• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.38 no.1 s.73
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• pp.115-132
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• 2007

Implementing the automatic identification in supply chain management is essential for effective and efficient process control. Though the GTIN based bar code system is generally used as an automatic identification method in most industries, it can not identify individual item, and is not appropriated for products' reliability and safety management. So the RFID system with EPC is considered as a better solution for resolving those problems. This study reviewed automatic identification code systems and the attributes and characteristics of RFID Gen 2 which became a global standard recently for supply chain management. Particularly, this study analyzed RFID Gen 2 systems' read rates on various conditions including distances between tags and readers and between antennas, condensation, and several packing materials in practical supply chain environment. The results of this study showed that the RFID Gen 2 had high read ratio in practical application and would be adopted as a new automatic identification means for traceability systems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2007.06d
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• pp.172-176
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• 2007

유통분야에서 물품관리를 위해 사용되었던 바코드를 대체할 차세대 인식기술로 꼽히는 RFID 기술은 IT기술의 주요 시장으로 부상하면서 다양한 연구가 이루어지고 있는 분야이다. 유통 및 물류분야에서는 다량의 물품을 실시간으로 식별해야 하는 경우가 필요한데 이를 위해 여러 개의 리더가 동시에 사용 된다. RFID 시스템을 구축하는데 있어서 다중 리더 운영 기법은 전체 RFID 시스템의 성능을 좌우한다. EPCglobal에서 제안 된 Gen2 프로토콜은 900MHz 대역의 단일 통합 표준으로서 ISO/IEC 18000-6 C타입으로 채택되었다. 하지만 Gen2 프로토콜에서 다중 리더 운영 정책에 대해서 Session 기능을 간단히 내놓았을 뿐 자세한 소프트웨어 응용법을 제시하지 않았으며, 이에 관한 미들웨어 연구도 이루어지고 있지 않다. 본 논문에서는 현재 Gen2 프로토콜에서의 태그 인식 기술과 EPCglobal에서 제안하는 RFID 프로토콜, Sesssion 개념을 소개하고 Gen2 프로토콜을 이용하는 RFID 시스템에 다중 리더 관리 모듈을 설계를 통해 다중 리더를 운영하는 기법을 제안한다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.752-760
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• 2010

This paper investigates the performance of EPCglobal Generation-2(Gen-2) radio frequency identification(RFID) protocol under reader-to-reader interfering environments. We establish a modified discrete-time Markov chain(DTMC) model for the Gen-2 and accordingly obtain quantitative results of query success rate(QSR) and tag identification speed (TIS). Extensive simulations validate our theoretical analysis and demonstrate that the number of tags over 100 has little impact on the performance. TIS linearly decreases by 10 tags/sec/reader as the number of interfering readers increases. Our model for Gen-2 protocol is also useful to study the performance of other RFID protocols.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.307-316
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• 2024

In the realm of large-scale identification deployments, the EPCglobal Class-1 Generation-2 (Gen2) standard serves as a cornerstone, facilitating rapid processing of numerous passive RFID tags. The Q-Algorithm has garnered considerable attention for its potential to markedly enhance the efficiency of Gen2-based RFID systems with minimal adjustments. This paper introduces a groundbreaking iteration of the Q-Algorithm, termed Time-Efficient Q-Algorithm (SwiftQ), specifically designed to push the boundaries of time efficiency within Gen2-based RFID systems. Through exhaustive simulations, our study substantiates that SwiftQ outperforms existing algorithms by a significant margin, demonstrating exceptional expediency that positions it as a formidable contender in the landscape of large-scale identification environments. By prioritizing time efficiency, SwiftQ offers a promising solution to meet the escalating demands of contemporary Internet of Things applications, underscoring its potential to catalyze advancements in RFID technology for diverse industrial and logistical contexts.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 2008

RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) system is an automated identification system that consists of tags and readers. They communicate with each other by RF signal. As a reader can identify many tags in contactless manner using RF signal, RFID system is expected to do a new technology to substitute a bar-code system. But RFID system creates new threats to the security and privacy of individuals, Because tags and readers communicate with each other in insecure channel using RF signal. So many people are trying to study various manners to solve privacy problems against attacks, but it is difficult to apply to RFID system based on low-cost Gen2. Therefore, We will propose a new encryption scheme using matrix based on Gen2 in RFID system in paper, and We will analyze our encryption scheme in view of the security and efficiency through a simulation and investigate application environments to use our encryption scheme.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.561-566
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• 2011

In EPCglobal Class-1 Gen-2 RFID system, a slot-count selection algorithm has been proposed to determine the slot-count size depending on the status of reply slot. In the slot-count selection algorithm of Gen-2, the slot-count value is increased or decreased by the weight C, which is identical and independent of the slot status. It has an advantage that the algorithm is simple, but it is difficult to maintain an optimal slot-count size. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an adaptive slot-count selection algorithm, which applies the parameter C differently based on the result of tag replies. Through simulations, it is demonstrated that the collision rate for the proposed scheme is about 42% and 65% lower than the schemes proposed by Wang and Gen-2. Therefore, the adaptive slot-count selection algorithm achieves faster tag identification time compared with the existing algorithms due to the low collision rate.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.727-730
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• 2006

RFID 시스템은 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 환경에서 중요한 기술로 주목하고 있다. RFID의 국제 표준으로 자리 잡고 있는 EPCglobal Class-1 Gen-2 RFID 시스템을 통해서 전 세계 어디에서도 문제없이 인식될 것으로 보인다. 그러나 EPCglobal Class-1 Gen-2 RFID 시스템은 위협의 요소들을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 표준에서 승인된 태그의 능력을 사용하여 표준의 수정을 최소화시켜 보안의 문제점을 해결 할 수 있는 방안을 제시한다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1307-1312
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• 2011

Radio Frequency Identification(RFID) has been considered as an key infrastructure for the ubiquitous society. However, due to the inherent drawbacks, RFID causes var- ious security threats like privacy problems, tag cloning, etc. This paper proposes a novel practical approach, which are fully conformed to EPCglobal RFID Gen2 standard, for enhancing security of currently used RFID Gen2 tags against the various security threats.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 2011

In RFID System, when multiple tags respond simultaneously, a collision can occur. A method that solves this collision is referred to anti-collision algorithm. In Gen-2 RFID system, if the slot-count size varies during a query round due to the collisions, a new query round begins with a QueryAdjust command. Anti-collision algorithm of Gen-2 RFID system is simple. But, it has the tag starvation problem that a tag may never be successfully identified because its responses always collide with others. Therefore, this paper proposes a scheme to guarantee the fair identification delay. In the proposed scheme, if the slot-count value changes due to the collisions, the reader broadcasts a CollisionRound command to begin a collision round. During the collision round, the reader identifies only tags that occurred collision during the previous query round.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.529-531
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• 2011

In Gen-2 Q-algorithm, the values of weight C, which is the parameter for incrementing or decrementing the slot-count size, are not defined in the standard. In this case, if the reader selects an inappropriate weight, there are a lot of empty or collided slots. As a result, the performance will be degraded because the frame size does not converge to the optimal point quickly during the query round. In this paper, we analyze how the performances of Gen-2 Q-algorithm will be affected by the weight value.