• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.125-128
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• 2016

The chemical compositions of the essential oil extracted from Albizziae julibrissin barks were analyzed by Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry spectrometry. Fourteen components were identified, representing 89.23 % of the total oil composition. The analysis of the essential oil revealed that the essential oil contains 14 compounds, accounting for 89.23 % of the total oil. Hexanoic acid was the principal component (41.43 %) of the essential oil, followed by 4,4,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-2-en-1-ol (11.16 %), palmitic acid (9.00 %), 2-pentylfuran (5.66 %), 2-butyl-2-octenal (4.12 %), linoleic acid (3.10%), amyl hexanoate (3.01%), (E,E)-2,4-decadienal (2.49 %), 2-hexylthiophene (2.47 %), caprylic acid (2.13 %), ${\delta}-undecalactone$ (1.52 %), heptanoic acid (1.27 %), 3,5-octadien-2-ol (0.99 %), and 2-octenal (0.88 %). The acaricidal activity of the A. julibrissin oil was tested against Dermatophagoides farina, D. pteronyssinus and Tyrophagus putrescentiae by the fumigant bioassay. Based on the $LD_{50}$ values, the essential oil exhibited strong acaricidal activities against D. farinae ($LD_{50}$, $4.88{\mu}g/cm^3$), D. pteronyssinus ($2.44{\mu}g/cm^3$), and T. putrescentiae ($1.22{\mu}g/cm^3$). These results indicate that A. julibrissin oil could be a source of acaricidal agents for mite control.

• 분석과학
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.325-332
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• 2003

고분해능질량분석기를 이용한 동위원소희석법으로 식품 중 co-planar PCBs의 분석을 시도하였다. 시료를 균질화하여 추출 후 실리카겔 및 알루미나 컬럼으로 정제를 하여 HRGC/HRMS로 분리능 10,000에서 분석하였다. 대상물질은 세계보건기구인 WHO에서 다이옥신류와 유사한 독성이 있다고 평가한 non-ortho co-planar PCB #77, #81, #126 및 #169 4종 및 mono-ortho coplanar PCBs #105, #114, #118, #123, #156, #157, #167 및 #189 8종을 포함한 12종 이었다. 대상시료는 시중에 유통 중인 우유 및 유제품을 선택하였다. 분석 결과 평균 회수율은 83~106%이었고 검출한계는 신호대잡음비 (signal/noise, S/N) >3에서 0.1 pg/g이었으며 식품시료 중 검출된 대상물질은 0.001~0.107 pgWHO-TEQ/g 수준이었다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.413-423
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• 2020

Background: Ginseng berries (GBs) show temporal metabolic variations among different maturation stages, determining their organoleptic and functional properties. Methods: We analyzed metabolic variations concomitant to five different maturation stages of GBs including immature green (IG), mature green (MG), partially red (PR), fully red (FR), and overmature red (OR) using mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomic profiling and multivariate analyses. Results: The partial least squares discriminant analysis score plot based on gas chromatography-MS datasets highlighted metabolic disparity between preharvest (IG and MG) and harvest/postharvest (PR, FR, and OR) GB extracts along PLS1 (34.9%) with MG distinctly segregated across PLS2 (18.2%). Forty-three significantly discriminant primary metabolites were identified encompassing five developmental stages (variable importance in projection > 1.0, p < 0.05). Among them, most amino acids, organic acids, 5-C sugars, ethanolamines, purines, and palmitic acid were detected in preharvest GB extracts, whereas 6-C sugars, phenolic acid, and oleamide levels were distinctly higher during later maturation stages. Similarly, the partial least squares discriminant analysis based on liquid chromatography-MS datasets displayed preharvest and harvest/postharvest stages clustered across PLS1 (11.1 %); however, MG and PR were separated from IG, FR, and OR along PLS2 (5.6 %). Overall, 24 secondary metabolites were observed significantly discriminant (variable importance in projection > 1.0, p < 0.05), with most displaying higher relative abundance during preharvest stages excluding ginsenosides Rg1 and Re. Furthermore, we observed strong positive correlations between total flavonoid and phenolic metabolite contents in GB extracts and antioxidant activity. Conclusion: Comprehending the dynamic metabolic variations associated with GB maturation stages rationalize their optimal harvest time per se the related agroeconomic traits.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.191-202
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• 2017

