• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.29-35
• /
• 2002

The test of germination has been used as a good indicator to assess the toxicity of chemicals to plant. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of PAHs, anthracene and phenanthrene, on germination ratio, germination index and germination time of barley, tall fescue and alfafa. Anthracene and phenathrene induced to decrease the seedling length and increase the germination time of the experimental plants. But they did not affect the maximum germination ratio. While it was not correlated between seedling length and final germination ratio, it was shown a close relationship between seedling length and mean germination time of the plants. These results suggested that the mean of germination time and seedling growth could be useful to exmine the phyto -toxicological effect of PAHs. The mixture of anthracene and phenanthrene was examined to investigate the combined effect on seedling length; the mixture induced the reduction of seedling. This was meant that the mixture toxicity of PAHs might be not shown in the sum of each chemical toxicity.

• Advances in environmental research
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.207-216
• /
• 2014

A study was conducted to determine the phytotoxic effect of mercury on seed germination and seedling growth of an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck. The seeds germination and seedling growth performance of A. lebbeck responded differently to mercuric chloride treatment (1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 7 mM) as compared to control. Seed germination of A. lebbeck was significantly (p < 0.05) affected by mercury treatment at 1 mM. Root growth of A. lebbeck was not significantly affected by mercury treatment at 1 mM, and 3 mM. Shoot and root length of A. lebbeck were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by 5 mM concentration of mercury treatment. Increase in concentration of mercury treatment at 5 mM and 7 mM significantly (p < 0.05) reduced seedling dry weight of A. lebbeck. The treatment of mercury at 1 mM decreased high percentage of seed germination (22%), seedling length (10%), root length (21.85%) and seedling dry weight (9%). Highest decrease in seed germination (51%), seedling (34%), root length (48%) and seedling dry weight (41%) of A. lebbeck occurred at 7 mM mercury treatment. A. lebbeck showed high percentage of tolerance (78.14%) to mercury at 1 mM. However, 7 mM concentration of mercury produced lowest percentage of tolerance (51.65%) in A. lebbeck. The seed germination potential and seedling vigor index (SVI) clearly decreased with the higher level of mercury. Plantation of A. lebbeck in mercury-polluted area will help in reducing the burden of mercury pollution. A. lebbeck can serve better in coordinating in land management programs in metal contaminated areas. The identification of the toxic concentration of metals and tolerance indices of A. lebbeck would also be helpful for the establishment of air quality standard.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제44권5호
• /
• pp.959-961
• /
• 2011

Manure-based composts can have detrimental effects on the agricultural lands and crops if they are applied without proper stabilization process. Composting is well-known method for the stabilization of manure-based composts and the extent of composting could be examined by maturity test. Among various methods to examine compost maturity, the performances of two mechanical methods (Solvita and CoMMe-100) were examined and the test results were compared with seed germination test. The mechanical methods are considered to be simple and relatively objective. Also they are cost- and time-efficient. Ten commercially available composts collected in Korea were used for this study. Basically, the maturity determined with these mechanical methods was in good agreement with the seed germination test. However, it appeared that the index levels of compost maturity indicated more maturity by CoMMe-100 than Solvita for the same compost. The differences between maturity index levels determined by both methods were able to be minimized through extending the reaction time for CoMMe-100 and adjusting index level for maturity determination in the standard color chart.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.5-13
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 가축분뇨 슬러리와 과실착즙박 혼합 혐기소화액의 폭기기간이 발아지수에 미치는 영향을 구명하여 혐기소화액 종류별 적정 폭기기간 설정에 활용하고자 수행하였다. 6개 혐기소화액은 폭기처리 기간 중 공기의 량을 0.1 ㎥ air/min.㎥ 주입하고, 52일 동안 폭기하였다. 혐기소화액의 부숙도를 평가하기 위하여 무 종자를 이용하였다. 돈분 + 우분 + 감귤착즙박 혼합 혐기소화액은 처리구 중 가장 빨리 폭기처리 30일에 발아지수(GI)가 70 이상을 나타내었다. 돈분 + 우분 혼합혐기소화액은 폭기처리 36일에 발아지수(GI)가 70 이상를 나타내었다. 돈분 슬러리 100 % 단독 혐기소화액의 발아지수(GI)는 가장 늦은 폭기처리 54일에 70에 도달하였다. 돈분슬러리 + 과실착즙박 혼합소화액이 돈분 단독 혐기소화액 보다 발아지수 70 도달 폭기기간이 24일 단축되었다. 혐기소화액의 호기성 액비 처리에서 종자 발아지수는 적정 폭기기간 설정에 활용이 가능 할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
• /
• pp.211-211
• /
• 2017

