• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.353-364
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• 2016

Yangon city is experienced a rapid urban expansion over the last two decades due to accelerate with the socioeconomic development. This research work studied an investigation into the application of the integration of the Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) for observing Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) patterns and evaluate its impact on Land Surface Temperature (LST) of the downtown, suburban 1 and suburban 2 of Yangon city. The main purpose of this paper was to examine and analyze the variation of the spatial distribution property of the LULC of urban spatial information related with the LST and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) using RS and GIS. This paper was observed on image processing of LULC classification, LST and NDVI were extracted from Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) image data. Then, LULC pattern was linked with the variation of LST data of the Yangon area for the further connection of the correlation between surface temperature and urban structure. As a result, NDVI values were used to examine the relation between thermal behavior and condition of land cover categories. The spatial distribution of LST has been found mixed pattern and higher LST was located with the scatter pattern, which was related to certain LULC types within downtown, suburban 1 and 2. The result of this paper, LST and NDVI analysis exhibited a strong negative correlation without water bodies for all three portions of Yangon area. The strongest coefficient correlation was found downtown area (-0.8707) and followed suburban 1 (-0.7526) and suburban 2(-0.6923).

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.9 s.89
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• pp.1217-1223
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• 2007

I investigated the reproduction system of nine natural populations of P. discolor in Korea and two Mongolian P. conferta populations. The measurements of 19 quantitative or qualitative morphological characters were taken on each of total individuals directly from their natural habitats. Multivariate principal component analyses (PCA) were conducted to detect differences among populations consid-ering several characters simultaneously of variances using the statistical analysis system. 19 morpho-logical characteristics between Korean Potentilla species and Mongolian Potentilla species showed a slight heterogeneity of variance. The length of internodes (LFL and LSI) and characteristics of root (LLR and NOR) were shown a significant difference between two species (P<0.05). The number of ra-mets in P. conferta decreased with increasing geographic distance from viviparity. However, P. discolor has most ramets at distance intervals $60{\sim}80$ cm. In light conditions, P. discolor was significantly less resilience than P. conferta. In drought conditions, although there was not shown significant difference, P. conferta was less resilience than P. discolor. The core analysis indicates that P. conferta is the more resistant species than P. discolor and usually propagates by clonal growth during several strong envi-ronmental disadvantages such as drought events.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.85-92
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• 2016

Slope is one of the most important factor in land development permission standards. In guideline of "Land Suitability Assessment" or "Forest Land Conversion Standard", average slope can be measured using digital map and GIS for target area. Inputs in slope calculation are 1/5,000 digital map of NGII(National Geographic Information Institute) or digital information of Korea Land Information System. Many confusions occur in the field, as there is no standard for slope calculation and are lots of slope calculation methods using contour lines or DEM derived from them. Avoiding these confusions, this study was intended to propose a standardized method for slope calculation and a selection method for a suitable resolution. In this study, using DEM of optimum grid size according to the complexity of topography with finite difference method is suggested as improved slope calculation method, after comparing several representative slope calculation methods.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.57-67
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• 1994

The National Park should be preserved as described in the regulation. However, the development has resulted in degrading the environment in the park. Especially, the collective facility area has been developed for the commercial benefit rather than for the preservation. So, it is necessary to figure out the impact of the development plan proposed. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore the hydrologic effects due to the collective facility area development in the National Park. The study site is the second collective facility area of Mt. Kyeryong National Park. The analysis of hydrologic effects due to the development has been carried out using the GIS in this study. The Rational Method and Soil Conservation Service(SCS) were used to estimate the runoff volume. During this procedure, GIS software, ARC/INFO was used to integrate, manipulate, and calculate the attribute value of a number of ploygons which represen each land use characteristic. A program was written to compute the attribute value of each polygon and to estimate the difference of peaktime runoff volume before and after development.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2000

Taegu is notorious as hot and dry summer among Korea cities. One of the most important goals of the open space planning is to ameliorate urban climate of the city. The objective of this research is to evaluate the thermal mitigation effect of the cool islands in Taegu metropolitan city. Cool islands of this paper includes parks and rivers surrounded by or adjacent to urbanized areas. Based on the analysis of the thermal band of Landsat TM at May 17, 1997, the thermal mitigation effect of open spaces in the city could be summarized as follows ; Kumho river showed the largest mitigation effect in terms of the width of mitigation zone and temperature difference. Evaporation from wide water surface and evapo-transpiration from riparian grass land could bring into results. Significant mitigation effect of parks covered with forest can be observed. The temperature range of such parks were between 19.05$^{\circ}C$ and 19.44$^{\circ}C$ However, the thermal mitigation effect of Dalsung park and Apsan park was insignificant. The small size and high percentage of hard paving of the former and the relative low density of the residential areas adjacent to the latter could be the main reason. In conclusion, the thermal mitigation effect in urban ope spaces could be detectedby the employment of thermal band data of Landsat TM and GIS buffering technique.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.112.1-112
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• 2003

