• 제목/요약/키워드: Germ Cell Marker

검색결과 35건 처리시간 0.025초

Differentiation of human male germ cells from Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells

  • Dissanayake, DMAB;Patel, H;Wijesinghe, PS
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • 제45권2호
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    • pp.75-81
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    • 2018
  • Objective: Recapitulation of the spermatogenesis process in vitro is a tool for studying the biology of germ cells, and may lead to promising therapeutic strategies in the future. In this study, we attempted to transdifferentiate Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) into male germ cells using all-trans retinoic acid and Sertoli cell-conditioned medium. Methods: Human WJ-MSCs were propagated by the explant culture method, and cells at the second passage were induced with differentiation medium containing all-trans retinoic acid for 2 weeks. Putative germ cells were cultured with Sertoli cell-conditioned medium at $36^{\circ}C$ for 3 more weeks. Results: The gene expression profile was consistent with the stage-specific development of germ cells. The expression of Oct4 and Plzf (early germ cell markers) was diminished, while Stra8 (a premeiotic marker), Scp3 (a meiotic marker), and Acr and Prm1 (postmeiotic markers) were upregulated during the induction period. In morphological studies, approximately 5% of the cells were secondary spermatocytes that had completed two stages of acrosome formation (the Golgi phase and the cap phase). A few spermatid-like cells that had undergone the initial stage of tail formation were also noted. Conclusion: Human WJ-MSCs can be transdifferentiated into more advanced stages of germ cells by a simple two-step induction protocol using retinoic acid and Sertoli cell-conditioned medium.

뇌하수체상부 배아세포종의 방사선치료 성적 (Radiation Therapy of Suprasellar Germ Cell Tumors)

  • 박우윤;최두호;최은경;김일한;하성환;박찬일
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • 제6권2호
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    • pp.169-176
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    • 1988
  • 1979년부터 1985년까지 서울대학교병원 치료방사선과에서 외부 방사선조사를 시행한 15명의 뇌하수체상부 배아세포종(전이송과선종) 환자에 대한 후향적 분석을 시행하였다. 생존자의 추적기간은 $30\~91$개월이었다. 10명의 환자는 방사선치료 전 조직학적으로 진단되었으며 나머지 5명은 조직학적 진단이 없이 방사선치료를 시행하였단 조직학적으로 진단된 9명중 배아세포종 환자 6명은 전뇌와 척추에 3명은 전뇌 조사를 시행하였다. 혼합 배아세포종 및 종양 marker양성인 5명의 환자 중 2명은 전뇌, 그리고 1명은 원발병소 부위에만 방사선치료를 시행하였다. 총 방사선량은 원발병소에 $5,000\~5,500 cGy$, 전뇌에 $3,000\~4,400 cGy$ 그리고 척추에 >$1,300\~3,000 cGy$였다. 상기 그룹 14명의 환자에서 원발병소는 완전 관해 되었으며 척추실패는 관찰되지 많았다. 조직학적 진만이 없고 marker의 상승이 없었던 한 환자에서 전뇌 방사선조사를 시행하였으나 원발병소의 완전관해 없이 척추 재발이 발생하였다. 방사선치료는 뇌하수체상부 배아세포종에 유효한 치료방법이며 신경 내분비학적 양상과 함께 조직학적 진단이 불가능한 경우에 있어서 소량의 방사선치료 후 관해정도 관찰은 이후의 치료방향설정에 유용한 수단으로 이용될 수 있다.

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Isolation and Identification of Prepubertal Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Spermatogonial Stem Cells