This experiments were conducted to investigate seed germination to evaluate the influence of anaerobic digestate on seed germination of perennial ryegrass seeds. The study conducted a germination experiment in petri-dishes, using perennial ryegrass seeds. The treatments were compared: non-treated control treated with distilled water, different concentration of anaerobic digestate. The germination percentage of perennial ryegrass seeds was highest in the fermented anaerobic digestate treatment. Root length of perennial ryegrass seeds was long by 4~5cm in the fermented anaerobic digestate with unfermented anaerobic digestate. In the relative root length ratio was by 30% higher in the in the fermented anaerobic digestate with unfermented anaerobic digestate. The germination index of perennial ryegrass seeds was high by 113% in the fermented anaerobic digestate compared to no treatment. The fermented anaerobic digestate have shown stimulatory effects in germination and development of root. Use of fermented anaerobic digestate can be recommended to farmers as a ecofriendly practice for better germination and growth.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.533-540
• /
• 2015

Germination properties, leachate electrical conductivity (EC), and inorganic compound leaching were analyzed to ascertain the storage ability and change of physiological characteristics during storage of Hippophae rhamnoides seeds. Seeds were placed in an incubator at 25℃ and sown in different soil media (sand, vermiculite and horticultural substrate) after being stored for 6, 18 and 30 months at 2℃. All germination properties decreased in accordance to an increase of the seed storage period. Compared with the seed storage for 18 months, germination percentage (GP), germination performance index (GPI), and germination value (GV) of seeds stored for 30 months decreased by more than 50%. When the seeds were sown in different soil media in a greenhouse, those germination properties were similar to the seeds germinated in an incubator, and mean germination time, GPI and GV had a significant difference except GP among soil media. EC and inorganic ion concentration had a strong positive correlation with the seed storage period, but the ratios of inorganic ions from stored seeds revealed that K⁺/Mg²⁺ and Na⁺/Mg²⁺ were inversely correlated with the storage period.

• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.53-59
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted to determine the effects of seed storage temperature and pre-treatment on seed germination, seedling quality and vigor index of wild Trichosanthes kirilowii and Trichosanthes kirilowii var. japonica. As a result the highest germination rate of T. kirilowii was the 95% at seed stored in room temperature and then soaking for 24 hours in $dH_2O$. And the highest germination rate of T. kirilowii var. japonica was 96% at seed stored in $2^{\circ}C$ and then soaking for 24 hours in $GA_3$ (100 ppm). But the seed germination rate was non-significance in pre-treatment at seed stored in room temperature $2^{\circ}C$. Seedlings of T. kirilowii and T. kirilowii var. japonica showed not only the best seedling quality but also seedling vigor index in seed stored at $2^{\circ}C$ and then soaking for 24 hours in $GA_3$ (100 ppm). In this research, T. kirilowii and T. kirilowii var. japonica seed were stored in room temperature or $2^{\circ}C$, and then sown in peat moss, seed germination rate was more than 90% and production of superior quality seedlings.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.152-156
• /
• 1984

