M2-treated groups were also remarkably reduced by 17 and 26% compared to the levels of diabetic control group. While expression of membrane-bound glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4) protein in skeletal muscle was reduced by 45% in diabetic control compared to the normal control, GLUT-4 protein expressions in E1Ml and E2M2-treated groups were augmented by 2 and 3.5 times compared to the diabetic control, respectively. Pancreatic HE staining experiments showed that E2M2-treated group revealed much less infiltrated mononuclear cells, indicating that E2M2 efficiently blocked insulitis induced by multiple low dose streptozotocin. Taken together, we conclude that formula containing EA and MF may prevent or delay the development of hyperglycemia through overexpression of GLUT-4 protein in skeletal muscle and prevention of insulitis.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2013

Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the effects of fermented Samjung-hwan (SJH) extracts on weight, serum lipids and blood glucose. Methods: SJH was fermented using three different probiotic bacterial strains (Lactobacillus plantarum [LP], Leuconostoc mesenteroides [LM], Bifidobacterium longum [BL]) separately. Thirty-six rats were divided into normal, control (high fat diet), SJH-UF (high fat diet+unfermented SJH 200 mg/kg), SJH-LP (high fat diet+LP fermented SJH 200 mg/kg), SJH-LM (high fat diet+LM fermented SJH 200 mg/kg) and SJH-BL (high fat diet+BL fermented SJH 200 mg/kg). For 8 weeks later, we examined body weight, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and blood glucose. Results: The control group showed significantly increased weight gain compared with normal group and SJH-LP and BL groups had less weight gain than control group, significantly. In the lipid serum tests, control group showed significantly increased total cholesterol levels compared with normal group and only SJH-LP represented decreased total cholesterol levels compared with control group. However there was no significant change in the HDL-cholesteol levels. In the blood glucose tests, that of control group significantly incereased more than that of normal group, SJH-BL showed significantly decreased blood glucose levels compared with control group. Conclusions: SJH-LP, SJH-BL showed weight control effect, SJH-LP decreased TC and SJH-BL reduced blood glucose.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2013

This study investigated the effects of magnetized water supplementation on blood glucose, DNA damage, antioxidant status, and lipid profiles in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. There were three groups of 4-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats used in the study: control group (normal control group without diabetes); diabetes group (STZ-induced diabetes control); and magnetized water group (magnetized water supplemented after the induction of diabetes using STZ). Before initiating the study, diabetes was confirmed by measuring fasting blood glucose (FBS > 200 dl), and the magnetized water group received magnetized water for 8 weeks instead of general water. After 8 weeks, rats were sacrificed to measure the fasting blood glucose, insulin concentration, glycated hemoglobin level, degree of DNA damage, antioxidant status, and lipid profiles. From the fourth week of magnetized water supplementation, blood glucose was decreased in the magnetized water group compared to the diabetes group, and such effect continued to the 8th week. The glycated hemoglobin content in the blood was increased in the diabetes group compared to the control group, but decreased significantly in the magnetized water group. However, decreased plasma insulin level due to induced diabetes was not increased by magnetized water supplementation. Increased blood and liver DNA damages in diabetes rats did significantly decrease after the administration of magnetized water. In addition, antioxidant enzyme activities and plasma lipid profiles were not different among the three groups. In conclusion, the supplementation of magnetized water not only decreased the blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels but also reduced blood and liver DNA damages in STZ-induced diabetic rats. From the above results, it is suggested that the long-term intake of the magnetized water over 8 weeks may be beneficial in both prevention and treatment of complications in diabetic patients.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권7호
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• pp.601-605
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• 2007

This study investigated the therapeutic effects of Inonotus obliqua extract on blood glucose, insulin, and other biochemical parameters in genetically diabetic mice $(C57BL/KsJ^-m^{+/+}Lepr^{db})$. The mice were divided into four groups-control, Chaga 1 (dose of 0.09 mg/kg of body weight), Chaga 5 (5 times of Chaga 1), and Chaga 10 (10 times of Chaga 1) - according to supplemented dose. Inonotus obliqua extract was orally administered to the animals for 6 weeks. The body and organ (liver and kidney) weights were not different among groups. Fasting blood glucose level was significantly lower in the Chaga 5 group compared with the control (p < 0.05). Hemoglobin A1c content was significantly lower in the Chaga 5 group compared with either the control and Chaga 1 group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in serum insulin level among groups. The glucose-6-phosphatase activity in liver was significantly the lowest in Chaga 10 group and was significantly lower in Chaga 5 group as compared with those of control and Chaga 1 groups. Therefore, the results of this study demonstrate that Inonotus obliqua extract alleviates many of the symptoms of diabetes in genetically obese mice and may offer a possibility as a therapeutic supplement for the normalization of blood glucose levels in human with hyperglycemia and have beneficial effects in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.215-221
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• 2004

