• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of 6-axis model surgery simulator (6AMSS) for orthognathic surgery. A rectangular parallelepiped plastic block was assembled to model-mounting plate of 6AMSS. Left-right (X), anterior-posterior (Y), up-down (Z) translation and pitching (${\phi}X$), rolling (${\phi}Y$) and yawing (${\phi}Z$) rotation was planned and performed using 6AMSS. The actual translation and rotation were measured with dial gauge and precisional protractor, respectively. Comparison between the planned and actual movements of plastic block for each variable were made using paired t- test. Statistical analysis for X, Y, Z, ${\phi}X$, ${\phi}Y$ and ${\phi}Z$ movement have shown no significant differences between planned and actual movement (P > 0.05). This indicate that model surgery performed with the aid of the 6AMSS is accurate in 3D translation and rotation. The 6AMSS is practically useful for accurate fabrication of surgical splint for orthognathic surgery.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.121-130
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• 1990

영남대학교 마취과학교실에서 하지에 국한된 수술을 받는 환자 40예를 대상으로 각군 20예씩 0.5% 고비중 tetracaine 2ml와 0.5% 순수 bupivacaine 2.5ml을 사용하여 척추마취를 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 성적을 얻었다. 1. 각군의 연령, 성별, 신장 및 체중은 비슷하였다. 2. 양군 모두 감각차단이 $T_{12}$분절에 도달되는 시간은 4분정도였고, 감각차단 최고분절높이도 $T_{6-7}$이었으며 최고높이에 도달되는 시간도 20분 정도였다. 3. 운동차단정도도 양군이 비슷하여 10분에 대부분이, 20분이내에 전예에서 완전차단이 초래되었다. 4. Bupivacaine군은 감각차단이 $T_{12}$분절이상에서 유지된 시간이 3시간, 술후 진통시간이 7시간으로 tetracaine군보다 작용시 간과 진통시간이 의의있게 길었다(P<0.05). 5. 수축기 혈압의 감소는 bupivacaine군이 훨씬 적었으며(P<0.05), 혈압은 마취후 20~30분에 심하게 감소되었다. 6. 마취후 발생된 부작용은 전체 대상환자에서 두통(3예), 다리저림(5예), 배뇨곤란(3예) 및 배부통(4예) 등이었고 양군사이에 발생빈도의 차이는 없었다. 이 상의 결과로 bupivacaine 척추마취의 임상적 특징은 감각차단 및 운동차단이 나타나는 양상과 마취후 부작용은 고비중 tetracaine과 비슷하고, 고비중 tetracaine보다 혈압감소가 적고 작용시간이 걸고 술후 진통효과가 좋은 점등의 장점이 있으므로 0.5% 순수 bupivacaine은 하지수술을 위한 척추마취제로 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2002

A simple and low cost stylus profiler made of ferrite cores is developed. The devised profiler consists of a contact probe, a measuring transducer, a signal processing unit, and a motorized stage. The contact probe attached to 4-bar spring maintains sufficient stiffness to protect disturbances. An overlap-area type inductive position sensing system is selected as a measuring transducer, which has high sensitivity, repeatability and linearity. The transducer is composed of coil bundles and ferrite cores which have good electromagnetic characteristics in spite of low cost. The repeatability of the profiler with the proposed inductive sensing system is better than 50nm. Experimental results are shown that the proposed profiler can measure the line or 3D profile of an object with sub-micron features.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.156-158
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• 1995

Total spinal anesthesia is a well documented serious life threatening complication which results from an attempted spinal or epidural analgesia. We had an accidental total spinal anesthesia associated with a cranial nerve paralysis and an eventual unconsciousness during epidural analgesia. A 45-year-old female with an uterine myoma was scheduled for a total abdominal hysterectomy under the epidural analgesia. A lumbar tapping for the epidural analgesia was performed in a sitting position at a level between $L_{3-4}$, using a 18 gauge Tuohy needle. Using the "Loss of Resistance" technique to identify the epidural space, the first attempt failed; however, the second attempt with the same level and the technique was successful. The epidural space was identified erroneously. However, fluid was dripping very slowly through the needle, which we thought was the fluid from the normal saline which was injected from the outside to identify the space. Then 20 ml of 2% lidocaine was administered into the epidural space. Shortly after the spinal injection of lidocaine, many signs of total spinal anesthesia could be clearly observed, accompanied by the following progressing signs of intracrainal nerve paralysis: phrenic nerve, vagus nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve and trigeminal nerve in that order. Then female was intubated and her respiration was controlled without delay. The scheduled operation was carried out uneventfully for 2 hours and 20 minutes. The patient recovered gradually in th4e reverse order four hours from that time.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.98-102
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• 1988

