• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.413-418
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• 2021

높은 유효 표면적을 갖는 나노소재는 고감도 가스센서와 바이오센서 및 높은 촉매효율을 구현하는 기능성 소재로 활용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 Ti Sheet와 Urea를 이용하는 Chemical Bath Deposition(CBD) 공정으로 기판에 수직한 방향으로 성장하는, 높은 유효 표면적을 갖는 3차원 나노벽 유사구조의 Titanate Sheet를 합성하였다. CBD 공정에서 합성온도 및 합성시간 등을 조절하여 3차원 나노벽 유사구조의 최적 합성조건을 탐색하였다. 합성된 3차원 나노벽유사구조의 Ammonium Titanate를 공기 중에서의 열처리 공정을 통하여 다양한 용도로 활용되는 TiO2 3차원 나노벽유사구조로 변환시켰다. 연구결과 3차원 나노벽 유사구조의 Ammonium Titanate가 균일하게 성장되는 CBD 합성온도는 90 ℃이었고, 550 ℃ 이상에서 3시간 열처리하였을 경우, 3차원 나노벽 유사구조의 TiO2 상으로 변환되었다. 특히 700 ℃에서 열처리하였을 경우, Rutile 상이 우세한 TiO2 3차원 나노벽 유사구조를 얻을 수 있었다. 하지만 700 ℃의 열처리에서는 3차원 나노벽의 가장자리가 손상되는 현상이 발생하였다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2007

Turbulent in-situ mixing process is a new material process technology to get dispersed phase in nanometer size by controlling reaction of liquid/solid, liquid/gas, flow ana solidification speed simultaneously. In this study, mixing which is the key technology to this synthesis method was studied by computational fluid dynamics. For the simulation of mixing of liquid metal, static mixers investigated. Two inlets for different liquid metal meet ana merge like 'Y' shape tube having various shapes and radios of curve. The performance of mixer was evaluated with quantitative analysis with coefficient of variance of mass fraction. Also, detailed plots of intersection were presented to understand effect of mixer shape on mixing. The simulations show that the Reynolds number (Re) is the important factor to mixing and dispersion of $TiB_2$ particles. Mixer was designed according to the simulation, and $Cu-TiB_2$ nano composites were evaluated. $TiB_2$ nano particles were uniformly dispersed when Re was 1000, and cluster formation and reduction in volume fraction of $TiB_2$ were found at higher Re.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.373-379
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• 2020

In this study, TiN-coated cBN (cubic-structure boron nitride) powders were successfully synthesized by a sol-gel method using titanium (IV) isopropoxide (TTIP) and by controlling the heat treatment conditions. After the sol-gel process, amorphous nano-sized TiO_x was uniformly coated on the surface of cBN powder particles. The obtained TiO_x-coated cBN powders were heated at 1,000~1,300℃ for 1 or 6 h in a flow of 95%N₂-5%H₂ mixed gas. With increasing temperature, the chemical composition of the TiO_x coating layer changed in the order of TiO₂→Ti₆O₁₁→Ti₄O₇→TiN due to reduction of the Ti ions. The TiN coating layer was observable in the samples heated at 1,200℃ and appeared as the main phase in the sample heated at 1,300℃. The resulting thickness of the TiN coating layer of the sample heated at 1,300℃ was approximately 45~50 nm.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.468-475
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• 2011

