• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.55-66
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• 2009

Background: The purpose of this research was to investigate the factors affecting the low back pain of workers in hospital. 214 subjects waking at two general hospitals in Yosu city participated in this survey. Subjects consisted of doctors, nurses, medical engineers, officers and general laborers. The survey data were collected by a written questionnaire which made out by themselves for 25 days, from fourth August to 29th August, 2008. Methods: The questionnaire consisted of four categories, general, occupational, working habitual and the daily living characteristics. The collected data were analyzed by Chi-square test based on the present or absent of low back pain. Results: 1. In the general characteristics, low back pain had no significant relationship to all factors, sex, ago, body mass index, weight and height. 2. In the occupational characteristics, the phase of distribution of low back pain had statistical significant differences in the working hours a week, satisfaction of pay, satisfaction of occupation(p<0.05). However low back pain did not significantly related to the kind of occupation, period of work and degree of stress. 3. In the habitual characteristics, low back pain was significantly influenced by working posture, frequency of using lumbar and heavy material lifting, monotonous repetition of working operation and noise(p<0.05). No significant difference was shown in the factor of convenience of chair. 4. In the daily living characteristics, low back pain shown the significant differences in walking time a day, status of health and smoking pattern(p<0.05). there were, however, no significant differences in the aspect of the kind of house and bed, sleeping attitude, driving, riding time on the vehicle, exercising, frequency of cultural life and drinking alcohol. Conclusion: when I see above resultants totally, it appears a higher incidence caused by working environment rather than living habit and then consequently compared to hospital workers, they also have high incidence like others. In order to reduce incidence of low back pain and enjoy the our life we need to educate ourselves preventing program for low back pain and try to effort for preventing of low back pain on each department and individual.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 1984

This study was attempted to evaluate and explain the correlation between stress and utilization of Dispensary, Frequency of absence, Frequency of accident as the health condition of bluecollared workers. The subjects for this study were 260 workers selected conveniently from 360 workers working at one chemical manufacturer located in Seoul. The dataas measure the Stress was collected through SRRS (The Social Readjustment Rating Scale) which is developed by Holmes ＆ Rahe (1976) from 27th July to 10th August, 1983. The data of Utilization of Dispensary and Frequency of Accident were brought out from the record of Dispensary during past 8 months. The Frequency of Abscence from January to August were collected through diligence and indolence cards of each department. All collected data were analysed based on the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) program. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The average of Utilization of Dispensary was 7.4, Frequency of abscence 14.6, frequency of Accident 0.4. 2. The average score of Stress was 134 (minimum : 0, maximum : 593, Standard deviation : 109. 3) It can be considered as a slight stressed group by the requlations of Holmes and Rahe. 3. According to the analysed results of correlation between Stress and the Utilization of Dispensary, Frequency of Absence, frequency of Accident, the Utilization of dispensary and stress were significantly related (r= .1955, p<.001), the Frequency of Absence (r=.0284, p >, 05), and the Frequency of Absence (r=.0284, p>.05), and the Frequency of Accident (r= .0831, p>.05) were not significantly related with Stress. 4. In the relation between general characters of subjects and the Utilization of Dispensary, 20 to 25 aged group, women, single, christian, lent-house dwelling, 1 to 5 years employed group used at a high ratio. 5. In the relation between general character of subjects and the Frequency of Absence, men, 51 to 55 aged group, 21 to 25 years employed group indicated high Frequency, and other char-noters were not significantly related. 6. In the relation between general characters of subjects and the Frequency of Accident, women. single, 20 to 25 aged group, catholic, lent-house dwelling, below 1 year employed group showed high frequency. 7. Stress showed a significant difference only with a religion. Catholic group represented mode-rate stressed scored 209.67, and not significantly related with other general characters.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2003