  • Feng, Wanyou;Chen, Shibei;Do, Dagiang;Liu, Qinyou;Deng, Yanfei;Lei, Xiaocan;Luo, Chan;Huang, Ben;Shi, Deshun
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제29권10호
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    • pp.1407-1415
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    • 2016
  • Isolation and culture of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are attractive for production of genetic modified offspring. In the present study, buffalo spermatogonial stem-like cells were isolated, cultured and expression pattern of different germ cell marker genes were determined. To recover spermatogonia, testes from age 3 to 7 months of buffalo were decapsulated, and seminiferous tubules were enzymatically dissociated. Two types of cells, immature sertoli cell and type A spermatogonia were observed in buffalo testes in this stage. Germ cell marker genes, OCT3/4 (Pou5f1), THY-1, c-kit, PGP9.5 (UCHL-1) and Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, were determined to be expressed both in mRNA and protein level by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunostaining in buffalo testes and buffalo spermatogonial stem-like cells, respectively. In the following, when the isolated buffalo buffalo spermatogonial stem-like cells were cultured in the medium supplemented 2.5% fetal bovine serum and 40 ng/mL glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor medium, SSCs proliferation efficiency and colony number were significantly improved than those of other groups (p<0.05). These findings may help in isolation and establishing long term in vitro culture system for buffalo spermatogonial stem-like cells, and accelerating the generation of genetic modified buffaloes.

Molecular Mechanism of Male Germ Cell Apoptosis after Busulfan Treatment

  • Kim, Jin-Hoi
    • 한국수정란이식학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국수정란이식학회 2002년도 국제심포지엄
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    • pp.63-65
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    • 2002
  • Identification of spermatogonial stem cell-specific surface molecules is important in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the maintenance and differentiation of these cells. We have found that spermatogonia from busulfan treated mice expressed an autoantigen that distinguishes between undifferentiated and differentiated spermatogonia. Four to six weeks after busulfan treatment, germ cells located in the basal compartment of seminiferous epithelium show isotype-specific IgG deposits that form due to autoimmunity. Before busulfan treatment, the level of testicular IgG was very low but IgG levels began to increase after week 4 and peaked at week 6. When cells from the busulfan treated testis were analyzed using laser scanning cytomeoy (LSC), the frequency of cells positive for IgG deposits, 6-integrin, and 1-integrin were 16.5${\pm}$3.8%, 11.8${\pm}$2.6%, and 9.0${\pm}$ 1.4%, respectively. Immunofluorescent staining suggested that most, if not all of the cells with IgG-deposits isolated from a laminin-coated dish, were also positive for a spermatogonial stem cell marker \ulcorner6-integrins as well as for a germ cell-specific marker TRA 98. We determined serum and intratesticular IgG levels and the soundness of seminiferous tubule basement membrane from busulfan treated mice using electron microscopy, in order to study the mechanism responsible for IgG deposits in spermatogonia. We found that the basement membranes of seminiferous tubules from busulfan treated mice were severely impaired when compared to those of normal adult, neonates and w/wv mice. Furthermore, new blood cells were observed in the surface of the damaged basement membrane along the seminiferous tubules. These results suggest that the IgG in spermatogonial stem cells accumulates from circulating blood through the impaired basement membranes induced by busulfan treatment. Taken together, our study suggests that IgG can be used as a new marker for undifferentiated spermatogonia cells.

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Expression of Murine Asb-9 During Mouse Spermatogenesis

  • Lee, Man Ryul;Kim, Soo Kyoung;Kim, Jong Soo;Rhim, Si Youn;Kim, Kye-Seong
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제26권6호
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    • pp.621-624
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    • 2008
  • We previously showed that Asb-4 and Asb-17 is uniquely expressed in developing male germ cells. A recent report showed that Asb-9 is specifically expressed in the kidney and testes; however, detailed expression patterns in developing germ cells have not been shown. Northern blot analysis in various tissues demonstrated that mAsb-9 was strongly expressed in the testes. Expression analysis by RT-PCR and Northern blot in developing mouse testes indicates that mAsb-9 is expressed from the fourth week after birth to adulthood, with the highest expression in round spermatids. Expression sites were further localized by in situ hybridization in the testes. Pachytene spermatocytes and spermatids expressed mAsb-9 but spermatogonia and generated spermatozoa did not. This study reveals that mAsb-9 could be a specific marker of active spermatogenesis and would be useful for studies of male germ cell development.