Genetic diversity of Plasmodiophora brassicae from major chinese cabbage cultivating areas in Korea was analyzed by using PCR-RFLP and RAPD. Single spores of P brassicae isolated from galls of club root made induce lesion on chinese cabbage successfully. The PCR-RFLP and RAPD by primers PbITS, URP 3, 6 and OPA 7 revealed that single spore isolates showed various DNA polymorphisms among them unrelated geographic origins. These results indicate that P. brassicae population in Korea showed genetic difference among them. This study could be facilitate to identify genetic characteristics ofP. brassicae based on DNA polymorphisms between single spore isolates and to get basic information which can be used to advanced resistance breeding against club root of chinese cabbage.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.359-364
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• 2011

The seven selected primers OPA-02, OPA-04, OPA-18, OPD-07, OPD-08, OPD-15 and OPD-16 were used to generate unique shared loci to each species and shared loci by the two species. The hierarchical dendrogram indicates three main branches: cluster 1 (RORETZI 01~RORETZI 11) and cluster 2 (HILGENDORF 12~HILGENDORF 22) from two geographic populations of ascidians, Halocynthia roretzi and H. hilgendorfi. The shortest genetic distance displaying significant molecular difference was between individuals' HILGENDORF no. 14~HILGENDORF no. 19 (genetic distance =0.008). Ultimately, individual no. 02 of the RORETZI ascidian was most distantly related to HILGENDORF no. 21 (genetic distance=0.781). These results demonstrate that the H. roretzi population is genetically different from the H. hilgendorfi population. From what has been said above, the potential of PCR analysis to identify diagnostic markers for the identification of two ascidian populations has been demonstrated. Generally speaking, using a variety of decamer primers, this PCR method has been applied to identify specific markers particular to line, species and geographical population, as well as genetic diversity/polymorphism in diverse species of organisms.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.735-742
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• 2009

National Geographic Institute recently has produced a national paper map by means of a computer aided editing system using a national digital map 2.0. However, the map generalization should be made due to the portrayal difference between the digital map and the paper one and the criterion of the map generalization should be determined by the visual image. The tolerance limit of the map generalization has to be decided based on human vision. For this purpose, this study attempts to measure the size of the building on various scale map and then analyze its result. As a consequence, this study shows us that the building size eligible for human vision should be over 0.4mm in the short side of building on the map. The tolerance limit of an isolated building, a reduced building and a densely built-up area for the map generalization is based on the criterion mentioned above.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.357-364
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• 2017

The purpose of the study is to develop and validate landslide susceptibility map of Bhotang village development committee, Nepal using FR (Frequency Ration) and SI (Statistical Index) methods. For the purpose, firstly, a landslide inventory map was constructed based on mainly high resolution satellite images available in Google Earth Pro, and rest fieldwork as verification. Secondly, ten conditioning factors of landslide occurrence, namely: altitude, slope, aspect, mean topographic wetness index, landcover, normalized difference vegetation index, dominant soil, distance to river, distance to lineaments and rainfall, were derived and used for the development of landslide susceptibility map in GIS (Geographic Information System) environment. The landslide inventory of total 116 landslides was divided randomly such that 70% were used for training and remaining 30% for validating result by receiver operating characteristics curve analysis. The area under the curve were found to be greater than 0.7 indicating an acceptable susceptibility maps obtained using FR and SI methods in GIS for hilly region of Nepal.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.333-342
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• 2018

Intracranial germ cell tumors (iGCTs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors with peculiar characteristics clearly distinguished from other brain tumors of neuroepithelial origin. Diverse histology, similarity to gonadal GCT, predilection to one sex, and geographic difference in incidence all present enigmas and fascinating challenges. The treatment of iGCT has advanced for germinoma to date; thus, clinical attention has shifted from survival to long-term quality of life. However, for non-germinomatous GCT, current protocols provide only modest improvement and more innovative therapies are needed. Recently, next-generation sequencing studies have revealed the genomic landscape of iGCT. Novel mutations in the KIT-RAS-MAPK and AKT-MTOR pathways were identified. More importantly, methylation profiling revealed a new method to assess the pathogenesis of iGCT. Molecular research will unleash new knowledge on the origin of iGCT and solve the many mysteries that have lingered on this peculiar neoplasm for a long time.