To determine the effects of caloric restriction on obese type 2 diabetes we measured body blood glucose and serum lipid level in dietary restricted Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats. OLETF rats (obese diabetic rats) and Long Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats (control rats) were grouped into 2 groups; control (free feed) group and 30% caloric restricted (30% CR) group. At 24 weeks of age the 30% CR animals were provided a diet at a level of 30% less food (by weight) than control rats consumed during the previous week. Blood glucose levels and serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels of CR rats were determined every 2 weeks for 8 weeks total. Blood glucose, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels of OLETF rats were significantly higher compared to LETO rats. In OLETF rats, the blood glucose levels were decreased to 61% by 8 weeks in the 30% CR compared to the non-CR control group, but changes of blood glucose levels were not observed in LETO rats during the 8weeks in the 30% CR. The serum triglyceride levels of OLETF rats were decreased significantly in the 30% CR but no change in the serum of LETO rats was found. The total cholesterol level was not changed by dietary restriction in LETO rats, but significant changes were observed in OLETF rats by 30% dietary restriction. HDL-cholesterol levels were also increased by dietary restriction in both LETO and OLETF rats. These results suggested that elevated blood glucose, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in diabetes II patients may be reduced by caloric restriction.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.229-236
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• 1990

Sprague-Dawley 숫쥐에게 3.6%의 tryptophan 또는 tyrosine 보강 식이를 4일간 먹여 스트레스로 인한 혈청 cortisol, glucose, free gatty acid(ffa)수준 변화를 조사하였다. Trp-보강 식이를 먹은 쥐들은 혈청 및 뇌의 trp농도가 유의적으로(p<0.05) 증가하였고 cortisol과 ffa 수준은 정상 식이군과 같았으나 glucose는 유의적으로 낮았다. Trp- 보강 식이군이 stress를 받았을 때 혈청 cortisol 수준은 유의적으로 증가하였으나 정상식이군의 stress 반응 정도에는 미치치 못하는 유의적으로 낮은 증가 추세를 보였다. 또한 trp-보강 식이군의 혈청 glucose와 ffa 수준은 정상식이군과는 달리 스트레스로 인한 증가 현상이 나타나지 않았다. 이로서 Trp-보강 식이는 스트레스로 인한 대사적 교란(metabolic disturbance)를 방지하고, 뇌하수체-시상하부-부신 피질계를 통한 호르몬 반응의 강도를 줄이는 효과를 나타내었다. 한편 try-보강 식이를 먹은 쥐들은 혈청 try함량이 증가하였고 유의적이지는 않으나 전반적으로 낮은 cortisol 수준을 보였다. 이들의 giucose와 ffa농도는 정상 식이군과 비교해 차이가 없었다. Try-보강 식이군이 스트레스를 받으면 혈청 cortisol 수준에는 유의적인 변화가 없는 반면 glucose와 ffa함량은 정상 식이군과 동일하게 증가하였다. 즉 try보강 식이는 스트레스로 인한 대사적 교란을 방지할 수는 없었으나 시상하부-뇌하수체-부신 피질게를 통해 이루어지는 hormone 반응을 말소시킬 수 있는 것으로 보여진다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제42권10호
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• pp.143-152
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• 2004