본 연구는 강원도 일부 고랭지 농업 농민을 대상으로 농약 노출 실태와 농약 노출로 인한 급성 중독 증상 경험을 비교하기 위하여 농약 노출력과 급성 중독증상에 대한 설문을 강원도 강릉시 왕산면 대기리의 고랭지 농업지역 농민을 대상으로 면접식 설문을 실시하였다. 연구결과 농약 노출과 농약 사용 기간은 두 집단간에 차이가 없었으나 연간 살충제 사용 일수는 고랭지 농업 농민이 1년에 평균 35.9일로 일반 농업 농민의 14.4일보다 더 많이 사용하였다. 일일 살충제 사용 시간도 고랭지 농업 농민이 하루 6.7시간으로 일반 농업 농민의 2.8시간 보다 길었다. 농약 노출에 의한 급성 중독 점수도 고랭지 농업 농민에서 유의하게 높았다. 회귀분석 결과 급성 중독 증상은 제초제 노출과는 통계적으로 유의한 상관성이 없었으며 살충제 노출과는 밀접한 연관관계가 있었다. 또한 중독 증상으로는 '피부가 따갑고 가렵다', '머리가 어지럽거나 아프다', '온 몸에 힘이 빠진다', '눈이 따갑다', '구역질이 난다' 의 5개 문항에 있어서 고랭지 농업 농민이 더 많이 경험을 하였으며 '눈 앞이 흐려졌다', '의식을 잃고 쓰러진다', '전신이 마비되었다'. '말이 나오지 않았다'의 4개 문항은 양 군간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 증상의 경험률은 전체적으로 52.9%였으며 농업 형태별로 보면 일반 농업지역은 51.1%, 67.9%로 매우 높은 편이었다. 증상별로 보면 두통의 경우 전체적으로는 40.7%였으나 고랭지 농업의 경우는 73.7%, 일반 농업의 경우는 35.3%였으며 피부증상의 경우에는 전체적으로 22.9%, 고랭지 농업 농민은 57.9%, 일반 농업 농민은 17.2%였다. 이상의 연구결과를 볼 때, 고랭지 농업 농민은 일반 농업 농민보다 농약 노출이 많은 것을 알 수 있으며 추후 고랭지 농업 농민들의 농약 노출에 대한 건강영향 평가 및 농약 노출을 감소시켜 건강장해를 예방하기 위한 다양한 연구 및 행정적 노력이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.167-197
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• 2017

I build a small open economy (SOE) dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model to investigate the effect of a heterogeneous wage contract between regular and temporary workers on a macroeconomic volatility in a financially fragile economy. The imperfect financial market condition is captured by a quadratic financial adjustment cost for borrowing foreign assets, and the labor market friction is captured by a Nash bargaining process which is only available to the regular workers when they negotiate their wages with the firms while the temporary workers are given their wage which simply equals the marginal cost. As a result of impulse responsesto a domestic productivity shock, the higher elasticity of substitution between two types of workers and the lower weight on the regular workers in the firm's production process induce the higher volatilities in most variables. This is reasoned that the higher substitutability creates more volatile wage determination process while the lower share of the regular workers weakens their Nash bargaining power in the contract process.

• 월간산업보건
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• 통권2호
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• pp.4-10
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• 1988

In order to investigate the prevalence of occupational disease in coal mine workers in Chonnam area, a cross sectional study was conducted in 1,097 workers from September to December in 1987. The results were as follows; 1. The prevalence of pneumoconiosis including suspected cases was 6.9% and was increased by age and working duration. 2. The prevalence of pneumoconiosis excluding suspected cases was 2.8%. 3. By the kind of job, prevalence of pneumoconiosis including suspected cases was l2.9% in tunnel drivers, 6.3% in coalface workers and 6.0% in other workers. 4. The prevalence of noise induced hearing loss was 5.1% and was increased by age and working duration. 5. The prevalence of noise induced hearing loss was the highest among tunnel drivers(7.3%), but it was not significantly different by the kind of job. 6. Occupational disease caused by vibration was not found in coal mine workers.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2005

