• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.239-247
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• 2008

In a resource-limited wireless communication environment, various approaches to meet the ever growing application requirements in an efficient and transparent manner, are being researched and developed. Amongst many approaches, cross layer technique is by far one of the significant contributions that has undoubtedly revolutionized the way conventional layered architecture is perceived. In this paper, we propose a Universal Cross Layer Framework based on vertical layer architecture. The primary contribution of this paper is the functional architecture of the vertical layer which is primarily responsible for cross layer interaction management and optimization. The second contribution is the use of optimization cycle that comprises awareness parameters collection, mapping, classification and the analysis phases. The third contribution of the paper is the decomposition of the parameters into local and global network perspective for opportunistic optimization. Finally, we have shown through simulations how parameters' variations can represent local and global views of the network and how we can set local and global thresholds to perform opportunistic optimization.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.529-535
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• 2016

This study focuses on the comparison of measured data from 6-DOF motion sensor and strain gauge installed in the IBRV ARAON during 2015 summer voyage in the Arctic. Procedures to calculate the global ice load from MotionPak II inertial measurement system and the local load from stain gauge system are discussed. The ship's speed and peak load are determined in the concept of an ice collision "event". It is found that the peak values in the global ice calculated form whole ship motion analysis fall in the range of 1.5~3 times of the local ice load based in strain gauge measurement.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.536-564
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• 2019

Soft faults are inherent in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) due to external and internal errors. The failure of processes in a protocol stack are caused by errors on various layers. In this work, impact of errors and channel misbehavior on process execution is investigated to provide an error classification mechanism. Considering implementation of WSN protocol stack, inter-process correlations of stacked and peer layer processes are modeled. The proposed model is realized through local and global decision trees for fault diagnosis. A hybrid framework is proposed to implement local decision tree on sensor nodes and global decision tree on diagnostic cluster head. Local decision tree is employed to diagnose critical failures due to errors in stacked processes at node level. Global decision tree, diagnoses critical failures due to errors in peer layer processes at network level. The proposed model has been analyzed using fault tree analysis. The framework implementation has been done in Castalia. Simulation results validate the inter-process correlation model-based fault diagnosis. The hybrid framework distributes processing load on sensor nodes and diagnostic cluster head in a decentralized way, reducing communication overhead.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.61 no.6
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• pp.807-816
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• 2017

In this paper, we introduce an efficient new model reduction method, named the automated static condensation method, which is developed for the local analysis of large finite element models. The algebraic multilevel substructuring procedure is modified appropriately, and then applied to the original static condensation method. The retained substructure, which is the local finite element model to be analyzed, is defined, and then the remaining part of the global model is automatically partitioned into many omitted substructures in an algebraic perspective. For an efficient condensation procedure, a substructural tree diagram and substructural sets are established. Using these, the omitted substructures are sequentially condensed into the retained substructure to construct the reduced model. Using several large practical engineering problems, the performance of the proposed method is demonstrated in terms of its solution accuracy and computational efficiency, compared to the original static condensation method and the superelement technique.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10b
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• pp.673-675
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• 2004

Local Feature Analysis(LFA)는 눈, 코, 턱 그리고 볼과 같은 얼굴의 지역적 특징을 잘 추출하는 것으로 알려져 있으나, 얼굴 인식에 이용하기에는 몇 가지 문제점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 LFA의 문제점을 개선하여 인식에 적합한 새로운 얼굴 특징 추출 방법을 제안한다. 제안 방법은 kernel 생성, 선택 그리고 중첩의 3 단계로 이루어진다. 첫 번째 단계에서 얼굴의 지역적 특징을 검출할 수 있는 kernel물 생성하고, 두 번째 단계에서 인식에 적합한 kernel을 선택한다. 마지막으로 선택된 kernel을 중첩시켜 적은 개수의 조밀한 형태의 kernel로 재 표현한다. 실험을 통하여 제안 방법이 적은 개수의 특징을 이용하여 좋은 인식율을 보임을 확인하였다.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.783-791
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• 2000