[ $LaMeO_3$ ](Me = Cr, Co) powders were prepared using the polymeric precursor method. The effects of the chelating agent and the polymeric additive on the synthesis of the $LaMeO_3$ perovskite were studied. The samples were synthesized using ethylene glycol (EG) as the solvent, acetyl acetone (AcAc) as the chelating agent, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the polymer additive. The thermal decomposition behavior of the precursor powder was characterized using a thermal analysis (TG-DTA). The crystallization and particle sizes of the $LaMeO_3$ powders were investigated via powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and particle size analyzer, respectively. The as-prepared precursor primarily has $LaMeO_3$ at the optimum condition, i.e. for a molar ratio of both metal-source (a : a) : EG (80a : 80a) : AcAc (8a) inclusive of 1 wt% PVP. When the as-prepared precursor was calcined at $700^{\circ}C$, only a single phase was observed to correspond with the orthorhombic structure of $LaCrO_3$ and the rhombohedral structure of $LaCoO_3$. A solid-electrolyte impedance-metric sensor device composed of $Li_{1.5}Al_{0.5}Ti_{1.5}(PO_4)_3$ as a transducer and $LaMeO_3$ as a receptor has been systematically investigated for the detection of NOx in the range of 20 to 250 ppm at $400^{\circ}C$. The sensor responses were able to divide the component between resistance and capacitance. The impedance-metric sensor for the NO showed higher sensitivity compared with $NO_2$. The responses of the impedance-metric sensor device showed dependence on each value of the NOx concentration.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2010년도 제39회 하계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.281-281
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• 2010

Very low refractive index (<1.4) materials have been proved to be the key factor improving the performance of various optical components, such as reflectors, filters, photonic crystals, LEDs, and solar cell. Highly porous SiO2 are logically designed for ultralow refractive index materials because of the direct relation between porosity and index of refraction. Among them, ordered macroporous SiO2 is of potential material since their theoretically low refractive index ~1.10. However, in the conventional synthesis of ordered macroporous SiO2, the time required for the crystallization of organic nanoparticles, such as polystyrene (PS), from colloidal solution into well ordered template is typical long (several days for 1 cm substrate) due to the low interaction between particles and particle - substrate. In this study, polystyrene - polyacrylic acid (PS-AA) nanoparticles synthesized by miniemulsion polymerization method have hydrophilic polyacrylic acid tails on the surface of particles which increase the interaction between particle and with substrate giving rise to the formation of PS-AA film by simply spin - coating method. Less ordered with controlled thickness films of PS-AA on silicon wafer were successfully fabricated by changing the spinning speed or concentration of colloidal solution, as confirmed by FE-SEM. Based on these template films, a series of macroporous SiO2 films whose thicknesses varied from 300nm to ~1000nm were fabricated either by conventional sol - gel infiltration or gas phase deposition followed by thermal removal of organic template. Formations of SiO2 films consist of interconnected air balls with size ~100 nm were confirmed by FE-SEM and TEM. These highly porous SiO2 show very low refractive indices (<1.18) over a wide range of wavelength (from 200 to 1000nm) as shown by SE measurement. Refraction indices of SiO2 films at 633nm reported here are of ~1.10 which, to our best knowledge, are among the lowest values having been announced.

• 공업화학
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• 제10권8호
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• pp.1210-1215
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• 1999

Pd/C촉매가 부유되어 있는 3상 슬러리 반응기에서 원료 p-nitroaniline(PNA)를 수소 첨가시켜 고순도의 p-phenylenediamine(PPD)를 합성하는 최적 반응조건을 구하였다. 수소첨가 반응시 활성점에서 수소부족을 줄이고 불순물의 생성을 감소시킬 수 있도록, 기체-액체, 액체-촉매사이의 물질전달 저항을 최소화하고 표면반응속도가 율속할 수 있게 반응조건을 설정하였다. 이 반응조건은 온도 $60^{\circ}C$, 압력 60~70 psig, 촉매농도 1~2 g-cat/L일 때가 최적이었으며, 반응속도는 PNA 농도에 0차, 수소 반응압력에 1차를 각각 보여주었으며, 총괄반응속도식은 $R_A=6.44{\times}10^6{\cdot}H{\cdot}P{\cdot}m{\cdot}$exp(-4659/T)로 나타났다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.516-520
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• 1999