This study presents the effects of serum lipids and blood glucose on retort Samgyetang intake in rats. For this purpose, we measured the ingredients and contents of Samgyetang, and produced a diet for experimental rats. The animal experiment was done in three different diet groups: control, Samgyetang(I) and Samgyetang(II). The results were as follows; 1) There was no sign of difference between the three groups in the body weight gain and food intake due to the effect of dietary component. 2) The density of serum triglyceride in the Samgyetang(II) group was decreased, but there was no sign of difference between the control group and Samgyetang(II). 3) There were no statistically significant differences of serum cholesterol and phospholipid among my of the diet groups. 4) The free fatty acid density and blood glucose level in the Samgyetang(I) and (II) groups were higher than in the control group. In the author's opinion, it is necessary to reexamine them for a long period through the animal experiment.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.720-730
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the effects of tailored diabetic education on blood glucose control and self-care for patients with type 2 diabetes on insulin therapy. Methods: The participants were 60 patients (experimental group: 30, control group: 30) with type 2 diabetes on insulin therapy. The patients were being seen at a university hospital in Seoul, Korea. Group diabetic education and tailored diabetic education were given to the experiment group while group diabetic education only was given to the control group. Data were collected before and three months after the education. $X^2$ test, t-test, and ANCOVA were used to analyze the data. Results: No significant differences in postprandial (PP2hrs) glucose and HbA1c levels were found between the two groups. Participants in the experiment group showed statistically significant differences in the area of self-glucose test, management of insulin injection, and life style change compared to those in the control group. Conclusion: The results indicate that tailored education for patients with diabetes on insulin therapy improve self-glucose test, management of insulin injection, and life style. Therefore it is suggested that tailored education can be applied in diabetic education to improve self-care.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2017

Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effect of Bangkibokryeong-tang (BBT, Fangjifuling-tang) on blood glucose and body fat in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Methods The experimental animals were divided into five groups- normal diet-fed control (ND), high-fat diet-fed control (HFD), HFD+BBT 75, HFD+BBT 150, and HFD+olistat as a positive drug control group. Markers of obesity, such as body weight, organ weight, diet efficiency, and serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, lipid content, leptin, adiponectin, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT)/glutamic pyruvic transferase (GPT)/lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), blood glucose, and insulin, were measured. Furthermore, results of the oral glucose tolerance test and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibition activity were examined in obese mice. Results Mice treated with BBT demonstrate lower body and organ weight, and reduced weight gain and food efficiency than that in the HFD-only control group. In addition, BBT decreased lipid accumulation in the liver and the levels of enzymes such as GOT, GPT, and LDH in the serum. Furthermore, the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and leptin were decreased in the serum but the levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and adiponectin were increased in the BBT-treated group compared with the control group. The BBT-treated group also demonstrated decreased blood glucose and insulin concentrations induced by feeding on a high-fat diet and improved glucose tolerance. Conclusions Based on the results above, BBT may reduce body fat and hyperglycemia in HFD-induced obesity. This suggests that BBT may be clinically useful in the treatment of obesity.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.3-13
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of soyligosaccharides on improvement of diabetes mellitus. Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups. Control and one experimental group were fel AIN-93G diet(mixed diet) and the other experimental group was fed a similar diet containing 5% soyligosaccharides(oligosaccharide diet) for 6 weeks. Experimental groups were divided into two sub-groups after streptozotocin(STZ) injection and fed th mixed diet or the oligosaccharide diet for the next 2 weeks. Followings are final experimental and control groups: MM (mixed dietlongrightarrowSTZ injectionlongrightarrowmixed diet). MO(mixed dietlongrightarrowSTZ injectionlongrightarrowoligosaccharide diet), OM( oligosaccharide dietlongrightarrowSTZ injectionlongrightarrowmixed diet), OO(oligosaccharide dietlongrightarrowSTZ injectionlongrightarrowoligosaccharide diet), C(mixed dietlongrightarrowplacebo injectionlongrightarrowmixed diet). Blood glucose was analyzed at d1, d8 and d12 after streptozotocin injection. At the end of the experimental period, fecal bifidobacteria, plasma insulin, total lipid, triglyceride, cholesterol, and leptin concentrations was analyzed, After STZ injection, blood glucose level was significantly elevated in experimental group compared to a control group. Elevated blood glucose level declined faster in OO group compared to the other experimental groups. Meanwhile, insulin concentration decreased in all experimental groups compared to a control group. The number of bifidobacteria was significantly increased in oligosaccharide diet groups after STZ injection (MO and OO) than a mixed diet group(MM). Plasma cholesterol concentration significantly decreased in oligosaccharide diet groups(MO and OO) compared to mixed diet groups (MM and OM) after SZ injection. Plasma triglyceride and liver cholesterol concentrations significantly decreased in MO group compared to other experimental groups. Meanwhile, plasma leptin concentration was significantly lower in oligosaccharide diet groups after STZ injection(MO and OO) compared to a control group. The results in this study suggest that the dietary soyoligosaccharides has strong on reduction of reduction of blood glucose and lipid concentrations in streptozotoicin-induced diabetic rats. Thus, the use of soyoligosaccharides at a diet for IDDM patients may help to improve diabetes mellitus symptoms.(Korean J Nutrition 34(1) : 3-13, 2001)