• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.816-821
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• 1997

The hydrodynamics and the liquid flow characteristics were investigated in an internal circulation airlift reactor with a single nozzle as a gas distributor. In an air-water system, the gas holdup in the individual flow zone and the impulse-response curve of tracer were measured at various gas velocities and reactor heights. Experimental results showed that for the higher gas velocity(>about 8 cm/s), the flow behavior of bubbles in the riser was turbulent flow due to strong bubble coalescences and the axial height of dispersion zone of large bubbles having uniform sizes in the downcomer was decreased with increasing gas velocity. And mean gas holdups in the individual flow zone and the reactor were increased with increasing gas velocities and were decreased with increasing heights of the top section of the reactor and it was decreased with increasing the height of the top section and gas velocity. Flow characteristics of liquid in the riser and the downcomer was tend to access to plug flow and the overall flow behavior of liquid was mainly varied with the size of the top section which it was assumed to be perfect mixing zone. In these conditions, liquid circulation velocities were increased with increasing gas velocities and they were higher than those by using other gas distributors.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.429-432
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• 2006

Characteristics of heat and water transfer in gas-to-gas membrane humidifiers have been experimentally investigated for various humidity rod flow rates of gas and for different thickness of Nafion membrane. The results emphasizes the importance of flow velocity for both water and heat transfer. Also, the effect of membrane thickness has been revealed to be significant to water transfer especially for unsaturated flows, while the significance of membrane thickness is minimal to heat transfer.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.390-395
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• 2002

The experimental and numerical study has been conducted on the sleeve repair welding of API 5L X65 pipeline. SMA W and GTAW were applied to weld the sleeve. The macrostructure and hardness of repair welds have been examined. The [mite element analysis of the multi-pass sleeve-fillet welding has been conducted to validate the experiment and investigate the effects of in-service welding conditions. The effect of gas flow rate on the hydrogen cracking was investigated. The effect of internal pressure on residual stresses and plastic strain was investigated. The allowable heat input was predicted considering the maximum temperature of inner surface of pipe and cooling rate at CGHAZ.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.551-554
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• 2006

Inhibition of propellant temperature rising in liquid propulsion rocket using cryogenic fluid as a propellant is very important. Especially propellant temperature rising during stand-by after filling and pre-pressurization can bring into cavitation in turbo-pump. One of the method preventing propellant temperature rising in cryogenic feeding system is recirculating propellant through the loop composed of propellant tank, feed pipe, and recirculation pipe. The circulation of propellant is promoted through gas-lift effect by gas injection to lower position of recirculation pipe. In this experiment liquid oxygen and gas helium is used as propellant and injection gas. Under atmospheric and pressurized tank ullage condition, helium injection flow-rate is varied to observe the variation of recirculating flow-rate and propellant temperature in the feed pipe. There is appropriate helium injection flow-rate for gas-lift recirculation system.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.241-246
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• 2000

Gas hydrates are solid solutions when water molecules are linked through hydrogen bondin create host lattice cavities that can enclose a large variety of guest gas molecules. The natural hydrate crystal may exist at low temperature above the normal freezing point of water and pressure greater than about 30 bars. A lot of quantities of natural gas hydrates exists in the ear many production schemes are being studied. In the present investigation, depressurization method considered to predict the production of gas and the simulation of the two phase flow - gas and - in porous media is being carried out. The simulation show about the fluid flow in porous have a variety of applications in industry. Results provide the appearance of gas and water prod the pressure profile, the saturation of gas/ water/ hydrates profiles and the location of the pl front.

• International Journal of Korean Welding Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.36-41
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• 2002

The experimental and numerical study has been conducted on the sleeve repair welding of API 5L X65 pipeline. SMAW and GTAW were applied to weld the sleeve. The macrostructure and hardness of repair welds have been examined. The finite element analysis of the multi-pass sleeve-fillet welding has been conducted to validate the experiment and investigate the effects of in-service welding conditions. The effect of gas flow rate on the hydrogen cracking was investigated. The effect of internal pressure on residual stresses and plastic strain was investigated. The allowable heat input was predicted considering the maximum temperature of inner surface of pipe and cooling rate at CGHAZ.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.458-462
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• 2004

