• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2007년 가을학술발표회
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• pp.266-292
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• 2007

Round Robin Test (RRT) on ground response analyses was conducted for three sites in Korea based on several site investigation data, which include borehole logs with the N values from standard penetration test (SPT) for all three sites and additionally cone tip resistance profiles for two sites. Three input earthquake motions together with the site investigation data were provided for the RRT. A total of 12 teams participating in this RRT presented the results of ground response analyses using equivalent-linear and/or nonlinear method. Each team determined input geotechnical properties by using empirical relationships and literatures based on own judgment, with the exception of the input motions. Herein, the characteristics of input motions were compared in terms of the frequency and period, and the selection of the depth to bedrock, on which the motions is impinged, was discussed considering geologic conditions in Korea. Furthermore, a variety of geotechnical properties such as shear wave velocity profiles and soil nonlinear curves were investigated with the input properties used in this RRT.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.401-412
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• 2016

On Tuesday, January 17, 1995, an earthquake of magnitude 7.2 struck the Port of Kobe. In effect, the port was practically destroyed. After a hazard investigation, researchers reached a consensus to adopt a performance-based design in port and harbor structures in Japan. A residual displacement of geotechnical structures after an earthquake is one of the most important engineering demands in performance-based earthquake-resistant design. Thus, it is essential to provide reliable responses of geotechnical structures after an earthquake through various techniques. Today, a nonlinear explicit response history analysis(NERHA) of geotechnical structures is the most efficient way to achieve this goal. However, verification of the effective stress analysis, including post liquefaction behavior, is difficult to perform at a laboratory scale. This study aims to rigorously verify the NERHA by using well-defined field measurements, existing numerical tools, and constitutive models. The man-made, Port Island, in Kobe provides intensive hazard investigation data, strong motion records of 1995 Kobe earthquake, and sufficient engineering parameters of the soil. Two dimensional numerical analysis was conducted on the caisson quay wall section at Port Island subjected to the 1995 Kobe earthquake. The analysis result matches very well with the hazard investigation data. The NERHA procedure presented in this paper can be used in further studies to explain and examine the effects of other factors on the seismic behavior of gravity quay walls in liquefiable soil areas.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2014

한대지역은 계절 변화에 따라 동결융해가 반복되는 상부의 활동층과 하부의 영하상태로 항시 유지되는 영구동토층으로 구성되어 있다. 한대지역에서 여름철에는 동결되어 있는 지반을 융해시키기 때문에 지반 강도저하 및 침하가 발생한다. 이러한 강도저하 및 침하는 상부 구조물의 구조적 안정성에 문제를 야기시켜 활동층을 포함하고 있는 한대지역에서는 지반의 온도를 항시 영하상태로 유지할 수 있는 동결지반 안정화 공법이 필요하다. 열사이펀이란 구조체 내부에 충전된 냉매의 자가적인 열순환에 의해 지반의 온도를 항시 영하상태로 유지할 수 있는 지반 안정화 공법 이다. 본 연구에서는 열사이펀의 지반 동결성능을 분석하기 위해 R-134a 냉매를 이용하여 충전율에 따른 열사이펀의 지반 온도제어를 실내실험과 수치해석을 통해 분석하고 열사이펀의 열전도율을 산정하였다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.221-230
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• 2023

This study proposes a methodology for assessing seismic liquefaction hazard by implementing high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) ground models with high-density/high-precision site investigation data acquired in an area of interest, which would be linked to geotechnical numerical analysis tools. It is possible to estimate the vulnerability of earthquake-induced geotechnical phenomena (ground motion amplification, liquefaction, landslide, etc.) and their triggering complex disasters across an area for urban development with several stages of high-density datasets. In this study, the spatial-ground models for city development were built with a 3D high-precision grid of 5 m × 5 m × 1 m by applying geostatistic methods. Finally, after comparing each prediction error, the geotechnical model from the Gaussian sequential simulation is selected to assess earthquake-induced geotechnical hazards. In particular, with seven independent input earthquake motions, liquefaction analysis with finite element analyses and hazard mappings with LPI and LSN are performed reliably based on the spatial geotechnical models in the study area. Furthermore, various phenomena and parameters, including settlement in the city planning area, are assessed in terms of geotechnical vulnerability also based on the high-resolution spatial-ground modeling. This case study on the high-precision 3D ground model-based zonations in the area of interest verifies the usefulness in assessing spatially earthquake-induced hazards and geotechnical vulnerability and their decision-making support.