Chemical compounds from four different tissues of the kenaf plant (Hibiscus cannabinus), a valuable medicinal crop originating from Africa, were examined to determine its potential for use as a new drug material. Leaves, bark, flowers, and seeds were harvested to identify phytochemical compounds and measure antioxidant activities. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry analyses identified 22 different phytocompounds in hexane extracts of the different parts of the kenaf plant. The most abundant volatile compounds were E-phytol (32.4%), linolenic acid (47.3%), trisiloxane-1,1,1,5,5,5-hexamethyl-3,3-bis[(trimethylsilyl)oxy] (16.4%), and linoleic acid (46.4%) in leaves, bark, flowers, and seeds, respectively. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography identified the major compounds in the different parts of the kenaf plant as kaemperitrin, caffeic acid, myricetin glycoside, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid in leaves, bark, flowers, and seeds, respectively. Water extracts of flowers, leaves, and seeds exhibited the greatest DPPH radical scavenging activity and SOD activity. Our analyses suggest that water is the optimal solvent, as it extracted the greatest quantity of functional compounds with the highest levels of antioxidant activity. These results provide valuable information for the development of environmentally friendly natural products for the pharmaceutical industry.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.192-197
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• 1999

해양세균 Pseudomonas sp. CHCS-2는 배양과정 중에 포도당 첨가에 의해 생물유화제의생산이 증가되었으며, 196시간 배양시 원유에 포함되어 있는 paraffine계 탄화수소 중에서 $_nC_{12}~_nC_{22}$까지 범위의 carbonchain이 거의 대부분 분해됨을 알 수 있었다. chloroform : metahnol = 1 : 1(V/V)로 추출하여 얻은 8.5g/L의 crude 생물 유화제를, Amberlite XAD-7, Sepharose CL-4B, DEAE-sepharose CL-6B 수지를 사용하여 정제한 결과 최종적으로 0.21g/L의 정제된 생물유화제를 얻었다. 본 균주가 생산하는 생물유화제는 단백질과 octadecanoic acid가 결합된 분자량이 약 67kDa인 lipoprotein으로 확인되었으며, 정재된 생물유화제중 단백질성분만을 분리하여 N-말단 아미노산배열을 분석한 결과, Ser-Val-He-Asn-Thr-Asn-IIe-Thr-X-Met-Ile-Gly-Gin-Gln-의 배열을 가지는 것으로 확인되었다. 이는 기존에 보고된 lipoproten과 다른 형태의 것으로, 본 균주가 생산하는 생물유화제의 경우 구성성분, 분자량 등을 고려해 볼 때 새로운 형태의 lipoprotein 계열 생물유화제로 추정된다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.556-562
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• 2009

본 연구는 TNT 분해능이 우수한 세균인 S. maltophilia OK-5를 이용하여 TNT 함유 폐수인 pink water의 미생물학적 처리 가능성에 대한 연구를 하였다. Pink water에 함유된 TNT 제거를 위해 S. maltophilia OK-5를 교반탱크 반응조에서 배양한 결과 pink water 내에 존재하는 100 mg/L의 TNT를 배양 6일 만에 완전 분해하였다. Hydride-Meisenheimer complex에서 유래하는 진한 적갈색은 배양기간 내에 증가하였으며, 이를 정량적으로 확인하였다. 본 연구에서 pink water에 잔류하는 TNT 뿐만 아니라 2,4-dinitrotoluene, 2,6-dinitrotoluene, 2,4-dinitro-6-hydroxytoluene 등의 대사산물도 HPLC 분석방법으로 측정하였으며, GC-MS를 사용하여 확인하였다. 또한 pink water에서 배양된 S. maltophilia OK-5에서 발현되는 nitroreductase (pnrB)의 유전자 발현 정량을 real time PCR로 측정하였다. 그 결과 배양 5일째 pnrB copy 수가 $10^3$ 이상 증가하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.271-275
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• 2008

