• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.375-384
• /
• 2023

Climate data were obtained over an eight-year period (July 2013 to June 2021) using an automatic weather observation system (AWS) installed at the foot of Mt. Geumo in Chilgok, Gyeongbuk. Using climate data, the statistical and meteorological characteristics of the local circulation between the Nakdong River and Mt. Geumo were analyzed. This study is based on automatic weather observation system data for Dongyeong, along with comparative climate data from the Korea Meteorological Administration (Chilgok) and the Gumi meteorological observatory. Over the eight- years, mountain and valley winds have occurred 48 times a year on average, with the highest occurring in May and the weakest winds in June and December. When mountain winds occurred, the temperature in the nearby lowland region more strongly decreased than when valley winds blew. However, the potential to use mountain winds to improve urban thermal environments is limited because mountain winds occur infrequently in summer when a drop in nighttime temperature is required.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• 제38권3호
• /
• pp.207-217
• /
• 2022

We investigated the habitat distribution and diversity of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae), a bioindicator for assessing environmental changes on Geumo Mountain, in survey plots at different altitudes on the southern and northern slopes of Geumo Mountain in South Korea. From April to September 2021, we collected 1,384 individuals, 41 species, and 15 families of Carabidae from the survey sites. The dominant species collected was Synuchus cycloderus (347 individuals), followed by Carabus jankowskii (193 individuals). The monthly distributions of species richness and abundance were as follows: 24 beetles of 9 species in April, 115 beetles of 28 species in May, 288 beetles of 32 species in June, peaking at 379 beetles of 32 species in July, 354 beetles of 23 species in August, and 224 beetles of 14 species in September. Additionally, we collected 305 beetles of 32 species at 400 m, 326 beetles of 31 species at 500 m, 359 beetles of 27 species at 600 m, 582 beetles of 16 species at 700 m, and 112 beetles of 7 species at 800 m near the summit. The habitat distribution by slope was 307 beetles (20 species of 8 families) on the southern slope and 1,077 beetles (34 species of 15 families) on the northern slope. For the 307 beetles of 20 species collected from the southern slope, the diversity, evenness, and dominance indices were 0.981, 0.754, and 0.156, respectively. For the 1,077 beetles of 34 species collected from the northern slope, the diversity evenness, and dominance indices were 1.187, 0.775, and 0.101, respectively.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
• /
• 제34권11호
• /
• pp.135-144
• /
• 2018

During the Late Joseon dynasty, abandoned mountain fortresses were urgently repaired for the operation of foothold mountain fortresses in Gyeongsang-do, during the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592 and immediately after the Qing Invasion of Korea in 1636. Immediately after the Qing Invasion of Korea, an external fortress wall was built and added to each of Cheonsaeng Fortress and Geumo Fortress to establish a system of protecting locals inside a fortress at important locations for border defense against Japan in the Yeongnam region. Cheonseng Fortress, however, did not have sufficient geographical and protection conditions as a mountain fortress for protecting people inside it; thus, Gasan Fortress was newly built to replace Cheonsaeng Fortress. Geumo and Gasan Fortresses were used in border defense against Japan during the period from King Injo's reign to the end of Joseon Dynasty, because the fortresses served the purpose of defending Nakdonggang River and middle roads located at important roads along the border in the Yeongnam region and because it was possible to quickly repair and use their existing fortress walls and internal facilities, such as middle fortress walls and ponds, that were constructed for long-term protection of locals inside the fortress. In addition, it was found, in this study, that a continuous discussion on how to supplement fortresses led to the reinforcement and improvement of fortress facilities and fortification technology through the application of major strengths of Chinese (Ming) and Japanese fortress systems.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.365-374
• /
• 2023

Eight years (2014-2021) of climate data were collected from an automatic weather observation system installed at the foot of Mt. Geumo in Chilgok, Gyeongbuk. Using these data, we investigated local bio-climatological indices (warmth index, WI; coldness index, CI; and effective accumulated temperature, EAT) of the mountain region adjacent to the Keimyung Dongyeong forest. The study area's WI and CI were 109.3℃ and -11.3℃ per month, respectively, averaged across 8 years. These values are indicative of an evergreen broad-leaved forest in the warm temperate climate zone, suitable for cultivating sweet persimmons and figs. Additionally, EAT in Dongyeong was 2,113.7℃, averaged across 8 years, suitable for growing crops such as corn, soybean, and potato.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
• /
• 제52권2호
• /
• pp.62-79
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 "삼국유사(三國遺事)"에 등장하는 유서 깊은 연못인 경주 서출지(세계유산, 사적 제138호)가 조선 중기 풍천 임씨(豊川 任氏) 가문의 정원으로 기능하게 된 배경과 정원의 형성, 당시 경관에 대해 고찰한 것이다. 이를 위해 기문 시문 개인문집 등의 문헌조사와 현지조사를 수행하였으며, 조선시대 문헌에 나타난 경관과 과거 사진 등을 비교하여 경관 변화를 분석하였다. 이를 통해 집약된 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 신라 이후 조선 초기까지는 객관적인 근거가 부족해 당시의 기능과 경관에 대해 추측할 수 없지만 조선 중기 풍천 임씨가 동남산 일원에 세거하면서부터 별서정원으로 경영되었다. 당시에도 서출지를 유서 깊은 장소로 인식하고 있었으며, 임적(任勣, 1612~1672)이 이요당(二樂堂)을 건립하면서부터 풍천 임씨의 정원으로 기능하였다. 둘째, 문헌 기록상 이요당은 객당 정사 별각 별서 등으로도 불렸는데 다양한 용도로 활용된 누정으로 볼 수 있다. 이러한 기능 때문에 평소에 빙허루(憑虛樓)라는 명칭이 통용되었다. 셋째, 서출지는 뒤로는 경주 남산(금오산), 앞으로는 넓은 들판과 남천이 흐르는 풍경이 수려한 곳에 입지하였으며, 인문환경과 자연환경을 갖춘 전형적인 조선시대 별서정원이었다. 넷째, 현재 풍천 임씨 종가가 사찰로 변하여 별서정원과의 관계성은 사라졌지만 현재의 주요 경관 요소인 연꽃과 소나무 대나무 숲이 옛 시문에도 나타나며, 현재 서출지 일원은 개발이 거의 진행되지 않아 경관이 현재와 크게 다르지 않았던 것으로 보인다. 또한 현재 서출지를 상징하는 배롱나무는 옛 시문과 과거 사진에 확인되지 않고 수령이 오래되지 않은 것으로 보아 당시에는 배롱나무가 두드러지지 않았음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이상 본 연구를 통해 서출지 일원을 전설 속의 장소로만 부각할 것이 아니라 조선시대 정원으로서 공간적 의미를 재고할 필요가 있다. 이는 경주 남산 일원의 문화 콘텐츠이자 조경사적 측면에서도 중요한 의미를 가진다 하겠다.