본시험은 저온 조건에서 우리 나라 보리 주요 품종의 발아력과 출현력의 품종간 차이를 구명하고자 실시하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 발아세는 온도가 $4^\{\circ}C$에서 $3^{\circ}C$씩 상승할수록 70에서 10~45 정도 증가되었고 $7^{\circ}C$에서 변이가 가장 컸으며, 저온(4$^{\circ}C$)에서 백동, 남해보리, 강보리, 부흥 등의 발아력이 좋았다. 2. 출현률은 온도가 $4^{\circ}C$에서 $7^{\circ}C$로 상승할 때 84%에서 92%로 증가하였으며 출현력(ERI)은 영산보리, 광성, 백동이 불량하였으며 부호보리, 남해보리, 오월보리, 알보리, 사천 6호 등이 양호하였다. 3. 저온에서 발아력과 출현력 및 기타 형질과는 관련성이 없었으나, $4^{\circ}C$ 와 $7^{\circ}C$구간에 출현력과 건물중은 서로 상관이 높았다. 4. 따라서 저온 조건에서 보리 종자의 발아력과 출현력은 품종간 변이가 컸으며 발아력으로 출현역을 추정할 수는 없었다. 또한 저온 출현력을 검정하는데 ERI와 건물중을 같이 이용하면 좀더 정확할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.97-104
• /
• 2006

온도 및 NaCl 등의 외부 환경인자에 노출되었을 때 나타나는 측백나무 종자의 발아특성을 조사하고 불량환경에 대한 내성 및 적정 환경조건을 알아보고자 본 연구를 실시하였다. 15, 20, 25, $30^{\circ}C$의 온도조건에서 NaCl 용액을 0, 500, 1,000, 2,000, 4,000ppm의 5수준으로 분주하여 종자발아특성 및 상대수분흡수율을 조사하였다. 발아율의 경우 $15^{\circ}C$ 온도에서 가장 높게 나타났으며 NaCl에 의한 감소의 폭도 가장 작았다. 반면, $30^{\circ}C$에서는 모두 현저히 낮게 나타났다. 휴면율과 고사율은 대부분 고온으로 갈수록 높게 나타났다. 특히, 휴면율은 $30^{\circ}C$에서 그 차이가 현저하였으며, 고사율에 비해서도 높은 수치를 보였다. 온도 및 NaCl의 농도에 대한 상호연관성을 알아보고자 two-way ANOVA 분석을 실시한 결과 두 요인 및 요인간 상호작용에서 유의성이 인정되었다(p<0.001). 평균발아일수는 온도 및 NaCl 농도가 증가함에 따라 대체적으로 증가하는 경향을 보여 발아가 지연되었음을 나타냈다. 그러나 $30^{\circ}C$에서는 NaCl의 독성에 의해 고사종자가 발생하여 증가 후 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다. 발아속도와 발아균일지수는 온도 및 NaCl 농도가 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. 상대수분흡수율은 $15^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높게 나타났으며, NaCl 농도가 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 또한 발아율, 발아속도 및 발아 균일지수와 높은 정(+)의 상관을 나타내었다. 결과적으로, 고온과 염류는 측백나무 종자의 발아를 저해하는 요인으로 작용하므로 발아율, 발아속도 및 발아균일지수의 감소를 줄이기 위해 노지 파종시 이들 요인에 대한 고려가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.223-231
• /
• 2019

Castanopsis indica (Sil Batna) is an ecologically valuable multipurpose indigenous tree species of Bangladesh. Considering its high value but poor natural regeneration due to seed dormancy, the authors conducted an experiment at the Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences Chittagong University (IFESCU) during 2012-2013 to find out effective pre-sowing treatments. Ten pre-sowing seed treatments were applied on mature, even-sized seeds namely-control; sandpaper rubbing; nail clipping; immersion in normal water (at room temperature: 24℃) for 24 hrs., 48 hrs. and 72 hrs.; immersion in hot water (80℃) for 1 minute; soaking in 10% dilute H₂SO₄; soaking in 10% HCl for 5 minutes; and sowing in propagator house. Seeds sown after sandpaper rubbing at the distal end revealed best performances by providing highest germination percent (66.7%), germination energy (30%), germination index (0.17), germination rate (0.0145), germination value (30%) and plant percent (66.7%) within shortest period (38 days). The treatment also produced most vigor seedlings with 20.9 cm shoot height, 15 node number, and largest leaves (11.1 cm×2.9 cm). Hence, it is recommended to adopt sandpaper rubbing method for maximum germination and quality seedlings.