This describes a study on the support location optimizations of the beams using the genetic algorithm and the sensitivity analysis. The genetic algorithm is a probabilistic method searching the optimum at several points simultaneously and requiring only the values of the object and constraint functions. It has therefore more chances to find the global solution and can be applied to the various problems. Nevertheless, it has such a shortcoming that it takes too many calculations, because it is ineffective in local search. While the traditional method using sensitivity analysis is of great advantage in searching the near optimum. thus the combination of the two techniques will make use of the individual advantages, that is, the superiority in global searching form the genetic algorithm and that in local searching form the sensitivity analysis. In this thesis, for the practical applications, the analysis is conducted by FEB ; and as the shapes of structures are taken as the design variation, it requires re-meshing for every analysis. So if it is not properly controlled, the result of the analysis is affected and the optimized solution amy not be the real one. the method is efficiently applied to the problems which the traditional methods are not working properly.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.59-70
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• 2015

Purpose - This study aims to suggest strategies for Korean enterprises advancing into the Vietnam bakery market by analyzing the effects of perceived values on brand preference and purchase intention among Korean and Vietnamese consumers. Research design, data, and methodology - The perceived value model designed includes functional (price, quality), emotional, and social values. The survey collected data from 500 consumers in Seoul (Korea) and HoChiMinh (Vietnam). The SPSS 18.0 package was used for analysis. Results - First, among Vietnamese consumers, perceived value had a positive (+) effect on global brand preference in the order of functional value of quality, social value, and the functional value of price. However, from an ethnocentric trend and brand image origin, emotional value had a negative effect on global brand preference. In contrast, among Korean consumers, perceived value had a positive (+) effect on global brand preference in the order of functional value of quality, the functional value of price, and the social value. However, emotional value had no effect on global brand preference. Second, for both Korean and Vietnamese consumers, perceived value had a significant positive effect on purchase intention. Third, unlike the Korean consumer, for the Vietnamese consumer, global brand preference had a significant effect on purchase intention. Conclusions - The study implies the following. First, the Vietnamese bakery market has a high proportion of middle-aged customers in their 40s (64%). In terms of monthly income, there was a large proportion (40%) of high-income earners (over $325). Therefore, bakery consumption can be seen as concentrated among middle-aged and high-income consumers. Based on this, bakery strategies should include efforts to increase purchase prices as well as ways to attract local consumers (large cities). Second, unlike Korean consumers, among Vietnamese consumers, the resistance to a global brand based on emotional value (the ethnocentric tendency and brand image origin) can be seen as relatively low. Thus, in the case of the Vietnam bakery market, to increase a global brand's preference, the company should develop a differentiated strategy so that Vietnamese consumers can recognize it better, focusing on product quality, good service quality, and price in the local environment and on social value for social development. Third, in the case of the Vietnamese customer, we found that social value exerts the greatest influence on purchase intention. Therefore, a brand that engenders an image of building the local Vietnamese community can achieve a higher social value and influence purchase intention. In addition, although Vietnamese consumers have ethnocentric tendencies in terms of products, we found that if it is a preferred global brand then there are intentions to purchase. Fourth, in the case of Vietnam, if the preference for global brands is formed, consumer awareness may be connected to purchase intention. Therefore, global brands operating in Vietnam should pay attention to how to improve consumer preferences for global brands in order to increase purchase intention.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.537-545
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• 2016

This study aimed to research the moderating effects of local & global brand on the relationship between brand equity and behavioral intention in franchised hamburger restaurant. This study intended (1) to analyze the factors of brand equity in franchised hamburger restaurant, (2) to research the effect of brand equity on behavioral intention, (3) to research the moderating effects of local & global brand on the relationship between brand equity and behavioral intention. Data were collected from undergraduates who visited the nationwide hamburger restaurants by face-to-face interview. The questionnaire was distributed of the 300 copies and used 253 in the analysis. The results of this study revealed that (1) the factors of the brand equity were brand awareness, brand image and brand loyalty, (2) brand loyalty, image and awareness had significant influence on behavioral intention in order, (3) the effect of brand awareness on behavioral intention was significant influence by moderating effect of local & global brand.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1845-1850
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• 2006

