• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.892-904
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• 2005

This study was carried out to assess the food habit index of the long-lived elderly who were aged over 85 years living in Ganghwa-gun. A survey was conducted during December 2003. Dietary nutrient intake data was obtained through the 24-hr recall method. The subjects were 96 (32 males, 64 females) aged people and divided into three groups based on food habit index scores. Such as group A: good $16\∼20$, group B: fair $11\∼15$, and group C: poor $5\∼10$. The three groups of the subjects were 90.7 years of age and $21.3\;kg/m^{2}$ of BMI on average. Healthy eating index scores of the subjects were $9.4\%$ in group A, $54.2\%$ in group B and $36.5\%$ in group C. Their level of education were lower and their levels of living standards tended to have been middle and lower of the middle class. The percentage of living together with their families or spouses in all groups were over $60.0\%$ and the rates of the subjects who have responsibility for their meal preparations were also very high in all groups. Most subjects tended not to drink nor smoke, and spend $8\~10$ hours for their sleep. The percent of number of diseases in group A was lower than in groups B and C. Their dietary habits such as taking three meals a day regularly have shown that they have good eating habit in general. There was a positive correlation between the eating behaviors and nutrient intakes. The protein, animal protein, fat, PUFA, vitamin E, vitamin $B_{2}$, niacin, P and K intaks in group A were significantly higher than that of the groups B and C. For group A of good food habits aged had no sufficient intake of Ca and vitamin A than the Korean RDA and long-lived elderly of group C in Ganghwa areas had worse nutrients intakes, especially Ca, vitamin A, vitamin $B_{2}$ and vitamin E. According to this research having a good eating habits could be considered as increasing of the health and nutritional status. (Korean J Community Nutrition 10(6) $892\∼904$, 2005)

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2005

This survey was carried out to obtain the information concerning nutritional status, including factors of food habits and nutrient intake of the long-lived elderly men and women living in Ganghwa-gun. In order to assess the quality of dietary intake among the elderly, a survey was conducted during December 2003 of 103 subjects who were over 85 years of age. Dietary nutrient intake data were obtained through the 24 hr recall method. Chi-square test and t-test were the main data analysis method. Their dietary habits such as three meals a day and a regular meal time have shown that they have generally good eating habits. Average daily calorie intake ($\%$ RDA) was 1233.2 kcal ($68.8\%$) for male and 1215.8 kcal ($75.8\%$) for female which were lower than the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for Koreans. Energy intake of females got closer to RDA than that of male. Protein intake was 49.3 g for male and 46.9 g for female (which was $82.3\%$ RDA for male and $85.1\%$ RDA for female) for elderly person, the proportion of animal protein to total protein intake were $45.2\%$ for male and $39.0\%$ for female. Average CPF ratio of energy intake for both male and female were 68.7 : 16.1 : 15.2 and 69.6 : 15.4 : 15.0. SFA : MUFA : PUFA ratio of the subject was 0.78 : 1.03 : 1.00 for male and 0.64 : 0.92 : 1.00 for female. Calcium intakes for both males and females were 321.3 mg and 377.2 mg. Vitamin A was the nutrient found to be least sufficient. Mean daily intakes of most of the vitamins and minerals for both males and females were lower than RDA except vitamin C and Zn for female, especially $\%$ RDAs of vitamin A, Ca for male and vitamin A for females were less than $50\%$ of RDA. In conclusion, long-lived elderly in Ganghwa areas did not consume enough nutrients quantitatively as well as qualitatively, especially Ca, Fe, vitamin A, vitamin $B_2$ and vitamin E. These results suggest that nutritional guidelines for older Koreans should focus on the maintenance of adequate energy intake. In addition, selection of foods with high protein and calcium, such as dairy food, should be emphasized, particularly in the long-lived elderly.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.56-68
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• 2005

강화도 남단 갯벌의 상부조간대 세 정점에서 퇴적물 시료를 채취하여, 공극수에서 질산염 등 영양염을 분석하였다. 질산염의 공극수내 분포를 단순한 1차원 모델로 분석한 결과, 탈질산화율은 장화리에서 $7.8{\sim}9.4{\times}10^{-7}{\mu}mol{\cdot}cm^{-2}{\cdot}sec^{-1}$, 동막에서 $1.4{\sim}3.6{\times}10^{-7}{\mu}mol{\cdot}cm^{-2}{\cdot}sec^{-1}$로 추정되었다. 이는 타 지역에서 보고된 반응속도와 별 차이가 나지 않는 규모였다. 탈질산화율은 여름철에 낮았으며, 퇴적물 입도가 상대적으로 조립한 장소에서 1.5배 이상 빠르게 나타나서, 입도가 탈질산화 반응물질의 공급속도를 조절하는 중요한 인자 중의 하나로 판단되었다. 탈질산화는 무기질소 성분을 $N_2$로 영구적으로 갯벌의 계 외로 제거함으로써 지화학적 정화능으로 제시될 수 있지만, 열역학적 판단기준으로 보면 계에 대해 정화라는 개념을 부여하는 데에는 문제가 있다고 판단된다. 또한 현재 갯벌이란 용어가 생태환경적 기능이 상이한 염습지, 모래갯벌과 펄갯벌을 통칭하고 있어서 과학적인 분류가 시급한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.149-159
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• 2012