Comparative Analysis for In Vitro Differentiation Potential of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Embryonic Stem Cells, and Multipotent Spermatogonial Stem Cells into Germ-lineage Cells

  • Go, Young-Eun;Kim, Hyung-Joon;Jo, Jung-Hyun;Lee, Hyun-Ju;Do, Jeong-Tae;Ko, Jung-Jae;Lee, Dong-Ryul
    • 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.41-52
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    • 2011
  • In the present study, embryoid bodies (EBs) obtained from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were induced to differentiate into germ lineage cells by treatment with bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and retinoic acid (RA). The results were compared to the results for embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and multipotent spermatogonial stem cells (mSSCs) and quantified using immunocytochemical analysis of germ cell-specific markers (integrin-${\alpha}6$, GFR-${\alpha}1$, CD90/Thy1), fluorescence activating cell sorting (FACS), and real time-RT-PCR. We show that the highest levels of germ cell marker-expressing cells were obtained from groups treated with 10 ng/$m{\ell}$ BMP4 or 0.01 ${\mu}M$ RA. In the BMP4-treated group, GFR-${\alpha}1$ and CD90/Thy-1 were highly expressed in the EBs of iPSCs and ESCs compared to EBs of mSSCs. The expression of Nanog was much lower in iPSCs compared to ESCs and mSSCs. In the RA treated group, the level of GFR-${\alpha}1$ and CD90/Thy-1 expression in the EBs of mSSCs Induced pluripotent stem cells, Mouse embryonic stem cells, Multipotent spermatogonial stem cells, Germ cell lineage, Differentiation potential. was much higher than the levels found in the EBs of iPSCs and similar to the levels found in the EBs of ESCs. FACS analysis using integrin-${\alpha}6$, GFR-${\alpha}1$, CD90/Thy1 and immunocytochemistry using GFR-${\alpha}1$ antibody showed similar gene expression results. Therefore our results show that iPSC has the potential to differentiate into germ cells and suggest that a protocol optimizing germ cell induction from iPSC should be developed because of their potential usefulness in clinical applications requiring patient-specific cells.

A demonstration of the H3 trimethylation ChIP-seq analysis of galline follicular mesenchymal cells and male germ cells

  • Chokeshaiusaha, Kaj;Puthier, Denis;Nguyen, Catherine;Sananmuang, Thanida
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제31권6호
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    • pp.791-797
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    • 2018
  • Objective: Trimethylation of histone 3 (H3) at 4th lysine N-termini (H3K4me3) in gene promoter region was the universal marker of active genes specific to cell lineage. On the contrary, coexistence of trimethylation at 27th lysine (H3K27me3) in the same loci-the bivalent H3K4m3/H3K27me3 was known to suspend the gene transcription in germ cells, and could also be inherited to the developed stem cell. In galline species, throughout example of H3K4m3 and H3K27me3 ChIP-seq analysis was still not provided. We therefore designed and demonstrated such procedures using ChIP-seq and mRNA-seq data of chicken follicular mesenchymal cells and male germ cells. Methods: Analytical workflow was designed and provided in this study. ChIP-seq and RNA-seq datasets of follicular mesenchymal cells and male germ cells were acquired and properly preprocessed. Peak calling by Model-based analysis of ChIP-seq 2 was performed to identify H3K4m3 or H3K27me3 enriched regions ($Fold-change{\geq}2$, $FDR{\leq}0.01$) in gene promoter regions. Integrative genomics viewer was utilized for cellular retinoic acid binding protein 1 (CRABP1), growth differentiation factor 10 (GDF10), and gremlin 1 (GREM1) gene explorations. Results: The acquired results indicated that follicular mesenchymal cells and germ cells shared several unique gene promoter regions enriched with H3K4me3 (5,704 peaks) and also unique regions of bivalent H3K4m3/H3K27me3 shared between all cell types and germ cells (1,909 peaks). Subsequent observation of follicular mesenchyme-specific genes-CRABP1, GDF10, and GREM1 correctly revealed vigorous transcriptions of these genes in follicular mesenchymal cells. As expected, bivalent H3K4m3/H3K27me3 pattern was manifested in gene promoter regions of germ cells, and thus suspended their transcriptions. Conclusion: According the results, an example of chicken H3K4m3/H3K27me3 ChIP-seq data analysis was successfully demonstrated in this study. Hopefully, the provided methodology should hereby be useful for galline ChIP-seq data analysis in the future.