적절한 벤치마킹 대상의 선정은 조직 계획 및 통제에 있어 중요한 요소로 인식되고 있으며, 이에 대한 많은 연구가 이루어져 왔다. 특히, 조직의 상대적 성과 평가와 이를 바탕으로 벤치마킹 대상을 결정하는 DEA(data envelopment analysis)의 출현은 벤치마킹에 대한 연구를 증대시켜왔다. 하지만, 벤치마킹 대상 선정은 기술적 생산 가능성 측면 외에도 조직의 정책적 고려, 관리적 우위 그리고 외부 제약 등을 고려해야 한다. 따라서 수리적 결과에 바탕을 둔 기술적 생산 가능성만을 가지고 벤치마킹 대상을 제공하는 현재의 DEA 접근 방법에는 한계가 있다. 즉, 고려하는 모든 대상을 기반으로 한 global efficiency 관점에서 제공하는 해가 비 효율적 조직 입장에서는 바람직하지 않을 수도 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 local efficiency 개념을 도입하여, 다양한 관점에서 벤치마킹 대안들을 살펴 볼 수 있는 방법을 제공하고자 한다. 이는 다음과 같은 과정에 의해 수행된다. 먼저, DEA를 이용하여 비교하고자 하는 모든 DMU(decision making unit)의 투입/산출물을 바탕으로 각 DMU의 효율성 값과 비효율적 DMU의 참조집합 (reference set)을 도출한다. 다음으로, 도출된 참조집합이 조직 운영 관점에서 적절한 벤치마킹 대상이며, 이러한 목표를 달성할 수 있는가를 평가한다. 이때 도출된 벤치마킹 대상이 적절하다면 분석과정을 종료하고, 적절하지 않을 경우 다음과 같은 추가적인 분석을 수행한다. 우선, 각 참조 집합을 중심으로 DMU를 그룹핑하고, 각 그룹별로 효율성 값 및 참조집합을 도출한다. 이때 도출된 효율성 값이 local efficiency 값에 해당된다. 다음으로, 참조 집합 그룹을 중심으로 도출된 비효율적 DMU의 참조집합이 적절한 벤치마킹 대상인가를 판단한다. 적절한 벤치마킹 대상을 도출하였으면 분석을 종료하고, 그렇지 않을 경우 적절한 벤치마킹 대상을 도출할 때까지 추가적인 분석과정을 반복한다. 제안한 방법을 통하여 조직은 기술적 생산 가능성 외에도 다양한 조직 운영 관점에서 적절한 벤치마킹 대상을 선정할 수 있으며, 이에 따른 목표를 수립할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. 또한 더 나아가 global efficiency 관점에서 효율적 조직이 되기 위하여 단계적인 벤치마킹 대상 선정과 이에 따른 목표를 수립하는데도 유용하리라 판단된다.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.576-585
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• 2021

This study sought to identify the types of fashion brands preferred by tourists based on the shopping values that they pursue through purchases at tourist destinations and to verify the effects of these values on their satisfaction. To obtain a representative sample of South Korea's tourist shoppers, a survey was conducted among 300 subjects involving adult men and women in their twenties to sixties. Structural equation modeling analyses were performed on the collected data using SPSS and AMOS. The effects of tourist shopping values on brand attitudes were verified by dividing tourist shopping values into social, epistemic, and functional values and dividing brand attitudes into attitudes toward fashion global and local brands. Additionally, this work intended to ascertain the moderating effect of cosmopolitanism on tourist shopping behaviors. The analysis results reveal that a high level of epistemic value as perceived by tourists during shopping resulted in a corresponding high level of preference for local fashion brands. Furthermore, a high level of social value as perceived by tourists led to a high level of preference toward global fashion brands. Contrastingly, functional value influenced both local and global brands. As a result of the moderating effect, in the group with high cosmopolitanism tendency, the effect of epistemic value was not significant, but the low group significantly affected brand attitude based on the social and epistemic value. Given its academic and practical implications, the present study is likely to broaden the understanding of tourist shopping and facilitate future research on that phenomenon.