The hydraulic system for discharging compressed gas is composed of compressor tank, proportional flow control servo valve, expulsion spool valve and discharging tube. Purpose of this study is to control of expulsion spool valve. First, we analyzed the hydraulic system. The flow control servo valve is modeled as a 2nd order transfer function and friction force of the expulsion spool valve is modeled as nonlinear model with stribeck effect. However, it is difficult to include the flow reaction force in modeling. So, we exchanged from the simplified flow reaction force of the compressed gas affection into the flow analysis code written in FORTRAN code. Our simulation of the oil pressure system for discharging gas used MATLAB/Simulink. So, we realized ＆apos;Level -2 S-Function Fortran＆apos; to cooperate for MATLAB/Simulink and FORTRAN code. PD controller is selected to control in this system. Simulation results show that with given conditions the controllers give a good tracking performance.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.462-472
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• 1999

De-NOx facility using Selective Catalytic Reduction method is the most widely applied one that removes NOx from flue gas emitted from combustion facility such as boiler for power generation engine incinerator etc. Reductant $NH_3\;or\;NH_4OH$ is sprayed into flue gas to convert NOx into $H_2O$ and $N_2.$ Good mixing between flue gas and $NH_3$ is the most important factor to increase reduction in catalytic layer and to reduce unreacted NH3 slip. Therefore the development of mixer device for mixing effect is one of the important part for SCR facility. Objectives of this study are to investigate the relation between flow and concentration field by observation at the wake of delta-wing type mixer. At the first stage qualitative measurement of flow field is conducted by flow visualization using laser light sheet in lab. scale wind tunnel. Also we have conducted the quantitative analysis by comparing flow field measurement using LDV with numerical simulation. On the basis of qualitative and quantitative analysis we investigate the dis-tribution of flow and concentration in flow model facility. The results of an experimental and compu-tational examination of the vortex structures shed from delta wing type vortex generator having $40^{\circ}$ angle of attack are presented, The effects of vortex structure on the gas mixing is discussed, too.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.1742-1756
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• 2023

The hydrogen behavior in a nuclear containment vessel is a significant issue when discussing the potential of hydrogen combustion during a severe accident. After the Fukushima-Daiichi accident in Japan, we have investigated in-depth the hydrogen transport mechanisms by utilizing experimental and numerical approaches. Computational fluid dynamics is a powerful tool for better understanding the transport behavior of gas mixtures, including hydrogen. This paper describes a Large-eddy simulation of gas mixing driven by a high-buoyancy flow. We focused on the interaction behavior of heat and mass transfers driven by the horizontal high-buoyant flow during density stratification. For validation, the experimental data of the Containment InteGral effects Measurement Apparatus (CIGMA) facility were used. With a high-power heater for the gas-injection line in the CIGMA facility, a high-temperature flow of approximately 390 ℃ was injected into the test vessel. By using the CIGMA facility, we can extend the experimental data to the high-temperature region. The phenomenological discussion in this paper helps understand the heat and mass transfer induced by the high-buoyancy flow in the containment vessel during a severe accident.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.705-712
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• 2000

The fluid generally flows through fractures in crystalline rocks where most of underground storage facilities are constructed because of their low hydraulic conductivities. The fractured rock is better to be conceptualized with a discrete fracture concept, rather continuum approach. In the aspect of fluid flow in underground, the simultaneous flow of groundwater and gas should be considered in the cases of generation and leakage of gas in nuclear waste disposal facilities, air sparging process and soil vapor extraction for eliminating contaminants in soil or rock pore, and pneumatic fracturing for the improvement of permeability of rock mass. For the purpose of appropriate analysis of groundwater-gas flow, this study presents an unsteady-state multi-phase FEM fracture network simulator. Numerical simulation has been also conducted to investigate the hydraulic head distribution and air tightness around Ulsan LPG storage cavern. The recorded hydraulic head at the observation well Y was -5 to -10 m. From the results obtained by the developed model, it shows that the discrete fracture model yielded hydraulic head of -10 m, whereas great discrepancy with the field data was observed in the case of equivalent continuum modeling. The air tightness of individual fractures around cavern was examined according to two different operating pressures and as a result, only several numbers of fractures neighboring the cavern did not satisfy the criteria of air tightness at 882 kPa of cavern pressure. In the meantime, when operating pressure is 710.5 kPa, the most areas did not satisfy air tightness criteria. Finally, in the case of gas leaking from cavern to the surrounding rocks, the resulted hydraulic head and flowing pattern was changed and, therefore, gas was leaked out from the cavern ceiling and groundwater was flowed into the cavern through the walls.