Busulfan-Induced IgG-Protein Complex of Germ Cells and Its Utility for Selection of Spermatogonial Stem Cells

  • 주학진;천영신;권득남;김진회
    • 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국동물번식학회 2001년도 춘계학술발표대회
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    • pp.38-38
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    • 2001
  • Spermatogonial stem cells은 sperrnatogenesis에서 중요한 역할을 하며, 곡세정관의 기저막에 위치하고 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나, 그 동안 이 세포에 특이하게 발현되는 marker가 거의 알려져 있지 않아 spermatogonial stem cell의 연구에 많은 어려움을 가져왔다. 최근 일반적인 stem cell이 갖는 특성 중, 기저막과 상호작용을 하는 surface protein으로 integrin이 존재한다는 사실을 이용하여, anti-$\alpha$$_{6}$/ 또는 anti-$\beta$$_1$ integrin항체로 germ cell을 선발하여 정소에 이식한 결과, 높은 효율로 이식세포유래의 정자발생이 가능하다는 결과가 보고되었다 (Shinohara et al., 1999). 한편, 항암제의 일종인 busulfan을 마우스에 투여(40mg/kg)한 후 4-5주가 경과하면 세정관의 기저막에 위치하는 spermatogonia를 제외하고 대부분의 생식세포는 소멸한다 본 실험의 목적은 이러한 사실들을 이용하여 spermatogonial stem cell의 특성을 밝히고, 이 생식세포를 보다 간편하고 손쉽게 선발할 수 있는 시스템을 확립하는데 있다. Busulfan처리 후 5주가 경과된 마우스와 정상적인 13주령의 마우스 testis로부터 세포를 분리한 후 FITC-conjugated anti-IgG를 이용한 면역형광법으로 측정.분석한 결과, 형광표식된 세포비율이 대조군과 비교하여 busulfan을 처리한 경우에서 유의적인 증가를 보였다.(17$\pm$3.8%. 0.7$\pm$0.3% busulfan vs control). 또한, IgG와 결합한 단백질이 존재하는 이들 세포들은 곡세정관의 기저막을 따라 위치하며, 단백질과 복합체를 형성한 IgG는 anti-Ig $G_{2a}$와 반응하지 않는다는 사실을 관찰했다. 이러한 IgG 복합체를 형성한 세포들의 특성을 이용하여, IgG와 반응을 하지 않는 것으로 확인된 이차 항체인 an1i-Ig $G_{2}$와 일차 항체인 anti-$\alpha$$_{6}$ 또는 anti-$\beta$$_1$ integrin항체를 이용하여 측정.분석하였다. Busulfan을 처리한 마우스 정소에서 분리한 세포를 다시 laminin으로 코팅된 dish에서 선발.회수해서, anti-lgG, anti-$\alpha$$_{6}$ 또는 anti-$\beta$$_1$ integrin항체로 각각 표식된 세포비율을 비교하였다. Laminin으로부터 선발.회수한 세포에서는 IgG복합체가 $\alpha$$_{6}$ 또 는 $\beta$$_1$integrin과 거의 같은 수준에서 높은 비율로 표식되었다. 결론적으로, busulfan에 의해 유도된 IgG와 결합가능한 단백질은 $\alpha$$_{6}$$\beta$$_1$ integrin과 마찬가지로 immunoglobulin G를 이용하여 spermatogonial stem cell의 선발을 가능하게 했다. 따라서, busulfan처리시 IgG는 미분화된 정조세포의 선발을 위한 하나의 marker로서 사용가능함을 시사한다.다.

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Xenotransplantation of Pig Spermatogonia into Mouse Testis

  • 이미숙;최윤정;권득남;김진회
    • 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국동물번식학회 2003년도 학술발표대회 발표논문초록집
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    • pp.82-82
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    • 2003
  • The objective of the present study was to investigate the survival effect after transplantation of pig spermatogonia cells into mouse testis. Donor cells were collected from porcine testis and the isolated spermatogonial stem cells were labeled with a fluorescent marker before transplantation and transplanted into testes of busulfan-treated recipient mice. Testes were examined for the presence and localization of labeled donor cells immediately after transplantation or every week for 4 wk. Transplanted germ cells were present in the seminiferous epithelium at 4 weeks after the transplantation, but any differentiating porcine-derived cells were not detected in mouse testis. These results indicate that porcine-derived spermatogonial stem cells can be survived in the recipient, but suggest that porcine-derived male stem cells can not proceed to further differentiating step without helping of immunosuppressor agents.

