• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.440-444
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• 2014

Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) is a plant pathogenic virus which has been reported to continuously occur in onion bulbs, allium field crops, seed crops, lisianthus, and irises. In South Korea, IYSV is a "controlled" virus that has not been reported, and inspection is performed when crops of the genus Iris are imported into South Korea. In this study, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and nested PCR inspection methods, which can detect IYSV, from imported crops of the genus Iris at quarantine sites, were developed. In addition, a modified positive plasmid, which can be used as a positive control during inspection, was developed. This modified plasmid can facilitate a more accurate inspection by enabling the examination of a laboratory contamination in an inspection system. The inspection methods that were developed in this study are expected to contribute, through the prompt and accurate inspection of IYSV at quarantine sites to the plant quarantine in South Korea.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.24-24
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• 2019

Iris L. is a perennial genus comprising approximately 300 species worldwide, with the greatest number of endemic species occurring in Asia. Iris is one of the largest genera in the family Iridaceae and includes ca. 15 species native to Korea. Although chromosome number change, karyotype restructuring, and genome size variation play an important role in plant genome diversification, understanding the karyotype variation in Korean Iris species has been hampered by the wide range of base chromosome number (x = 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22) reported to date. This study documents the chromosome numbers, karyotype structure and genome size variation in Iris ruthenica K. Gawl., an endangered species in Korea obtained using classic Feulgen staining and flow cytometry. The chromosome number of all investigated plants from the nine populations was 2n = 42. All individuals studied possessed metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes. The genome size of the I. ruthenica in eight wild populations ranged from 2.39 pg/1C to 2.45 pg/1C ($2.42{\pm}0.02pg/1C$: $mean{\pm}SD$). This study provides the first report of genome size variation in Iris ruthenica in Korea. This study lays foundation for cytogenetic further analyses employing by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to better understand the chromosomal evolution in this species and in the whole genus.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.227-235
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• 2013

한국산 붓꽃속 16종과 1종의 외군을 대상으로 유연관계 및 분류학적 실체를 파악하기 위하여 분자계통학적 연구를 수행하였다. 연구결과, 한국산 붓꽃속은 5개의 Clade로 나타났으며, Clade I에는 Series Laevigatae, Tripetalae, Laevigatae, Sibiricae, Clade II에는 Series Ruthenicae, Easatae, Clade III에는 Series Chinensis, Clade IV에는 Series Chinensis, Clade V에는 Series Crossiris, Pumilae, Pardanthopsis로 나타났다. 대청부채, 만주붓꽃, 연미붓꽃은 하나의 단계통을 형성하여 가장 기저부에 위치하였고, 금붓꽃과 노랑붓꽃은 독립적인 분계조를 형성하지 못하여 두 종의 관계가 명확하지 않았다. 연미붓꽃은 Crossiris속의 Crossiris절로 분류체계를 설정하였다. Chinensis계열은 금붓꽃계열(노랑무늬붓꽃, 금붓꽃, 노랑붓꽃)과 각시붓꽃계열(넓은잎각시붓꽃, 각시붓꽃)로 뚜렷히 구분되었다. 붓꽃속은 크게 4아속(Limniris, Crossiris, Iris, Pardanthopsis)으로 나눠지며, Pardanthopsis아속, Iris아속 그리고 Crossiris아속에서 Limniris아속으로 분화되는 경향성을 나타내었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.36-42
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• 2000

The coat protein gene of iris severe mosaic potyvirus, which was isolated in Korea, ISMV-K, from iris plant was cloned and its nucleotide sequence was determined. The coat protein of the virus contained 252 amino acid residues, including five potential N-glyxosylation site motifs. The coat protein of ISMV-K has 99.1% and 98.4% sequence identities with those of the Netherlands isolate of ISMV (ISMV-Ne) form crocus for the nucleotide and amino acids, respectively. The coat protein of ISMV-K has 50.4% to 60.3% nucleotide sequence identities and 47.3% to 55.7% amino acid identities with those of other 21 potyviruses, indicating ISMV to be a distinct species of the genus. The coat protein of ISMV-K was closely related with bean yellow mosaic virus and clover yellow vein virus in the phylogenetic tree analysis among the potyviruses analyzed. ISMV was easily and reliably detected from virus-infected iris leaves by RT-PCR with a set of the virus-specific primers.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.401-405
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• 2004