유형성 볼밀을 사용하여 순수한 철분말 암모니아가스 분위기 중에서 기계적 합금화(MA) 처리를 하였다. 그 결과 질소함량이 23 at% 까지 준안정 질화철 분말을 얻을 수 있었다. 질화철 분말의 생성상은 질소 함량이 14.5 at% N 이하의 경우 bcc과포화 고용체가, 20.8 at% N에서는 고온에서 안정한 비평형 hcp 결정 분말이었다. MA법으로 제조한 Fe-N계 분말의 포화 자화는 질소농도가 증가함에 따라 단조로운 감소를 보였으며 보고된 bct 질화철에서의 포화자화값 증가와 대조적인 결과를 나타냈다. 질소원자 주위의 상세한 를 조사하기 위하여 중성자 회절 실험을 행하였다. 그 결과, 9.5 at% N의 질화철 분말의 경우 질소원자 주위의 철원자의 배위수는 3.9이었으며, 이러한 결정구조해석 결과로부터 질소원자는 철원자로 이루어진 4면체의 중심에 위치하고 있는 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2008

새로운 $CaZrO_3:Er^{3+}$ 축광성 형광체를 전통적인 고상반응법으로 제조하였으며, 분쇄한 축광성 형광체를 X 선 회절 분석, 광발광 분석, 열발광 분석과 휘도계를 통하여 장잔광 특성을 분석하였다. X 선 회절 분석 결과 순수한 $CaZrO_3$ 결정상을 확인 하였으며, 고온의 질소 분위기에서 합성한 경우 446 nm 와 550 nm의 넓은 발광 피크가 나타났다. 합성한 장잔광 특성의 형광체의 발광 지속시간은 254 nm UV lamp로 여기 시킨 후 어두운 곳에서 6시간 이상 스스로 발광 하였다. 발광 피크는 $Er^{3+}$ 이온의 $^5D_{5/2}{\rightarrow}^4F_{9/2},\;^2H_{12/2},\;^4S_{3/2}{\rightarrow}^4I_{13/2}$ 그리고 $^2G_{9/2}{\rightarrow}^4I_{13/2}$ 전이에 의한 것이며, 잔광 특성은 $CaZrO_3$ 격자 내에 적당한 trap center가 형성 된 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.509-520
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• 1996

탄산가스로 채워진 반응기에 현탁액을 분사시키는 방법(분사법)으로 탄산칼슘 분말을 제조한 결과, 현탁액의 pH 및 칼슘이온의 농도가 반응초기 일정기간 높게 유지되는 조건에서만 잘 분산된 $0.05~0.1\;\mu\textrm{m}$ 크기의 초미립 칼사이트 상 탄산칼슘 분말이 제조되었다. 반응 초기 현탁액의 pH 및 칼슘이온의 농도가 일정기간 높게 유지시키기 위하여 현탁액의 순환방식과 탄산가스 공급방식을 변환시켜 제어할 결과 그간 분사법으로 미립자의 탄산칼슘 분말 합성이 어려웠던 1 wt% 이하의 수산화칼슘 농도 영역과 고농도 현탁액 영역인 5 wt% 수산화칼슘 농도 영역에서 $0.02\;\mu\textrm{m}$ 크기의 초미립자 탄산칼슘 분말을 얻을 수 있었다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.1013-1021
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• 2020

A combination of simultaneous thermal analysis, evolved gas analysis and non-ambient XRD techniques was used to characterise and investigate the conversion reactions of ammonium uranates into uranium oxides. Two solid phases of the ternary system NH₃ - UO₃ - H₂O were synthesised under specified conditions. Microspheres prepared by the sol-gel method via internal gelation were identified as 3UO₃·2NH₃·4H₂O, whereas the product of a typical ammonium diuranate precipitation reaction was associated to the composition 3UO₃·NH₃·5H₂O. The thermal decomposition profile of both compounds in air feature distinct reaction steps towards the conversion to U₃O₈, owing to the successive release of water and ammonia molecules. Both compounds are converted into α-U₃O₈ above 550 ℃, but the crystallographic transition occurs differently. In compound 3UO₃·NH₃·5H₂O (ADU) the transformation occurs via the crystalline β-UO₃ phase, whereas in compound 3UO₃·2NH₃·4H₂O (microspheres) an amorphous UO₃ intermediate was observed. The new insights obtained on these uranate systems improve the information base for designing and synthesising minor actinide-containing target materials in future applications.