콜린은 정상적인 세포벽의 기능, 아세틸콜린의 합성, 지질의 운송, 그리고 매칠기의 공급원으로서 중요한 유기화합물이다. 생물학적인 조직과 식품들 중에 있는 콜린의 분석을 위해 많은 기기분석법들 사용되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 기기분석법들은 고가의 장비를 필요로 하며, 조작이 어렵고, 많은 시간을 필요로 한다. 본 연구에서는 우유 중의 콜린함량을 분석하는데 사용되는 효소측정법을 응용하여 신속하게 소의 혈액과 근육내에 함유된 콜린을 측정할 수 있는 적용기법을 확립하였다. 소의 혈청과 근육에 콜린 표준용액을 spike하여 얻은 표준곡선들은 직선성을 나타내었으며, 0.994 이상의 상관계수를 보였다. 소의 혈청과 근육에서의 회수율은 70.6-85.2%를 보였다. 본 연구를 통하여 확립된 콜린분석법은 생체시료와 식품에 함유된 콜린 함량분석에 용이하게 적용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.192-196
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• 2004

The in vitro effect of bisphenol A (BPA) on ovarian steroidogenesis of the longchin goby (Chasmichthys dolichognathus) was investigated. Oocytes taken during the maturing phase (vitellogenic, fully vitellogenic or germinal vesicle breakdown stage) were incubated with BPA (100 ng/mL) in the presence of exogenous precursor $^{3}H-17\alpha\;hydroxyprogesterone\;(^{3}H-17\alphaOHP).$ Steroids were extracted from the media and the isolated oocytes, and the extracts were separated and identified by thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The identities of the major metabolites were progestogens $[17{\alpha}-hydroxy,20{\alpha}-dihydroprogesterone\;(17{\alpha}20{\alpha}OHP)\;and\;17{\alpha}-hydrxy,20{\beta}-dihydroprogesterone\;(17{\alpha}20{\beta}OHP),$ androgens [androstenedione (A4) and testosterone (T)] and estrogens [estrone $(E_1)\;and\;estradiol-17{\beta}(E_2)].$ BPA treatment inhibited production of estrogens in all the maturing phases and progestogens in the germinal vesicle migrating stage. Percentage yield of estrogens was decreased with increased yield of androgens. In conclusion, BPA had an inhibitory effect on the conversion of $^3H-17\alphaOHP$ to estrogens and progestogens. These results demonstrate that BPA can act either estrogenic or anti-estrogenic effects.

• 환경생물
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2020

A eukaryotic microalga was isolated from seawater in Janghang Harbor, Korea and its morphological, molecular, and physiological characteristics were investigated. Due to its simple morphology, no distinctive characters were found by morphological observation, such as light microscope or scanning/transmission electron microscopy (S/TEM). However, molecular phylogenetic evidence inferred from the concatenated small subunit (SSU) 18S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence data indicated that the isolate belonged to the newly described Micractinium singularis. Furthermore, it was clustered with Antarctic Micractinium strains and it also showed a psychrotolerant property, surviving at temperatures as low as 5℃. However, its optimal growth temperatures range from 15℃ to 25℃, indicating that this microalga is a mesophile. Additionally, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis showed that the isolate was rich in nutritionally important omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis (HPLC) revealed that the high-value antioxidant lutein was biosynthesized as an accessory pigment by this microalga, with glucose as the major monosaccharide. Therefore, in this study, a Korean marine M. singularis species was discovered, characterized, and described. It was subsequently added to the national culture collections.

• 환경생물
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.526-534
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• 2019

Chlorella gloriosa (Chlorellaceae, Trebouxiophyceae) was isolated from seawater off the coast of the Dokdo Islands in Korea. An axenic culture was established using the streak-plate method on f/2 agar media supplemented with antibiotics, allowing identification of the isolate by morphological, molecular, and physiological analyses. The morphological characteristics observed by light and electron microscopy revealed typical morphologies of C. gloriosa species. The molecular phylogenetic inference drawn from the small-subunit 18S rRNA sequence verified that the microalgal strain belongs to C. gloriosa. Additionally, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that the isolate was rich in nutritionally important omega-3 and -6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed that the high-value antioxidants lutein and violaxanthin were biosynthesized as accessory pigments by this microalga, with arabinose, galactose, and glucose as the major monosaccharides. Therefore, in this study, a Korean marine C. gloriosa species was discovered, characterized, and described, and subsequently added to the national culture collection.