Karyotypes were established in the eight Korean native species of the genus Iris. Chromosome numbers were 2n=50 in I. koreana and 2n=42 in I. uniflora var. carinata and their karyotype formulas were K = 2n = 50 = 14m + 28sm + 8st and K = 2n = 42 = 16m + 26sm, respectively. I. dichotoma and I. pseudoacorus were diploids of 2n=34. However, they showed different karyotype formulas: K = 2n = 34 = 26m + 6sm + 2st in I. dichotoma and K = 2n = 34 = 8m + 24sm + 2st in I. pseudoacorus. I. setosa, and I. pallasii var. chinensis carried the same chromosome numbers of 2n=40, but they showed different patterns of karyotype formula: K = 2n = 40 = 22m + 14sm + 4st in I. setosa and K = 2n = 40 = 26m + 12sm + 2st in I. pallasii var. chinensis. I. sanguinea was a diploid of 2n=28 and the karyotype formula was K = 2n = 28 = 14m + 14sm. I. ensata var. spontanea was a diploid of 2n=24 and the karyotype formula was K = 2n = 24 = 10m + 14sm. Each species showed characteristic chromosome composition with a pair of satellite chromosome except I. koreana with three pairs of satellite chromosomes. The chromosomes of I. dichotoma and I. uniflora were comparatively short, while the chromosomes of I. ensata were remarkably bigger than those of other species. These cytological data will give a useful information for the identification and breeding program of the Iris plants.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.243-253
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• 2015

붓꽃속(Genus Iris)의 금붓꽃계열(Series Chinensis)은 극동아시아에 국한되어 분포하고 있으며 한국에는 총 6분류군이 자생하고 있다. 이는 크게 두 개의 주요 그룹 (각시붓꽃 complex와 금붓꽃 complex)으로 나뉜다. 본 연구에서는 팔공산에서 발견된 잡종추정개체들의 실체와 붓꽃속 금붓꽃계열 분류군간의 계통학적 유연관계를 규명하기 위해 핵 rDNA ITS와 엽록체 matK 유전자의 염기서열을 확보하여 분석하였다. 총 55개체로부터 얻은 106 개 ITS amplicon의 염기서열 및 군외군의 염기서열을 분석한 결과, 금붓꽃계열의 노랑무늬붓꽃, 노랑붓꽃, 금붓꽃 및 잡종추정군은 군외군과 구분되어 유집되었으나, 군내군 사이에서는 높은 다형성 염기서열이 관측되었다. ITS 계통수에서 잡종추정군의 일부는 노랑무늬붓꽃과 하나의 분계조를 나타내었고, 나머지 잡종추정군의 경우는 금붓꽃+노랑붓꽃과 분계조를 형성하였다. 한편 cpDNA의 경우 matK를 제외한 나머지 마커는 금붓꽃과 노랑붓꽃의 차이를 보여주지 못하였다. matK의 NJ 계통수에서 잡종추정군이 금붓꽃과 높은 Bootstrap 값으로 하나의 분계조를 형성하였으며, 염기서열이 일치하였다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 팔공산에서 발견된 잡종추정군의 모계는 금붓꽃이고 부계는 노랑무늬붓꽃이라는 가능성을 제시하였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.251-258
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• 2002

A potyvirus was isolated from cultivated Iris plants showing leaf streak mosaic symptom. Reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) product of 1 kb long which encoded partial nuclear inclusion B and N-terminal region of viral coat protein (CP) genes for potyviruses was successfully amplified with a set of potyvirus-specific degenerate primers with viral RNA samples from the infected leaves: The RT-PCR product was cloned into the plasmid vector and its nucleotide sequences were determined. The nucleotide sequence of a CDNA clone revealed that the virus was an isolate of Ornithogalum moseic virus (OrMV) based on BLAST search analysis and was denoted as OrMV Korean isolate (OrMV-Ky). To further characterize the CP gene of the virus, a pair of OrMV-specific primers was designed and used for amplification of the entire CP gene of OrMV-Kr, The virus was easily and reliably detected from virus-infected Iris leaves by using the RT-PCR with the set of virus-specific primers. The RT-PCR product of the CP gene of the virus was cloned and its sequences were determined from selected recombinant CDNA clones. Sequence analysis revealed that the CP of OrMV-Kr consisted of 762 nucleotides, which encoded 253 amino acid residues. The CP of OrMV-Ky has 94.1-98.0% amino acid sequence identities (20 amino acid alterations) with that of other three isolates of OrMV, Two NT rich potential N-glycosylation motif sequences, NCTS and NWTM, and a DAC triple box responsible for aphid transmission were conserved in CPs of all the strains of OrMV. The virus has 58.5-86.2% amino acid sequence identities with that of other 16 potyviruses, indicating OrMV to be a distinct species of the genus. OrMV-Ky was the most related with Pterostylia virus Yin the phylogenetic tree analysis of CP at the amino acid level. This is the first report on the occurrence of OrMV in Iris plants in Korea. Data in this study indicate that OrMV is found in cultivated Iris plants, and may have mixed infection of OrMV and Iris severe mosaic virus in Korea.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.383-396
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• 2002

