• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2013

There is a growing evidence that gastroesophageal reflux disease is related to several upper gastrointestinal cancers, mainly the esophageal adenocarcinoma and a certain type of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma. Currently, the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease is rapidly increasing in Korea. Therefore, there is a possibility of such increasing cancerous incidents, similar to the western worlds. In this article, the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and several upper gastrointestinal cancers, the components of refluxate which has possible causal relationship with carcinogenesis, and the clinical implications of such relationship in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease patients are discussed through the review of literature.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.217-221
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• 2020

Gastroesophageal reflux is a common problem after gastroesophageal resection and reconstruction, despite the routine prescription of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Resection of the lower esophageal sphincter and excision of the vagus nerve are generally thought to be the main factors that interfere with gastric motor function. However, physiological studies of reflux symptoms after esophagectomy are still lacking. Gastroesophageal reflux occurs frequently after esophagectomy, but there is no known effective method to prevent it. Therefore, in order to manage gastroesophageal reflux after esophagectomy, strict lifestyle modifications and gastric acid suppression treatment such as PPIs are needed, and further clinical studies are required.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.40-48
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• 2015

Objectives : This study is to report the effects of SokPyeonAnGel (SPAG) on patients with reflux esophagitis. Methods : Four patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms, who had suffered from different symptoms, were diagnosed with reflux esophagitis by gastroscopy. SPAG was orally administered 30 minutes after each meal, 3 times a day. Analysis of the Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (GerdQ) for GERD symptoms and quality of life was performed before and 1~3 weeks after SPAG treatment. Results and Conclusions : The rating scores decreased by 1~4 points after treatment. In particular, there was a 2-point decrease in “How often did you take additional medication for your heartburn and/or regurgitation?” except for one patient who hadn't taken additional medication. This suggests that SPAG could be used to treat symptoms of reflux esophagitis.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.401-407
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• 2017

Objective: This study reports on a treatment case of Soojeom-san plus Jeungmiyijin-tang (SJJI) on gastroesophageal reflux disease with hiatal hernia. Method: We considered a male patient suffering from gastroesophageal reflux disease with hiatal hernia because of blood stasis and damp-heat of the spleen and stomach pattern and prescribed SJJI. The progress was evaluated using the frequency scale for the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (FSSG) score, and the visual analogue scale for abdominal pain, sore stomach, and other symptoms. Results: The patient's symptoms, which included abdominal pain, sore stomach, dyspepsia, anorexia, insomnia, etc., almost disappeared. Conclusion: SJJI can be used for patients who have a chronic condition of gastroesophageal reflux disease with hiatal hernia because of blood stasis and a pattern of damp-heat of the spleen and stomach.

• Journal of The Korean Radiological Technologist Association
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 2002

Purpose : This study presents a new classification of gastroesophageal reflux to evaluate the patients with Gastroesophageal reflux disease after barium contrast reflux exam to help making the correct diagnosis and Treatment according to the symptoms and

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.43-47
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• 2008

Background : Anti-reflux procedures treat gastroesophageal reflux (GER) disease. It is known that gastroesophageal reflux is likelyrelated to the increased incidence of chronic rejection in lung transplantation recipients. Because experimental animal studies areto verify this, we have tried to make an animal model of GER in a rat. Material and Methods : Using the SD rats weighing 250-300 g, we surgically induced gastroesophageal reflux and measured the gastrostomy time under anesthesia. Of three groups, Group I was the control, Group II had lower esophageal and anterior myotomy, and Group III had lower esophageal and anterior myotomy plusdiaphragmatic crural myotomy.The animals were scarified, and lung biopsies and histological examinations were performed 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 3 months after gastroesophageal reflux surgery. Results : Baseline animals (n=5) had no GER after charcoal instillation through a gastrostomy tube in Group I. Charcoal-laden macrophages were observed in GroupsII and III. To determine evidence of GER evidence, charcoal was instillated through the gastrostomy tube in group III. In contrast, Group II demonstrated severe neurophil infiltration in the bronchioles and alveolar walls after procedure. After 12 weeks, we observed the disappearance of neurophil, lymphocyte and histiocyte infiltration, and also occasional focal bronchopneumonia and bronchitis. Group III demonstrated neurophil and basophil infiltration in the bronchioles and alveolar walls which was more severe than that in Group II. Interstitial fibrotic changes were observed in Group III.Conclusion : The purpose of our gastroesophageal reflux model was to find evidence of aspiration. There was more evidence of aspiration in Group II than in either of theother two groups.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.302-308
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• 1999