In order to control the pain after hemorrhoidectomy and anal fistulectomy, 6 mg of 0.5% hyperbaric tetracaine without(control, group I) or wilt 0.3 mg(group II) or 0.5 mg (group III) of 0.1% morphine was injected with a 22 gauge spinal needle into the subarachnoid space through L 3-4 interspace of patients in lateral position. About 30 minutes in Fowler' sposition after injection, operation was performed in lithotomy position. All the patients who ha4 morphine showed remarkable relief of postoperative pain for an average of 27 hours. However, the dosage(0.3 or 0.5 mg) of morphine administered did not affect the duration of pain relief. Blood pressure, pulse rate and pupil size were unchanged in all patients. Dysuria after block developed for on average of 5,6, 13.2 and 14.6 hours in group I, II and III respectively. Most of these cases required urethral catheterization. Minor complications such as nausea, vomiting, itching, fever, burning sensation and paresthesia were observed 16.7, 20 and 20% of cases in group I, II and III respectively; however, no treatment was required.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.216-219
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• 2005

In precision length measurements using optical interferometry based on homodyne or heterodyne principles, it is crucial to have frequency-stabilized monochromatic light sources. To the end, we investigate the possibility of utilizing the optical comb constituted by ultrashort femtosecond pulse lasers generated from a gain medium of titanium-doped aluminium oxide $(Ti:Al_2O_3)$. The optical comb is stabilized by locking to the caesium atomic clock, which allows all the modes of the comb to maintain an extremely high level of frequency stabilization to precision of one part in $10^{16}$. Then, high precision length measurements are realized by extracting a single or group of particularly wanted optical frequency components or by adopting a third-party light source locked to the comb. Required measurement system setup will be presented in detail along with experimental results.

• 대한정형외과 초음파학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2014

목적: 미추 경막외 차단술은 요통과 하지 방사통에 효과적으로 외래환자의 치료에 자주 사용되고 있으나 임상 경험이 풍부한 의사에 의해 시술되어도 25%의 실패율이 보고되고 있다. 저자들은 초음파 유도하 미추 경막외 차단술의 유효성을 추간판 탈출증 환자군과 척추관 협착증 환자군으로 나누어 결과를 비교하였다. 대상 및 방법: 요통과 하지 방사통을 호소하여 본원 외래에 내원한 55명의 환자를 대상으로 초음파 유도하 미추 경막외 차단술을 시행하였다. 환자를 복와위 자세로 눕힌 후 방사형 탐지자(round probe)를 이용하여 22게이지 바늘이 천-미추막을 통과한 것을 확인 후 약물을 투여하였다. 추간판 탈출증 환자군은 31명이었으며, 척추관 협착증 환자군은 24명이었다. 임상적 평가는 시각통증척도(VAS)를 이용하여 통증의 변화를 평가하였으며, 시행 전, 시행 후, 시행 2주 후, 시행 4주 후 전화 인터뷰와 외래 방문 시 조사하였다. 결과: 초음파 유도하 미추 경막외 차단술은 55예 중 53예에서 바늘이 성공적으로 삽입되어 96.4%의 성공률을 보였다. 추간판 탈출증 환자군과 척추관 협착증 환자군에서 성별의 차이는 없었으나 나이는 추간판 탈출증군에서 $42.3{\pm}10.8$세로 척추관 협착증군의 $62.8{\pm}15.1$세와 비교할 때 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.001). 시각통증척도는 추간판 탈출증 군에서 시행 전 6.8, 시행 후 3.1, 시행 2주 후 1.8, 시행 4주 후 1.77로 나타났으며, 척추관 협착증 군에서 시행 전6.9, 시행 후 3.6, 시행 2주 후 4.3, 시행 4주 후 4.9로 나타났다. 시행 전에 비해 시행 후 시각통증척도는 양 군에서 유의하게 호전되었으며(p<0.001), 나이를 보정한 후의 결과, 시간에 따라 양 군간 시각통증척도의 차이는 통계적으로 유의하였다(p<0.001). 결론: 초음파 유도하 미추 경막외 차단술은 높은 성공률을 보이며 척추관 협착증 환자군에 비해 추간판 탈출증 환자군에서 더 효과적인 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.203-212
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• 2010