한국산 붓꽃속(Iris L.; Iridaceae) 15종과 비교군인 등심붓꽃속(Sisyrinchium auguistifolium Mill.)과 범부채속(Belamcanda chinensis (L). DC.)을 포함한 17분류군을 대상으로 RAPD분석이 수행되었다. 10개의 oligoprimer를 이용한 효소중합반응에서 80개의 유효한 polymorphic band가 확인되었다. 유전적 상사도 지수에 의하여 bootstrap을 포함한 neighbour-joining 방법을 통하여 계통수를 평가하였다. 한국산 붓꽃속은 3아속(Limniris, Crossiris, Pardanthopsis) 또는 2속과 1아속으로 분류되어지고, 붓꽃아속(Limniris)은 6개의 분계조를 형성하고 있어 Waddick(1992)이 설정한 2절, 6계열의 분류체계가 더 타당하다고 생각된다. Chinensis계열은 금붓꽃계열과 각시붓꽃계열로 구분되어진다. Tripetalae계열에 속하는 부채붓꽃은 Sibiricae계열(시베리아붓꽃, 붓꽃)과 매우 가까운 유연관계를 형성하고 있으며, Ensatae계열에 속하는 타래붓꽃은 Ruthenicae계열에 속하는 솔붓꽃, 난장이붓꽃과 가까운 유연관계를 나타내고 있다. RAPD 분석자료를 기초로 한 한국산 붓꽃속의 계통학적 연구는 형태학적, ITS 염기서열 결과와 비슷한 결과를 제시하였고, 많은 학자들에 의해 논란이 된 분류군들의 문제를 해결하는데 유용한 접근방법이라 생각되며, 전체 붓꽃속 수준에서의 계통분석에 유용한 도구로 이용될 수 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.232-239
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• 2011

The genus Acorus is known as an indigenous medicinal plant. Genetic diversity of thirteen accessions of A. calamus and eight of A. gramineus, with an accession of Colocasia antiquorum and two of Iris pseudacorus as outgroups, were evaluated using RAPD markers for cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis, and NIR spectroscopic profiles for principal component analysis.A total of 371 polymorphic bands were obtained by using the selected 12 random primers. The genetic distances were estimated from 0.03 to 0.31 within A. calamus and from 0.03 to 0.51 within A. gramineus. The dendrogram and three-dimensional plot separated the accessions into four distinct groups (A. calamus, A. gramineus, C. antiquorum, and I. pseudacorus). Moreover, for the diversity among genus Acorus, eleven A. calamus accessions, one A. gramineus accession, and two I. pseudacorus accessions were non-destructively analyzed from their leaves by NIR spectroscopy, which discriminated Acorus accessions like the RAPD analysis. Interestingly, thirteen accessions of A. calamus were clustered into two groups based on RAPD and NIR analyses, which indicates that there are two ecotypes of A. calamus in Korea. An accession (CZ) of A. calamus with yellow stripe on leaves was closely grouped with another (CX) at a genetic distance (GD) of 0.03, which shows that the stripe trait might be generated by chimeric mutation. The genetic distance between A. calamus and A. gramineus was revealed to be farthest from 0.80 to 0.88 GD. In genus Acorus the genetic diversity and genetic variation were identified by using RAPD marker technique and non-destructive NIRs.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.291-296
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• 2011

In order to detect quarantine plant viruses, we developed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) primer pairs for five single-stranded (ss) plant RNA viruses that are not currently reported in Korea but could be potential harmful plant viral pathogens. Three viruses such as Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV), Colombian datura virus (CDV), and Tobacco etch virus (TEV) belong to the genus Potyvirus while Chrysanthemum stem necrosis virus (CSNV) and Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) are members of the genus Tospovirus. To design RT-PCR primers, we used reported gene sequences corresponding to the capsid protein and polyprotein for ChiVMV, CDV, and TEV while using nucleocapsid protein regions for CSNV and IYSV. At least two different primer pairs were designed for each virus. Fifteen out of 16 primer pairs were successfully applied in detection of individual quarantine virus with high specificity and efficiency. Taken together, this study provides a rapid and useful protocol for detection of five quarantine viruses.