Background: It is well known fact to the patients of duodenal ulcer that their condition is frequently accompanied with reflux esophagitis. Therefore this condition is called an "acid-related disorder" because it is commonly associated with increased acidity. But there has been disputes on the effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication in these two conditions and whether H. pylori infection may have a protective role in reflux esophagitis. Only few reports have dealt with the prevalence of reflux esophagitis and gastroesophageal reflux in patients with peptic ulcer The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux and to analyze the pattern of the pathologic reflux in peptic ulcer patients. Materials and Methods: The study population consisted of 57 patients with endoscopically confirmed duodenal and/or gastric ulcer who all underwent 24hr ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring. Results: The prevalance of gastroesophageal reflux in peptic ulcer patients was 54.2% and 54,5% in gastric ulcer, and 62.5% in duodenal ulcer, 50% in combined ulcer, respectively. The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux in the control group was 22.7% Conclusion: We discovered significantly higher prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux in patients with peptic ulcer disease than in those without it. In conclusion, the presence or absence of gastroesophageal reflux must be considered in the setting of peptic ulcer disease management.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.70-105
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• 2023

This study was conducted to examine the current status of traditional korean medicine studies on gastroesophageal reflux disease in Korea, identify deficiencies, and suggest the direction of future medicine research methods to lay the foundation for traditional korean medicine treatment. All domestic papers on the korean traditional treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease were selected among the literature published until August 2022 in six domestic databases. A total of 52 selected research data were classified into experimental research papers, clinical research papers, and review papers. In experimental papers, to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment, improvement of esophageal mucosal lesions, anti-inflammatory mechanisms, antioxidant mechanisms, esophageal mucosal protection mechanisms, gastric peristalsis control, and gastric acid secretion inhibition mechanisms were used as evaluation measures. In the clinical research paper, the basis for diagnosis of cases was clinical symptoms through medical history listening and diagnosis through visits to hospitals in the past. The average treatment period was 40.7 days, and the duration of treatment was not significantly affected by the duration of the disease. The most widely used Korean medicine treatment intervention was herbal medicine. There were 3 literature review studies, 3 systematic literature review and meta-analysis studies, 1 comparative review study for clinical trial guideline development, all using Chinese papers. This study included all domestic papers on gastroesophageal reflux disease to identify the research trend of the Korean oriental medicine community, and based on this, it is meaningful to confirm areas that need to be supplemented in future research plans.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2007

Fundoplication is accepted as an effective treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. The recent results of laparoscopic fundoplication demonstrated safety and less morbidity, shorter hospital stay and less pulmonary complication compared to the open operation. Laparoscopic fundoplication has been our first choice of operation for gastroesophageal reflux disease since 2003. Among 29 cases, there were 2 conversion cases because of severe distension of transverse colon and hepatomegaly. We studied 27 consecutive patients operated upon from January 2003 through December 2004. There were 15 boys and 12 girls, ages from 1.5 months to 12 years (median 25.3 months). Body weight ranged from 2.9 kg to 37 kg (median 9.8 kg). Neurological abnormalities were present in 23 patients. Indications for surgery included medically refractory reflux associated with vomiting, pneumopathy, otorhinolaryngologic pathology, failure to thrive, esophagitis, apnea and bradycardia. We used 4-5 trocars of 5 mm or 12 mm with $30^{\circ}$ telescope and performed the Nissen technique in all patients. In neurological impaired patients, gastrostomy tube was placed at the time of fundoplication. Median operative time was 130 minutes (70 - 300 minutes). There was no mortality nor intraoperative complication. Twenty-six patients were followed for median of 19 months (8 - 31 months). Four patients (15.4 %), who were all neurological impaired, developed recurrent symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Two of these patients had reoperation (1 laparoscopic approach, 1 open method). There were significant increases in body weight in 11 patients after fundoplication. Laparoscopic fundoplication is acceptable as a safe and effective method for gastroesophageal reflux disease.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.11 no.sup1
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• pp.55-71
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• 2008

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) defined as passage of gastric contents into the esophagus without symptoms is a common physiologic gastrointestinal problem in infants, children and even in adults. But gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) defined as symptoms or complications of GER is a disease entity to find out the reason and treat. After the era of 1970 we have been studying about GERD with the development of diagnostic and therapeutic methods. I already introduced the nature and the fundamental knowledge of GERD in the opening symposium of KSPGHAN in 1998. Now, I will introduce the guidelines for evaluation and treatment of GERD which was recommended by the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition and American Pediatric Association which was published in 2001. And I will introduce progressing subjects and the forecoming issues to be solved in near future. Those are as followings. Does GERD cause otolaryngologic symptoms such as chronic sinusitis and chronic otitis? Is GERD inherited? Can we find out the child who will become GERD in adult life and the way to reduce the incidence of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal cancer? Is long term PPI therapy safe in children?