This study examined the associations between job stress and psychosocial stress in telecommunication service workers. In this survey, four hundred seventy workers and six variables(general characteristics, state of health, job characteristics, personality, psychosocial characteristics, and job stress) were used to measure worker's subjective satisfaction and status of stress. The results of this study indicated that 135 workers($28\%$) were classified into a high risk group to stress, 317 workers($67\%$) were into a potential risk group, and only 18 workers($6\%$) were into a healthy group. Also the results indicated that job stress outcomes related to job characteristics, personality, and psychosocial characteristics.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.40-61
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to promote the efficiency of the management of the controls organization in the university hospitals and general hospitals by evaluating the factors underlying organizational conflict. The subject population included 351 hospital workers randomly selected from two general hospitals of less than 200 beds and two university hospitals over 500 beds in Seoul area. Data were collected through a survey questionnaire. To define related factors for the level of conflict among departments in each hospitals multivariate regression analysis was conducted. Independent factors were characteristics of subjects, conflicting factors between the departments. The results are as follows: 1. Those in high job position group demonstrated significantly higher level of conflict between departments. Those working in the general hospitals, who were older and had long-term tenure at current working hospital had higher level of conflict between the departments. 2. Concerning the involvement of conflicting factors and the level of conflict in the employees' there was statistically significant positive correlation between reliability and job-related and intradepartmental level of conflict in university hospitals. There was a significant positive correlation between interdepartmental conflicting factors of mutual dependence, difference in goal/orientation and interdepartmental level of conflict. 3. In the university hospitals, among the interdepartmental factors, mutual dependence and difference in goal/orientation had statistically significant influence and showed a positive relationship with interdepartmental level of conflict. In the general hospitals, job position was a significant factor which showed that those in high position such as section chief or above, compared to those in general position had higher level of conflict. Among the interdepartmental characteristics, factors of mutual dependence and goal/orientation had statistically significant influence and showed a positive relationship with interdepartmental level of conflict. In the general hospitals setting efforts to reduce conflict in areas among workers with high position, old age, and long tenure and those in medical care department should be made and prudent management and planning for improved manpower and increased budget or efficient allocation and clear definition of job description are necessary to adequately assess. In the university hospitals setting efforts to reexaminitation of the organizational structure and efficiency conveyance of information and efforts to resolve conflict among young workers with lower level of education is need. This study has its own merit in comparing empirically the conflict among hospital workers in the university hospitals and general hospitals. Future study are needed with respect to the relationship between interdepartmental level of conflict and the effectiveness of the hospital organization for improved resolution of conflict in the organization and hospital management.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.185-223
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 동태적 일반균형모형(dynamic stochastic general equilibrium)을 이용하여 노동소득세의 증가가 한국경제의 노동시장 및 주요 거시경제변수에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 증가된 세수를 일반보조금으로 사용하는 경우와 근로장려금으로 사용하는 경우로 나누어 분석한다. 본 연구에서 상정하는 모형경제의 특성은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 경제주체들의 생산성 차이를 명시적으로 고려한, 이질적 가계로 이루어진 거시경제모형(heterogeneous agent macroeconomy model)이다. 둘째, 노동공급의 비분할성(indivisible labor)을 가정하여 조세 재정정책의 변화에 따른 노동시장 참여 여부에 대한 선택의 변화에 중점을 두어 정책의 효과를 분석한다. 셋째, 불완전 금융시장(incomplete markets)을 가정하여 개별 근로자들의 자신의 생산성이 변함으로 발생하는 소득과 취업상태의 변화에 대해 완벽하게 대처할 수 없다. 넷째, 일반균형모형을 상정하므로 정책의 변화로 인한 거시경제변수의 변화가 개별 근로자의 의사결정에 미치는 영향까지도 분석할 수 있다. 세율상승으로 증가된 세수를 모든 사람에게 동등하게 분배하는 일반보조금정책의 경우 노동소득세율의 증가는 노동공급의 인센티브를 저하시켜 기본모형경제에 비해 취업률을 1% 정도 저하시킨다. 반면, 추가적인 세수를 저소득 취업근로자에게만 지급하는 근로장려금정책의 경우, 수혜대상자들의 노동의욕은 증가하는 반면, 고소득 취업자들의 경우 근로장려금의 혜택없이 추가적인 세금부담으로 인하여 노동의욕이 감소한다. 경제 전체적으로는 기본모형에 비해 최대 2.7% 정도의 취업률 증가효과를 가진다. 그러나 근로장려금의 수혜대상이 넓어질수록 일인당 지급되는 근로장려금의 액수가 작아져서 고용증대 효과는 미미해지고 세율상승으로 인한 노동의욕 감소효과가 압도하게 되어 전반적인 취업률에는 별 영향을 미치지 못하게 된다. 전반적으로 근로장려금과 같은 근로자 지원정책은 경제 전체의 취업률을 유효하게 증대시킬 수 있음을 보여준다. 이는 최근 한국경제가 직면한 가장 심각한 경제 사회 문제 중의 하나인 저출산과 인구고령화 등으로 인한 노동공급 감소에 대처하는 유효한 정책대안으로 근로장려금정책을 이용할 수도 있음을 보여준다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권22호
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• pp.9817-9822
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• 2014

