• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.825-831
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• 1999

This study was performed to determine the etiological agents in concurrent disorders in gastrointestinal and respiratory tract. Most of dogs had clinical signs including nasal and ocular discharge, coughing, vomiting, and diarrhea. Of the 22 dogs, seropositive rates of each virus were 54.5% (12/22) against canine distemper virus, 90.9% (20/22) against canine adenovirus 1, 36.4% (8/22) against canine adenovirus 2, 18.2% (4/22) against canine parvovirus, 81.8% (18/22) against canine hepatitis virus and 59.1% (13/22) against canine coronavirus. Canine distemper virus and canine parvovirus infection were 54.6% (12/22) in histopathological examination. In addition, mixed infections of canine distemper virus and adenovirus 2 were 9.1% (2/22). While simple infection of canine adenovirus 2 were 9.1% (2/22). E coli and Staphylococcus spp were isolated in facts as a rate of 72.7% (16/22) and 40.9% (9/22), respectively. Conclusionally, it is also estimated that environmental stress might be one of the causative factors.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.1260-1269
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• 2024

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract of shrimp, which is comprised of the stomach, hepatopancreas, and intestine, houses microbial communities that play crucial roles in immune defense, nutrient absorption, and overall health. While the intestine's microbiome has been well-studied, there has been limited research investigating the stomach and hepatopancreas. The present study addresses this gap by profiling the bacterial community in these interconnected GI segments of Pacific whiteleg shrimp. To this end, shrimp samples were collected from a local aquaculture farm in South Korea, and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was performed. The results revealed significant variations in bacterial diversity and composition among GI segments. The stomach and hepatopancreas exhibited higher Proteobacteria abundance, while the intestine showed a more diverse microbiome, including Cyanobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, and Verrucomicrobia. Genera such as Oceaniovalibus, Streptococcus, Actibacter, Ilumatobacter, and Litorilinea dominated the intestine, while Salinarimonas, Sphingomonas, and Oceaniovalibus prevailed in the stomach and hepatopancreas. It is particularly notable that Salinarimonas, which is associated with nitrate reduction and pollutant degradation, was prominent in the hepatopancreas. Overall, this study provides insights into the microbial ecology of the Pacific whiteleg shrimp's GI tract, thus enhancing our understanding of shrimp health with the aim of supporting sustainable aquaculture practices.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.80-83
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• 2008

Behcet's disease (BD) is a multisystem inflammatory disorder dominated clinically by recurrent oral and genital ulceration, uveitis and erythema nodosum. BD is very rare in children, especially those less than 10 years of age, who account for only an estimated 5% of all cases. Gastrointestinal ulcers, in patients with Behcet's disease with intestinal involvement are rare and have been reported in only 1-2% of all cases. The intestinal ulcers of Behcet's disease are usually multiple and scattered and tend to cause perforations associated with significant morbidity. Patients with BD and abdominal symptoms must be evaluated thoroughly for potential perforation of the gastrointestinal tract. Here we report the case of a 4 year 9 month old child with multiple perforations of the gastrointestinal tract associated with BD.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.251-259
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• 1988

Regional distribution and relative frequency of endocrine cells in ten portions of the gastrointestinal tract of the Korean native cattle were observed by immunocytochemical methods using specific antisera against chromogranin, serotonin, somatostatin, glucagon, bovine pancreatic polypeptide(BPP), motilin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide(GIP), neurotensin, secretin, gastrin and substance P. The results observed are summarized as follows: In the abomasum, chromogranin-, serotonin-, somatostatin-, motilin-, glucagon-, gastrin-, and substance P-immunoreactive cells were found. Chromogranin-and serotonin-immunoreactive cells were more numerous in the fundic region than pyloric region. Somatostatin- and gastrinimmunoreactive cells were numerous in the pyloric region than in the fundic region. In the small intestine, chromogranin-, serotonin-, somatostatin-, glucagon-, BPP-, motilin-, gastrin-, GIP-, neurotensin-, secretin-, and substance P-immunoreactive cells were detected. Chromogranin-, somatostatin-, GIP- and secretin-immunoreactive cells were most numerous in the duodenum, while BPP-, motilin-, glucagon-, neurotensin- and substance P-immunoreactive cells were rarely seen in the small intestine. In the large intestine, chromogranin-, serotonin- and BPP-immunoreactive cells were widely distributed and most numerous in the rectum. Somatostatin-, glucagon- and substance P-immunoreactive cells were rarely seen in the large intestine.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.813-817
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• 2005