수분류 스프레이 냉각은 많은 산업적인 응용분야에 넓게 사용되고 있다. 본 연구는 수분류 스프레이가 표면거칠기가 주어진 $900^{\circ}C$ 고온강판의 표면에 충돌하는 경우, 열유속 및 열전달계수의 정량적인 측정을 통해 표면거칠기가 수분류 스프레이 냉각에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다. 이 때의 국소 열유속은 시편, 카트리지히터, 열전대의 조합으로 고안된 고유의 열유속게이지를 제작하여 엄밀하게 측정되었다. 평균 표면거칠기 높이를 기준으로 40, 60, $80{\mu}M$의 3 가지 표면과 매끈한 표면에 대한 수분류 스프레이 냉각 의 열전달 현상이 비교 및 평가되었다. 표면거칠기가 주어진 표면에서의 돌출물은 얇은 열 경계층두께를 통과할 수 있기 때문에 표면거칠기가 주어진 경우에 열전달은 뚜렷하게 증가하였고, 표면거칠기의 의한 열전달 향상 기구는 서로 다른 비등영역에 대해 구분하여 조사되었다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.40.1-40.10
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• 2019

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of DentalVibe on the level of pain experienced during anesthetic injections using 2 different techniques. Materials and Methods: This randomized crossover clinical trial evaluated 60 patients who required 2-session endodontic treatment. Labial infiltration (LI) anesthesia was administered in the anterior maxilla of 30 patients, while inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) was performed in the remaining 30 patients. 1.8 mL of 2% lidocaine was injected at a rate of 1 mL/min using a 27-gauge needle. DentalVibe was randomly assigned to either the first or second injection session. A visual analog scale was used to determine participants' pain level during needle insertion and the anesthetic injection. The paired t-test was applied to assess the efficacy of DentalVibe for pain reduction. Results: In LI anesthesia, the pain level was 12.0 ± 15.5 and 38.1 ± 21.0 during needle insertion and 19.1 ± 16.1 and 48.9 ± 24.6 during the anesthetic injection using DentalVibe and the conventional method, respectively. In IANB, the pain level was 14.1 ± 15.9 and 35.1 ± 20.8 during needle insertion and 17.3 ± 14.2 and 39.5 ± 20.8 during the anesthetic injection using DentalVibe and the conventional method, respectively. DentalVibe significantly decreased the level of pain experienced during needle insertion and the anesthetic injection in anterior LI and mandibular IANB anesthesia. Conclusions: The results suggest that DentalVibe can be used to reduce the level of pain experienced by adult patients during needle insertion and anesthetic injection.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.80-85
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• 2013

Twenty one cows in Goyang and Paju cities were referred due to displacement of the abomasum and foreign body in the rumen. Omentopexy and rumenotomy through a right flank celiotomy were performed for treatment of abomasal displacement and the foreign body removal in the rumen. The right paralumbar fossa is clipped and prepared surgically. Local anesthesia is instituted by performing inverted L block. The abdomen was entered through 25 to 30 cm vertical incision in the right paralumbar fossa starting 4 to 5 cm ventral to the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae. A 14-gauge needle with rubber tubing attached is inserted to relieve the gaseous pressure and to facilitate further exploration and manipulation. The rumen was gently pulled out of the abdominal cavity and incision was made at the omentum. Rumenotomy was done and retrieved the foreign body. After the rumen was rinsed with sterile saline, the rumen wall was closed by a Lembert suture technique. The omentum was closed by a simple continuous suture. Right flank omentopexy was performed for the surgical correction of abomasal displacement. Recovery results among 21 cows included 9 excellent, 5 good, 2 fair and 5 bad. It was considered that operation of abomasal displacement and foreign body removal in the rumen through right flank celiotomy was a good surgical technique to reduce expenses, surgical pain, and surgery time.