• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.444-453
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• 2015

In the previous study, several problems were observed in a NG conversion vehicle, which were fail of air-fuel ratio closed loop control, aggravated fuel economy, increased harmful emission and declined roadability. It was provisionally supposed that the mismatch of injection system with the engine caused these performance deterioration. In this context, the characteristics of fuel injection system of commercial conversion kit for NG were investigated experimentally varying the engine speed, fuel rail pressure and volume. The results are as follows; The injection quantity decreases as the engine speed increases due to the extremely small rail volume of the presenting system and flow rate of No. 2 injector are always lower than that of the other ones regardless of the speed under the dynamic operation condition. Furthermore the existing system does not meet the required fuel quantity for the normal engine operation over 3000 RPM. On the other hands, the large rail volume systems ease and/or eliminate the difference of injection quantity between the injectors according to the speed variation, however, these systems decrease injection flow rate and still cannot supply sufficient fuel. Finally, suitable combination of the higher rail pressure and the larger rail volume might be a solution about these problems.

• 플랜트 저널
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2018

발전설비에서의 질소산화물 배출 규제치가 강화됨에 따라 1990년대에 설치된 HRSG도 탈질설비를 추가로 설치해야 하는 상황이 되었다. 그러나 HRSG 내부에 촉매와 암모니아 분사장치 모두를 설치할 수 있는 공간이 없기 때문에 그 대안으로써 HRSG 내부에는 촉매만 설치하고 암모니아 분사장치는 가스터빈 배기덕트로 변동하여 설치하는 것을 검토하였다. 본 연구에서는 인천복합발전소를 대상으로, 암모니아 분사장치를 HRSG 중압 과열기 후단과 가스터빈 배기덕트에 설치하여 암모니아를 분사였을 때 대기 배출기준 8.5 ppm을 만족하는 암모니아 소비량을 각각 측정하였다. 연구결과 가스터빈 배기덕트 암모니아 분사방식이 HRSG 중압 과열기 후단 분사방식에 비해 소비량이 1.2배 정도 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 HRSG 수명 30년 운영을 고려한다면 HRSG 내부에 암모니아 분사장치를 설치할 수 없는 경우 가스터빈 배기덕트에 암모니아 분사장치를 설치하는 것이 추천된다.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.85-88
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• 2002

In order to visually analyze the flow characteristics, gas was injected into the liquid bath through nozzle installed at the center of bottom of the bath. When gas was injected into the liquid bath, several flow patterns were observed bubble-liquid plumb, the spout flow that occurred at the free surface, liquid circulation flow by bubble's behavior, etc. Various bubbles, from small bubbles to Taylor bubbles, consisted of the bubble-liquid plumb. In the pure liquid region, the large and small several vortices were formed and irregularly circulated. These irregular repetition and circulation play a important role of mixing in the bath. The vortices were developed in the upper and the side wall regions and the movement of flow in the low region was very small. It is known as 'dead zone'.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.1481-1498
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• 2013

The SCR (selective catalytic reduction) system is highly-effective technique for NOx reduction from exhaust gases. In this study, the effects of the direction and size of nozzle and the ammonia injection concentration on the performance of SCR system are analyzed by using the computational fluid dynamics method. When the nozzle is arranged in zigzaged direction which is normal to exhausted gas flow, it is shown that the uniformity of gas flow and the NH3/NO molar ratio is improved remarkably. With the change of the ammonia injection concentration from 0.2 vol%(wet) to 1.0 vol%(wet), the uniformity of gas flow shows a good results. As the size of nozzle diameter changes from 6 mm to 12 mm, the uniformity of gas flow is maintained well. It is shown that the uniformity of the $NH_3/NO$ molar ratio becomes better with decreasing the ammonia injection concentration and the size of nozzle diameter.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.18-24
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• 2012

This study simulated the operation of a steam injected gas turbine combined heat and power (CHP) system. A full off-design analysis was carried out to examine the change in the turbine blade temperature caused by steam injection. The prediction of turbine blade temperature was performed for the operating modes suggested in the previous study where the limitation of compressor surge margin reduction was analyzed in the steam injected gas turbine. It was found that both the fully injected and partially injected operations suggested in the previous study would cause the blade temperature to exceed that of the pure CHP operation and the under-firing operation would provide too low blade temperature. An optimal operation was proposed where both the turbine inlet temperature and the injection amount were modulated to keep both the reference turbine blade temperature and the minimum compressor surge margin. The modulation was intended to maintain a stable compressor operation and turbine life. It was shown that the optimal operation would provide a larger power output than the under-firing operation and a higher efficiency than the original partially injected operation.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2012년도 제45회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.287-289
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• 2012

