• 한국분무공학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.20-27
• /
• 2015

Urea-SCR which is one of the aftertreatment technologies for reducing the NOx emission is widely used. An experimental study was performed to investigate urea decomposition under various thermo-fluid conditions, with different temperatures and velocities of inflow gas, and urea solution quantities. 40 wt. % aqueous urea solutions were used in this study. The inflow gas conditions were similar to the exhaust conditions of a large marine engine. The spray performance of urea solution injector was identical under all experimental conditions. The conversion efficiency of $NH_3$ was larger than that of HNCO under all experimental conditions, unlike for the theoretical thermolysis reaction.

• 한국분무공학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.123-129
• /
• 2014

A diesel spray overall SMD (Sauter mean diameter) in a spray chamber was simulated with CFD by varying the compression ratio in the spray chamber from 18:1 to 100:1. The gas densities of the spray chambers for the compression ratios of 18:1 and 100:1 were 17.97 and $74.8kg/m^3$, respectively. Standard KIVA-3V code was used for the CFD simulation. Various fuel injection patterns such as single injection, pilot injection and split injection were used for the CFD simulation. Fuel injection pressures for the simulated diesel sprays are 90 and 120 MPa. As the compression ratio increases, the CFD simulated SMD was decreased, which was generally in agreement with previous experimental studies.

• 한국분무공학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.171-177
• /
• 2019

This paper describes numerical study of combustion characteristics in CNG(compressed natural gas) DI(direct injection) engine using gaseous sphere injection model. Simulations were conducted using KIVA-3V Release 2 code. Gaseous sphere injection model, which is modified model of liquid fuel injection, was used to simulate the CNG direct injection. Until now, a very fine mesh smaller than the injector nozzle has been required to resolve the gas-jet inflow boundary. However, the gaseous sphere injection model simulates gaseous fuel injection using a coarse mesh. This model injects gaseous spheres as in liquid fuel injection and the gaseous spheres evaporate together without the latent heat of evaporation. Therefore, it does not require a very fine mesh and reduce calculation time. Combustion simulation were performed under various injection timings and injection pressures.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.100-111
• /
• 1994

Observations on the near-nozzle behavior of an unsteady fuel spray through single cylindrical hole nozzle were made by phase Doopler anemometer and microphotographs. At the edge of the spray, droplet velocity peaked during needle opening and closing. Droplet sizes tended to be small on the edge of spray. The near-nozzle spray angle taken from the microphotographs was time-dependent, even though it increased with gas-to-liquid density ratio as expected. The near-nozzle spray angle was the greatest on the initial stage and decreased to a relatively constant value after about one third of the total injection duration regardless of the ambient gas conditions, even in the near-vaccum condition. The wider near-nozzle spray angle in the early stage is due to the flow characteristics inside the nozzle rather than aerodynamic interactions. However, once the spray was established, aerodynamic interactions are essential in the near-nozzle atomization.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.15-26
• /
• 1997

The present study is mainly motivated to numerically simulate the autoignition and combustion process of a diesel spray in RCM and effects of design parameters on combustion and engine performance in the DI diesel engine using EGR. In case of the burning spray in RCM, special emphasis is given to the autoignition process coupled with the fluid mechanics and chemical reaction. Computations are carried out for a wide range of operating condition in terms of temperature, concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide of the intake gas in the DI diesel engine. Numerical results indicate that the mixing process along the edges of spray jet has a crucial role for autoignition and combustion process. Temperature and concentration of O2 and CO2 of intake gas significantly influence the combustion characteristics and engine performance in the diesel/EGR environment.

• 한국분무공학회지
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.18-23
• /
• 2002

An evaporating diesel spray of a common rail lnjector was visualized by LIEF technique. This technique makes it possible to separate the vapor and liquid phase images. The experiment was conducted in a constant volume vessel to make a high temperature and high pressure condition. Three images(vapor and liquid phase images from LIEF and a liquid phase image from Mie scattering) were taken simultaneously in one spray event. The major experimental parameters are the injection pressure and the ambient gas pressure. Also, a relative SMD distribution in a liquid phase was obtained by the ratio of the intensities of the fluorescence and the Mie scattering. The results show that the injection pressure and the ambient gas pressure have a close relation with the spray development and air-fuel muting process.

• 한국분무공학회지
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.24-30
• /
• 2003

This paper presents the characteristics of lifted height and flame length from non-premixed jet flames in highly preheated air to investigate the detail combustion mechanism in the gas turbine or HCCI engine, etc. Special attention was paid to the effect of preheated air temperature, oxygen concentration and fuel injection flow rate on flame length and lifted hight. By using highly preheated air, stable flames were formed even in low oxygen concentration condition. The lifted height increased with decreasing preheated air temperature, where the flame length showed opposed phenomena. The flamelet model, which is thought to have very thin flamelet, is difficult to applicable to the present flame conditions which is formed In low oxygen concentration in highly preheated air.

• 한국분무공학회지
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 2003

Constant volume combustion chamber has been designed to investigate diesel spray characteristics with Common-Rail injection system to realize high pressure injection. In this study, two methods of measurements, Schlieren shadowgraphy and Mie scattering imaging method ate applied experimentally to study spray form and liquid phase zone in high pressure, high temperature conditions. Diesel fuel is injected at the point which ignited mixture gas is completely burned. The effect of injection pressure, injector hole diameter, ambient gas temperature and density are investigated experimentally.

• 한국분말재료학회지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.36-43
• /
• 1995

Rapidly solidified and mechanically alloyed Al-Ti base alloys were prepared by gas atomization and attritor milling separately. The gas atomized and the mechanically alloyed powders were consolidated after preheating at $450^{\circ}C$, and then heat treated isochronally for 1 hour to observe the microstructures and to investigate the mechanical properties. Stable phases of precipitates in the Al-Ti-Si and the Al-Ti-Zr alloys were identified as DO22-$(Al,Si)_3Ti$ and $Do_{23}-Al_3(Ti, Zr)$ each. Among the alloys, the mechanically alloyed Al-l0Ti-2Si alloy showed superior thermal stability and mechanical properties at elevated temperature. The additions of third elements, such as Si and Zr, to Al-Ti alloys seemed to improve the mechnical properties remarkably by stabilizing the microstructure and the precipitate phases in the consolidated alloys.

• 한국분무공학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.55-61
• /
• 2017

This study has investigated the relationship between heat release fluctuations and the flow perturbations in a partially premixed gas turbine combustor using a commercial CFD code. Special focus of the current work is placed on the effect of equivalence ratio on the flame dynamics in a partially-premixed system. As the first step for this combustion dynamics study in the non-perfectly premixed combustor, flame behaviors are modeled and then compared with measured results under both steady and unsteady conditions. The calculated results of the flame transfer function with equivalence ratio fluctuation are found to well capture the main qualitative characteristics of the combustion dynamics for the partially-premixed flames.