• Advances in environmental research
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.247-262
• /
• 2015

The few lignin biomarker studies conducted in tropical environments are hampered by having to use references signatures established for plants and soils characteristic of the temperate zone. This study presents a lignin biomarker analysis (vanillyls (V), p-hydroxyls (P), syringyls (S), cinnamyls (C)) of the dominant plant species and soil horizons as well as an analysis of the interrelated terrigenous organic matter (TOM) dynamics between vegetation and soil of the $Tapaj{\acute{o}}s$ river region, an active colonization front in the Brazilian Amazon. We collected and analyzed samples from 17 fresh dominant plant species and 48 soil cores at three depths (0-5 cm, 20-25 cm, 50-55 cm) from primary rainforest, fallow forest, subsistence agriculture fields and pastures. Lignin signatures in tropical plants clearly distinguish from temperate ones with high ratios of Acid/aldehyde of vanillyls ((Ad/Al)v) and P/V+S. Contrary to temperate environments, similarly high ratios in tropical soils are not related to TOM degradation along with pedogenesis but to direct influence of plants growing on them. Lignin signatures of both plants and soils of primary rainforest and fallow forest clearly distinguish from those of non-forested areas, i.e., agriculture fields and pastures. Attalea speciosa Palm trees, an invasive species in all perturbed landscapes of the Amazon, exhibit lignin signatures clearly distinct from other dominant plant species. The study of lignin signatures in tropical areas thus represents a powerful tool to evaluate the impact of primary rainforest clearing on TOM dynamics in tropical areas.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.179-190
• /
• 2015

This study was carried out to suggest fundamental concepts and data ideas for biodiversity and confrontation strategy on global environmental changes by analyzing geomorphic milieu and geotop in Mt. Jeombong experimental forest. Elements of landform were classified as landform sets by scale. Scale for classification could be decide on four categories. We could classify landforms which scale zero is seven elements, scale one is twelve elements, scale two is fifteen elements, scale three is twenty nine elements. Especially mountain wetlands were classed as valley and channel types in Mt. Jeombong. Geotop by clustering methods could be four spatial units as 2, 3, 5, and 7 classes, and analyzed geodiversity as landform sets for explanation of vegetation distribution. Rate of rise of temperature was $0.031^{\circ}C$ per year, change ratio was increased $1.25^{\circ}C$, and also precipitation was increased 320mm during forty year(from year 1973 to year 2012). The result of this research can be affordable to provide information for forest management of mountainous areas.

• Advances in environmental research
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.81-98
• /
• 2013

Mercury (Hg) dynamics in the boreal environment have been a subject of concern in recent decades, due to the exposure of local populations to the contaminant. Land use, because of its impact on mercury inputs, has been highlighted as a key player in the sources and eventual concentrations of the heavy metal. In order to evaluate the impact of watershed disturbances on Hg dynamics in frequently fished, large boreal lakes, we studied sediment cores retrieved at the focal point of eight large lakes of Qu$\acute{e}$bec (Canada), six with watersheds affected by land uses such as logging and/or mining, and two with pristine watersheds, considered as reference lakes. Using a Geographical Information System (GIS), we correlated the recent evolution of land uses (e.g., logging and mining activities) and morphological characteristics of the watershed (e.g., mean slope of the drainage area, vegetation cover) to total Hg concentrations (THg) in sedimentary records. In each core, THg gradually increased over recent years with maximum values between 70 and 370 ng/g, the lowest mercury concentrations corresponding to the pristine lake cores. The Hg Anthropogenic Sedimentary Enrichment Factor (ASEF) values range from 2 to 15. Surprisingly, we noticed that the presence of intense land uses in the watershed does not necessarily correspond to noticeable increases of THg in lake sediments, beyond the normal increment that can be attributed to Hg atmospheric deposition since the beginning of the industrial era. Rather, the terrestrial Hg inputs of boreal lakes appear to be influenced by watershed characteristics such as mean slopes and vegetation cover.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2017.05a
• /
• pp.179-179
• /
• 2017

우리나라는 국토면적의 약 64%가 산지로 이루어져 있으며 동고서저의 지형을 이루고 있다. 강원도 영동지방의 경우는 고도가 높으며 경사가 급한 특징을 지니고 있으며 이러한 지형적 특징으로 태풍 및 집중호우 시, 산지재해에 취약할 수밖에 없다. 더욱이 최근, 기후변화로 인한 이상기후 현상에 의해 태풍 및 집중호우가 빈번해 산지재해의 발생빈도도 높아지고 있는 실정이다. 그에 따라 대규모의 인적, 물적 등의 피해 또한 증가하고 있다. 산지재해 같은 경우, 예측이 어려우나 그러한 피해를 줄이기 위해서는 산지재해의 발생예상 지역, 피해정도 및 규모에 대한 예측 자료가 필요하다. 재해지도는 그에 따른 예측 자료로써 대상 지역의 위험요인과 잠재적인 영향 등을 표시하여 재해를 예방하는 데에 목적을 두고 있다. 이러한 재해지도를 작성하기 위해 사용되는 기법으로는 정량적 기법의 대표적인 방법으로 결정론적 기법(SHALATAB, SINMAP, GEOtop-FS), 확률론적 기법(빈도비분석법, 우도비, 증거가중법 등), 통계적 기법(로지스틱 회귀분석, 인공신경망 기법)을 사용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 정량적 기법 중 하나인 결정론적 기법을 활용하여 위험지역을 분석하고 실제 위험지역과 비교하였다. 추후에 확률론적 기법과 통계적인 기법을 활용하여 위험지역을 분석하고자 한다.