• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• 제54권3호
• /
• pp.247-251
• /
• 2019

Two different urethane acrylates (mono-acrylate and di-acrylate) were used to prepare unsaturated polyester-based hybrid gel-coats. The physical properties and surface characteristics of these gel-coats were investigated on the basis of the content and type of urethane acrylate. The set-to-touch time increased and the physical properties (surface hardness and tensile strength) decreased with an increase in the urethane acrylate content. However, the type of urethane acrylate did not affect these parameters. It was found that the optimal urethane acrylate content for the application of unsaturated polyester-based hybrid gel-coats is ~10 wt%.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.511-520
• /
• 2003

This study was carried out to determine the effects of various contents of kiwifruit contents on the quality characteristics of mixed polysaccharide gels made from $\kappa$-carrageenan and locust bean gum. The color value, gelling temperature, melting temperature, break down rate, syneresis, rupture properties, TPA properties and sensory properties of mixed polysaccharide gels with various contents of kiwifruit contents were measured. As the kiwifruit contents was increased, the lightness (L), yellowness (b) and greenness (-a) of the mixed polysaccharide gels increased. There were no differences in the color values of gels during storage. As the kiwifruit content was increased, the gelling and melting temperatures of the mixed polysaccharide gels also increased. The mixed polysaccharide gels with high kiwifruit contents were difficult to melt, and it seemed that the addition of kiwifruit to the mixed polysaccharide gels could improve the thennal stability of the gels. The syneresis of the gel increased with increasing storage time, whereas the addition of kiwifruit to the gel resulted in suppression of syneresis. With regard to the rupture properties, stress, energy and strain, they were all decreased with increasing kiwifruit contents. The TPA properties, adhesiveness, hardness and chewiness increased and cohesiveness decreased with increasing kiwifruit contents. The results showed that the gel became tough and adhesive, and could be easily broken under small deformation, with increasing kiwifruit contents. The sensory evaluation showed that the green color, aroma, sweetness and sourness increased with increasing kiwifruit contents. The texture, adhesiveness, springiness and cohesiveness decreased, and brittleness and hardness increased, with increasing kiwifruit contents. The overall acceptability of the gel with 30% kiwifruit content was the highest. Thus, mixed polysaccharide gels made from kiwifruits could be useful, as the addition of kiwifruit to a mixed polysaccharide gel results in a good aroma, taste and stability, despite a lowering of the textural properties.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.539-544
• /
• 1999

녹두 전분 겔을 온도(5$^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$) 및 기간별(1, 24, 48, 72시간)로 보존하여 겔의 색도, 이수현상, 텍스쳐, 관능적 특성 등에 대하여 조사하였다. 겔의 색도는 L값과 W값이 보존기간이 경과함에 따라 커져서 겔의 보존시 백색도가 커지고 투명도가 감소하였으며 이러한 경향은 저온에서 더 현저하였다. 이수량 역시 저온에서, 보존기간이 경과함에 따라 더 많아졌다. 텍스쳐 특성은 경도는 보존기간이 경과하면 커지고 부착성, 응집성은 작아져서, 보존에 의해 겔이 단단하고 푸석푸석해지는 경향을 나타내었다. 또한 이러한 경향은 저온 보존시 더 현저하였다. 관능적 특성은 기계적 특정과 대체로 일치하는 경향이었으며, 전반적 바람직성은 5$^{\circ}C$에서는 보존 2일째부터, $25^{\circ}C$보존에서는 보존 3일째부터 기호도가 상당히 낮아졌다.

• 산업식품공학
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.216-220
• /
• 2009

Aloe gel의 동결건조에 농축도가 서로 다른 액상 시료를 사용하였을 때 건조분말의 기능성 변화를 비교분석하였다. Aloe의 많은 기능성 중에서 유효 다당류의 농도, 기능성 작용기에 대한 FT-IR 특성, Jack bean urease 저해 효과, FAC(fat adsorption capacity)를 대상으로 하였다. 농축도가 높은 경우에 유효 다당류의 농도, urease 저해 효과, FAC 모두 상대적으로 크게 나타났다. FT-IR의 분석에서는 농축도가 높은 경우에 glucomannan의 acetyl 기에 대한 spectrum 영역인 1600-1550 $cm^{-1}$와 1450-1400 $cm^{-1}$에서 흡광도가 크게 관찰되었다. 결과적으로 Aloe gel의 동결건조시 전처리과정인 농축 공정에서는 농축도가 높을수록 유효다당류의 양과 acetyl기 함량의 수준이 크며, 간접적으로 urease 저해 효과에 따른 Helicobacter pylori의 억제 및 FAC의 증가 효과를 보였다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제65권5호
• /
• pp.1065-1080
• /
• 2023