We investigated the effect of a viscous substance from chongkukjang (chongkukjang mucilage) on immunohistochemical reactions in rat gastrointestinal (GI) tracts, Rats fed a steady diet of chongkukjang mucilage showed an increase in the immunoreactive densities of gastrin and serotonin in the pyloric region of their stomachs and duodenal villi, The number of gastrin and serotonin immunoreactive cells was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Feeding on dietary chongkukjang mucilage increased the immunohistochemical densities of $CD4^+$ and $CD8^+$ lymphocytes in the mucosa and submucosa of the rats' gastroduodenal region. The universal nitric oxide synthase (uNOS)-immunoreactive neurons and nerve fibers were strongly stained in the vascular walls of the submucosa and myenteric plexus in rats fed the test diet. The results indicate that the intake of chongkukjang mucilage could increase mucosal immune activity, gastrointestinal motility, and blood circulation in the GI tract.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.195-199
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• 1984

The present observations were focussed mainly on the macroscopic and histopathological observation to polyps encountered on the stomach of 4-month-old pig, small intestine of 3-month-old pig and cecum of 9-month-old dog. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The polyps were gray or pink hemispherical shapes attached by the broad base to the gastrointestinal walls and were 3 to 8 mm in diameter and diffuse appearance. The surfaces of polyps were flat or indented and were ulcerated in some large polyps. 2. In histopathological findings, the polyps were nodules composed of lymphoid follicles, which were characterized by the differentiation and proliferation of the lymphoid cells in the lamina propria or submucosa of the gastrointestinal tract. The lymphoid nodules have the thin septa and thick capsules of the connective tissues, also comprised more numerous and larger sinus-like-blood vessels and more diffuse lymphoid cells in the peripheral zones than those in the central zones of nodules. In addition, the external surface of the polyps bulged toward the intestinal lumen were covered with the abnormal epithelium, or the degenerative and necrotic lymphocyte aggregates. 3. These polyps were considered as lymphoid polyps caused by the hyperplasia of the lymhoid follicles.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.26-34
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of spinal-Z, derived from Peganum harmala seeds and Dracocephalum Kotschyi Boiss leaves, in patients with esophageal and stomach adenocarcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Methods: Sixty-one patients with malignancies of the upper gastrointestinal tract were randomly assigned to one of two groups (treatment or control) in a double-blind fashion. Six capsules of Spinal-Z were prescribed to the patients with the regimen of 600 mg/m2/day, and placebo to the control group, for six months. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to age, sex, duration of cancer, type of cancer and family history of cancer. There were significant differences in abdominal pain, heartburn, constipation and vomiting between the two groups, following spinal-Z therapy. Evaluation of drug side effects showed no difference in cough or other respiratory symptoms, itching, headache or dizziness between the two groups, both before and after treatment. Conclusion: This study indicates that Spinal-Z is safe and efficacious in the management of patients with upper gastrointestinal tract cancers.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2015

Interactions between microbes and epithelial cells in the gastrointestinal tract are closely associated with regulation of intestinal mucosal immune responses. Recent studies have highlighted the modulation of mucosal immunity by microbe-derived molecules such as ATP and short-chain fatty acids. In this study, we undertook to characterize the expression of the ATP-gated $P2X_7$ receptor ($P2X_7R$) on M cells and its role in gastrointestinal mucosal immune regulation because it was poorly characterized in Peyer's patches, although purinergic signaling via $P2X_7R$ and luminal ATP have been considered to play an important role in the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we present the first report on the expression of $P2X_7R$ on M cells and characterize the role of $P2X_7R$ in immune enhancement by ATP or LL-37.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1273-1281
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• 2009

To research the trends of study and the guidelines of investigation and management about gastrointestinal (GI) disease in oriental medicine, we reviewed and analysed articles published in Korea from 2004 to 2009. The western medicine in medical treatments of GI tract is notorious for their side effects. But, in oriental medicine, we couldn't find any side effects. Although we treat or manage clinical practices of the GI disease every day, however, we do not have abundant evidences about scientific mechanisms of those treated with oriental medicine therapy. Therefore, we suggest that the upward of qualities of life and the improvement of health-care system through the development of oriental medicine therapies in Korea will be need.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.754-760
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• 2023

Background/Aims: Endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) can heal a variety of defects within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract via applying negative pressure, which reduces the defect size, aspirates the infected fluid, and promotes granulation tissue. Here we present our experience with EVT as it relates to both spontaneous and iatrogenic upper GI tract perforations, leaks, and fistulas. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at four large hospital centers. All patients who underwent EVT between June 2018 and March 2021 were included. Data on multiple variables were collected, including demographics, defect size and location, number and intervals of EVT exchanges, technical success, and hospital length of stay. Student t-test and the chi-squared test were used to analyze the data. Results: Twenty patients underwent EVT. The most common defect cause was spontaneous esophageal perforation (50%). The most common defect location was the distal esophagus (55%). The success rate was 80%. Seven patients were treated with EVT as the primary closure method. The mean number of exchanges was five with a mean interval of 4.3 days between exchanges. The mean length of hospital stay was 55.8 days. Conclusions: EVT is a safe and effective initial management option for esophageal leaks and perforations.