• 지질공학
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.457-468
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• 2020

플랜트, 토목 및 건축 사업에서 말뚝(Pile) 설계 시 어려움을 겪는 주된 요인은 지반 특성의 불확실성이다. 특히 표준관입시험(Standard Penetration Test, SPT)을 통해 측정되는 N치를 얻는 것이 가장 중요한 자료이나 광범위한 모든 지역에서 구하는 것은 어려운 현실이다. 짧은 해외사업 입찰기간 내에 시추조사를 할 경우 인허가, 시간, 비용, 장비접근, 민원 등 많은 제약요건이 존재하여 전체적인 시추조사가 어렵다. 미시추 지점에서 지반 특성은 엔지니어의 경험적 판단에 의존하여 파악되고 있고, 이는 말뚝의 설계 및 물량산출 오류로 이어져서, 공기 지연 및 원가 증가의 원인이 되고 있다. 이를 극복하기 위해서, 한정된 최소한의 지반 실측 자료를 활용하여 미시추 지점에서도 N치를 예측 할 수 있는 기술이 요구되며, 본 연구에서는 AI기법 중 하나인 인공신경망을 적용하여 N치를 예측하는 연구를 수행하였다. 인공신경망은 제한된 양의 지반정보와 생물학적인 로직화 과정을 통하여 입력변수에 대한 보다 신뢰성 있는 결과를 제공하여 준다. 본 연구에서는 최소한의 시추자료의 지반정보를 입력항목으로 하여 다층퍼셉트론과 오류역전파 알고리즘에 의하여 학습된 패턴을 가지고 미시추 지점에서 N치를 예측하는데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 위하여 2개 현장(필리핀, 인도네시아)에 AI기법 적용시 실측값과 예측값에 대한 적정성을 검토하였고, 그 결과 예측값에 대한 신뢰도가 높은 것으로 연구 검토되었다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2003년도 사면안정학술발표회
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• pp.23-32
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• 2003

In order to reduce the damage of property and the loss of lives caused by slope failure, the development of an efficient cut slope management system and the proposal of an appropriate countermeasure are required. However, recognizing the cause of slope failure and proposing the adequate countermeasure for failure are difficult tasks because slope failure is occurred by many complicated failure reasons. Therefore, the cut slope database system is developed in this study for the effective tool which Is able to analyze the characteristics and relationship for reasons of slope failure. In addition, this system contributes to the curtailment of governmental budget spending for countermeasures of slope. Moreover, GIS system will be adopted to the database system and the investigation of characteristics relationship between one and another area is in progress.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.749-758
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• 2010

Embankment Slope (or Fill Slope) is defined as artificial slope formed by the filling of soil or rocks on the original ground. Recently a lot of embankment failures and collapse has occurred due to the increase of torrential rainfall and typhoons. Embankment collapse has lead to a great loss of lives and property therefore there is a need to establish a systematic embankment slope management system that will handle the maintenance and repair of risky embankment slopes. The objective of this study is to establish an "Embankment Slope Management Method" for embankment slopes located along national highways all over Korea. The method for field investigation of embankment slopes was recommended and the system for investment priority determination was also developed. The factors that lead to the collapse of embankment slopes caused by natural calamities were also determined through the initial survey of embankment slopes located along river fronts and mountainous areas.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.687-697
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• 2010

This study was designed to carry out studies on critical seepage velocity and critical hydraulic gradient using a piping test targeting SM and ML which are widely distributed ahead of and behind the depth of E.L(-)10m in Saemangeum area in order to examine stability of embankment built on the ground vulnerable to piping. The effects of relative densities on critical hydraulic gradient and critical velocity were also compared and analyzed using empirical formula and theoretical formula, and relative densities were set up as respectively 9%, 25%, 50%, and 75% for this experiment. As a result, for critical hydraulic gradient, most of specimens detected piping at lower values than the empirical formula of Terzaghi(1922). It is, therefore, considered that the empirical formula devised by Kalin(1977) or Hayashi(1978) is more reasonable to be conservative. It was also found that critical velocity decreased as relative density increased, and critical velocity predicted was mostly lower than the theoretical formula.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.1294-1301
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• 2010

In this study, a case study, where a hazard management for tunnel collapses has been quantitatively undertaken based on the KICT Tunnel Hazard(KTH) index, is presented. From this, it was able to timely inform the field engineers when the more detailed investigation is required for checking if any risky factor is shown on the tunnel face. At the same time, variable additional information such as sensitivities of major influence factors are also provided to field engineers from the methodology given in this study. The additional information would be helpful for better understanding of tunnel hazard level at the current tunnelling stage and following the required actions for more detailed checks of risky factors.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2006년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.939-948
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• 2006

The structural anisotropy and heterogeneity of rock mass, caused by discontinuities and weak zones, have a great influence on the deformation behavior of tunnel. Tunnel construction in these complex ground conditions is very difficult. No matter how excellent a geological investigation is, local uncertainties of rock mass conditions still remain. Under these uncertain circumstances, an accurate forecast of the ground conditions ahead of the advancing tunnel face is indispensable to safe and economic tunnel construction. This paper presents the effect of anisotropy and heterogeneity of the rock masses to be excavated by numerical analysis. The influences of distance from weak zone, the size or dimension, the different stiffness and the orientation of weak zones are analysedby 2-D and 3-D finite element analysis. By analysing these numerical results, the tunnel behavior due to excavation can be well understood and the prediction of rock mass condition ahead of tunnel face can be possible.