The solubility and structure of myosin and the properties of pork gel with NaCl, KCl, CaCl₂, and MgCl₂ were investigated. Myofibrillar proteins (MPs) with phosphate were more solubilized with NaCl than with KCl (p < 0.05). CaCl₂ and MgCl₂ showed lower MP solubilities than those of NaCl and KCl (p < 0.05). The α-helix content of myosin was lower in KCl, CaCl₂, and MgCl₂ than in NaCl (p < 0.05). The pH of pork batter decreased in the order of KCl, NaCl, MgCl₂, and CaCl₂ (p < 0.05). The cooking yield of the pork gel manufactured with monovalent salts was higher than that of the pork gel manufactured with divalent salts (p < 0.05). The pork gel manufactured with KCl and MgCl₂ showed lower hardness than that of the pork gel manufactured with NaCl. The solubility and structure of myosin were different with the different chloride salts and those led the different quality properties of pork gel. Therefore, the results of this study can be helpful for understanding the quality properties of low-slat meat products manufactured by replacing sodium chloride with different chloride salts.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.146-150
• /
• 1994

생선 어묵에 대두분리단백질, 난백, 유청단백질, 글르우텐과 같은 단백질들을 첨가하였을 때 그들이 어묵의 조직감을 수사하는 기능이 평가되었다. 단백질들은 어묵의 강도, 경도와 층밀림성을 감소시켰다. 단백질이 첨가된 어묵제품은 관능검사에서 제품의 질김성, 씹힘성 및 경도에 대한 강도는 감소시켜주는 반면 이들에 대한 종합적 기호도는 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 첨가제로 사용하였던 단백질 자체로 만든 겔의 강도는 이들 단백질을 첨가하여 만든 어묵의 겔 강도와 역비례 관계를 나타냈으며, 첨가한 단백질들이 어묵의 조직감을 수사하는 기능적 특성은 각 단백질들의 수화능력과 겔화 특성 등에 기인하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.589-601
• /
• 2023

Malaysian honey is rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds, which can be a healthy alternative to refined sugar in food production. However, liquid honey's viscous and sticky nature makes it unpreferable in industrial handling. This study, an atomization system coupled with vacuum drying to produce honey powders to overcome the problem. Three types of Malaysian honey, namely Acacia, Gelam, and Tualang, were encapsulated in Ca-alginate gel beads using the atomization system. The density viscosity, and surface tension of the honey-alginate solutions were measured, and the concentration of honey and alginate influenced the physical properties of the solutions. Honey-encapsulated gel beads in the size range of 2.16-2.92 mm were produced using the atomization system with the air-liquid mass flow rate ratios of 0.22-0.31, Weber number (We) of 112-545, and Ohnersorges number (Oh) of 0.35-10.46. Gel bead diameter can be predicted using a simple mathematical model. After vacuum drying, the honey gel powder produced was in the size range of 1.50-1.79 mm. Results showed that honey gel powders with good encapsulation efficiency and high honey loading could be produced using the atomization system and vacuum drying.

• 한국광학회지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.44-50
• /
• 1996

• 태양에너지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.18-27
• /
• 1992

졸-겔 기술에 의해 $WO_3$ 다충박막이 유리와 ITO coated glass 위에 증착되었다. 특성은 XRD, 분광광도계, DTA/TGA, SEM/EDAX 그리고 RBS에 의해서 분석되었다. 균질한 $WO_3$막은 유리기판위에 dipping속도 5mm/s에서 증착 되었으며 이 시료는 희석된 HCI 전해액을 사용하여 착색시킨 결과 낮은 근적외선 투과율을 나타내었다. DTA 결과 $380^{\circ}C{\sim}500^{\circ}C$ 범위의 gel data는 $WO_3$의 결정화 온도 형성을 결정하였으며 이 측정치는 졸-겔 박막의 결정화 온도와 일치하였다. RBS에 의해 착색되지 않은 $WO_3$ 졸-겔 막의 화학조성은 $WO_3$였다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.180-184
• /
• 2013

Recently, silk sericin has attracted the attention of researchers owing to its useful properties as a biomaterial including 1) good wound healing and cell activities, 2) fast gelation character, and 3) high water retention property. In the present study, silk sericin was prepared using different extraction times in hot water and the effect of extraction time on the rheological properties of sericin solutions and gels was examined. It was found that the production yield of sericin increased with extraction time. The shear viscosity of sericin solutions and gels decreased with increasing extraction time due to a decrease in sericin molecular weight. When the sericin solution transformed to a gel, the viscosity increased and the shear thinning behavior was more evident. In addition, the shear stress measurements indicated that the slip between the sericin samples and the measuring plate of the rheometer was increased by the gelation of sericin. The compression strength of sericin gel could be increased remarkably (by more than 100 fold) by preparation using the freezing and thawing method.