Background: Breast cancer is a serious health problem. Early detection is crucial for optimal treatment and reducing mortality. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate health beliefs concerning performance of breast self- examination (BSE) and mammography in a sample of Iranian female health workers. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed among 441 female health care workers (physicians=88, nurses=163, midwives=38, officers=68, and others=84) in 3 different health centers in Yazd, Iran. Data were collected using a self administered questionnaire which included demographic characteristics and thenPersian version of the Champion's Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS). Results: The mean age of the participants was $34.7{\pm}13.7$. It was found that 41.9% of the workers performed BSE in the past and 14.9% of them regularly, but only 10.6% of them had undergone a mammogram. Perceived barriers to BSE (F=6.351, P=0.021) and mammography (F=5.214, p=0.022) were significantly higher in officers than physicians, nurses or midwives. Perceived barriers were lower among those who had performed BSE and mammography, but not significant (p=0.34 and p=0.56, respectively). Furthermore, perceived susceptibility and perceived benefits of the workers who had BSE and mammography were significantly higher than who did not (p<0.05). Perceived seriousness was not a significant variable in BSE and mammography (p=0.71 and p=0.43, respectively). Conclusions: The health beliefs of health workers concerning the perceived susceptibility of breast cancer and the perceived benefits BSE and mammography significantly impact their screening practices.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.86-95
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• 2008

Purpose: The objectives for this study are to produce the comprehensive management indexes and find their application strategies for appropriate medical care in primary care clinics under workers' compensation insurance. Method: Data of this study was workers' compensation insurance medical fees claim's data from July 2006 to June 2007. Data were analyzed using SAS 9.1 version by applying descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation. The indexes such as costliness index(CI), standard medical fee were calculated based on the fourth revision of korean classification of diseases(KCD-4.). Results: The CI, visiting index(VI), outliers index(OI), and medical review adjustment percentage were positively correlated in the both inpatient and outpatient medical fees in primary care clinics under workers' compensation insurance. The major medical specialities were neurological surgery, general medicine, general surgery, rehabitational medicine, and orthopedic surgery. The CIs were slightly high in rehabitational medicine among major medical specialities. The CIs were mostly high in diagnosis, test, anesthesia, and rehabitational assistive device fees among major medical specialities. The CIs were slightly high in Kwangju, Daegu, Daejeon, and Busan districts among district management centers of Korea Workers' Compensation and Welfare Service. Conclusions: We suggest the continuous development of appropriate disease classification system and medical care quality indicators to successfully take root the comprehensive management for appropriate medical care under workers' compensation.