The research and development history of the gas turbine combustor in Korea is introduced briefly. It is very important to understand the fuel spray, mixing phenomena in achieving combustion performance. In this paper, two kinds of fuel injection system such as duplex fuel injector and rotary spray system are introduced in developing gas turbine combustor in Korea. The extensive experimental research of fuel spray, ignition, performance and endurance rig test makes gas turbine combustor successfully in Korea.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.96-103
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• 2021

In order to improve the overall efficiency and meet the emission regulations of boiler systems, the heat exchanging methods between inlet air and exhaust gas have been used in boiler systems, named as the waste-heat-recovery condensing boiler. Recently, to further improve the overall efficiency and to reduce the NOx emission simultaneously, the concept of the water injection into the inlet air is introduced. This study suggests the models for the optimized design parameters of water injection for waste-heat-recovery condensing boilers and performs the analysis regarding the water injection amount and droplet sizes for the optimized water injection. At first, the required amount of the water injection was estimated based on the 1^st law of thermodynamics under the assumption of complete evaporation of the injected water. The result showed that the higher the inlet air and exhaust gas temperature into the heat exchanger, the larger the amount of injected water is needed. Then two droplet evaporation models were proposed to analyze the required droplet size of water injection for full evaporation of injected water: one is the evaporation model of droplet in the inlet air and the other is that on the wall of heat exchanger. Based on the results of two models, the maximum allowable droplet sizes of water injection were estimated in various boiler operating conditions with respect to the residence time of the inlet air in the heat exchanger.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.374-380
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• 2011

니켈촉매 막을 증착시킨 산화규산 기판위에 아세틸렌기체와 수소기체를 원료로 육불화황기체를 첨가기체로 탄소코일을 증착하였다. 육불화황이 투입되는 단계에 따라 성장된 탄소코일의 특성(형성 밀도, 형상)을 조사하였다. 육불화황을 연속적으로 주입하였을 경우 선형, 마이크로크기 코일, 나노크기 코일, 그리고 파동형 나노크기 코일 등 다양한 형태의 탄소코일들이 성장하였다. 하지만, 탄소코일 초기 증착단계에서 1분정도의 짧은시간 동안 육불화황을 주입한 경우 나노크기의 탄소코일 형상만을 대부분 얻을 수 있었다. 탄소코일 합성반응시간이 1분 정도 지체된 후의 단계에서 짧은시간 동안의 육불화황 주입은 코일형상 제어를 저해하였다. 따라서, 육불화황의 주입 시간과 주입단계가 탄소 코일의 형상을 결정하는 중요한 요인임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.641-646
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• 2004

Noise and vibration was encountered in exhaust duct system which is connected with a gas turbine and a heat recovery steam generator(HRSG) of a cogeneration power plants. Especially, these problems occurred when water was added to the fuel injection to reduce NOx contents of the exhaust gas. Through the cavity mode analysis and measurements, It was concluded that these problems occurred due to the acoustic resonance between the duct cavity mode and the excitation force induced by turbulent gas flow during water injection. To reduce the noise and vibration, optimal baffle plate to change the cavity mode was installed inside of duct and noise levels of about 8 dB(A) are reduced in duct system. The effects of baffle plate and guide vane to the HRSG or inlet duct vibration were also evaluated and it was verified that there is no relation to the resonance phenomena. So, vibration of inlet duct was easily reduced by the reinforcement of structures.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.9-18
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• 1995

The substitution of conventional fuel oil by alternative fuels is of immense interest due to liquid oil shortage and requirements of emission control standard. Among the alternative fuels, natural gas may be the most rational fuel, because of its widespread resource and clean est burning. Meanwhile, engine simulation is of great importance in engine development. Hence a zero-dimensional combustion model was developed for dual-fuel system. Natural gas was injected directly into the cylinder and small amount of distillate was used to provide the ignition kernel for natural gas burning. The intake air and exhaust gas flow was modeled by filling and emptying method. Although the single zone approach has an inherent limitation, the model showed promise as a predictive tool for engine performance. Its simulation was also made to see how the engine performance was influenced by the fuel injection timings and amount of each fuel.