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송과선 및 이소성 송과선 생식세포종의 감마 나이프 수술 후 재발 양상 (Failure Pattern of Pineal and Ectopic Pineal Germ Cell Tumor after Gamma Knife Radiosurgery)

  • 조흥래;손승창
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.92-100
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    • 2000
  • 목적 :본 연구의 목적은 뇌 생식 세포종 환자들의 방사선치료 시 가장 적절한 조사 영역을 알아보고자 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1993년부터 1998년까지 뇌 생식세포종으로 진단되거나 또는 추정되어 감마 나이프를 시행 받은 환자 19 명을 대상으로 분석하였다. 송과선 9예, 안상(suprasellar) 1예, 그 외 2군데 이상 다발성 병소가 9예였다. 조직이 확인이 된 예는 7예이었고 배아종(germ ceil tumor)이 5명, 내배엽동종(endodermal sinus tumor)이 2명이었다. 종양의 부피는 2.4 cm$^{3}$부터 74 cm$^{3}$ 까지 이었다. 감마나이프 방사선 치료는 50% 등선량 곡선을 중심으로 10 Gy부터 20 Gy에 걸쳐 조사되었다. 추적 기간은 10개월에서부터 54개월까지였다. 결과 : 총 19명 중 14명(74%)에서 재발을 하였다. 완전 관해와 부분 관해는 각각 2명(11%), 10명(53%)이었다. 무반응은 7명(36%)이었다. 원발 병소가 있었던 자리에서 재발한 경우가 2예, 치료 조사영역을 벗어났으나 원발 병소와 연결되어서 그 주위로 재발한 경우가 6예 이었다. 원발 병소와 떨어져서 뇌실 재발이 된 경우 3예, 척수 전이가 된 경우가 4예 이었다. 종양의 부피가 20 cm$^{3}$ 이하인 경우는 8예이었으며 이중 2예는 치료 조사영역 내에서만 재발한 경우, 4예는 원발 병소와 연이어져서 치료 부위 주위로 재발한 경우, 1예는 척수 전이된 경우이었다. 종양의 부피가 20 cm$^{3}$ 보다 큰 경우는 6예 이었으며 그 중 원발 병소와 연이어져서 치료 부위 주위에 재발한 경우 1예, 원발 병소와 떨어져서 뇌실 전이가 된 경우가 2예, 척수 전이를 일으킨 경우가 3예였다. 재발을 하지 않은 5예는 종양의 부피가 20 cm$^{3}$ 이하인 경우이고 모두 단일 병소이며 종양기표가 모두 정상이었다. 척수 전이는 4예(21%)에서 발생하였으며 모두 뇌실 침범이 있는 경우에 발생하였다. 총 9명의 다발성 병소 중 국소 재발만을 한 경우는 3경우이었고 나머지는 모두 치료 조사영역을 벗어나 원발 병소와 떨어져서 재발하였다. 결론 : 감마 나이프 치료가 뇌 생식세포종에 대한 치료로서는 부적절한 치료이며 이것은 감마 나이프의 특성인 작은 치료 용적과 조사 선량의 부적절함에서 기인하는 것으로 판단된다. 뇌 생식 세포종에서 병소 부위 만을 치료하는 경은 종양의 부피와 다발성 병소의 뇌실 침범 유무가 치료 성공의 열쇠이다. 20 cm$^{3}$ 이하, 단일 병소, 뇌실 침범이 혀는 경우, 정상적인 종양지표, 등이 가장 이상적인 적응증이 될 수 있다. 다발성 병소에서 뇌실 침범이나 뇌실 병소가 있을 경우는 예방적 뇌 척수 조사를 고려해야 할 것으로 생각된다. 병소의 크기가 cm$^{3}$ 보다 클 경우 다발성 병소인 경우, 종양지표의 증가가 있는 경우에는 확정적인 제안을 하기는 어렵지만 전 뇌실 조사 또는 부분방사선 조사가 시도될 수 있을 것으로 생각되며 이 경우가 선행 화학 요법과 함께 치료할 수 있는 대상이며, 앞으로 이 부분에 대한 연구가 계속 이루어질 것으로 생각된다.

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