서해안 연안역과 하구역의 유영생물의 종조성 변동을 파악하고, 두 해역간의 생산성을 비교하기 위해서 2010년 3월~12월의 대조기에 하구역인 강화도과 연안역인 장봉도에서 주목망으로 24시간 동안 어획된 유영생물을 수집하였다. 유영생물의 군집구조는 해역별, 월별, 분류군별 양적 차이를 보였으며, 유영생물의 종다양도는 연안역보다 하구역에서 낮았으나, 생산력은 하구역에서 더 높았다. 강화도 주변 하구역에서는 싱어, 가숭어, 황강달이가 연안역에서 보다 많은 양이 빈번히 출현하여 기수종이 우세하였고, 연안역인 장봉도 주변 해역에서는 해양종으로 분류할 수 있는 청멸, 밴댕이, 꽃게가 하구역에서 보다 많은 양이 자주 출현함으로써 유영생물이 서식처에 따라 공간적 분포를 달리함을 확인할 수 있었다. 그라비새우, 밀새우, 풀망둑 등은 연안역과 하구역에서 양적으로나 출현 횟수가 비슷하여 하구와 연안을 왕래하는 종으로 판단된다. 하구 생태계의 건강성을 과학에 근거하여 평가함은 하구의 효율적인 관리를 위해서 정책의 우선순위를 결정하고 관리방향을 설정하는데 유용하게 활용될 것이다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.901-906
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• 2011

완두(Pisum sativum)의 종자 경실도(硬實度, seed hardness)와 관련한 지리적 경향성을 조사하기 위하여, 한반도 남부의 북위 $34^{\circ}26'{\sim}38^{\circ}11'$ 사이에 위치한 10개 지역(춘성, 강화, 포천, 하동, 함안, 금릉, 영양. 보성, 고창, 남원)에서 수집된 지역개체군들을 대상으로 종자 내에 함유된 mannose와 galactose의 정량분석을 실시하였다. 각 지역별 mannose의 함량은 최저 5.962 mg/g (영양)에서 최고 10.351 mg/g (강화)의 범위 내에서 다양하게 나타났다. Galactose의 지역별 함량 역시, 최고 19.314 mg/g (하동)에서 최저 7.050 mg/g (영양)에 이르는 다양한 수치를 보였다. 환경적응과 관련한 생태지표로서 종자의 경실도를 반영하고 있는 mannose와 galactose의 함량비를 산출한 결과, 지역에 따라 0.66~0.94의 값을 나타내었다. Mannose와 galactose의 함량비 서열과 함께 기후형 및 온량지수 등치선 등과 같은 지리적 기후구분에 대응하여 완두의 지역개체군들은 크게 중남부형(남원, 영양, 금릉, 고창), 중부형(춘성, 강화, 포천), 그리고 남부형(함안, 하동) 등 3가지 변이유형으로 구분되었고 이질적인 1개 지역개체군(보성)은 이 같은 유형구분에서 배제하였다. Mannose와 galactose의 함량비에 관한 서열에 있어서는, 선행 연구된 야생종들과 비교하여 역의 방향성을 나타내고 있는데, 이는 재배지역의 자연환경에 더하여, 재배식물로서 지속적으로 노출되어 있는 선발 등 인위적 도태압 또한 완두의 형질분화에 중요하게 작용하고 있는 것으로 판단된다. 이상의 결과들은 완두의 지역개체군들 간에 기후형과 연관된 뚜렷한 형질 분화가 이루어졌음을 시사하고 있으며, 이는 식물의 미진화 현상과 관련한 구체적인 증거의 하나로서, 종생태학적인 의의가 큰 것으로 판단된다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.140-144
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• 2006

사자발쑥의 전초를 80% MeOH 용액으로 추출하고, 얻어진 추출물을 EtOAc, n-BuOH 및 물로 용매 분획 하였다. 이 중 EtOAc 분획과 n-BuOH 분획으로부터 silica gel과 octadecyl silica gel(ODS) column chromatography로 정제하여 4종의 sterol 화합물을 분리하였다. 각 화합물의 화학구조는 NMR, MS 및 IR 등의 스펙트림 데이터를 해석하여, ${\beta}-sitosterol$ (1), dehydroergosterol $5{\alpha},8{\alpha}-epidioxide$ (2), stigmasterol (3), daucosterol (4)으로 동정하였다. 이 화합물들은 사자발쑥에서 처음 분리되었다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.115-128
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• 2016

This study examined the relationship between macrobenthic distribution patterns and environmental factors in salt marsh vegetation in Donggeomdo, Ganghwa on the west coast of Korea. Nine stations were fixed on a transect across the salt marsh vegetation, and field sampling was carried out monthly from July 1997 to June 1998. A total of 38 species of macrobenthos were recorded: each of faunal groups, 13 (34.2%) Arthropoda, 12 (31.6%) Polychaeta, 8 (21.1%) Mollusca, and 5 (13.2%) others. The mean density was $2,659individuals/m^2$, with a mean biomass of $178.6gWWt/m^2$. Mollusca dominated in terms of abundance and biomass, with a mean density of $2,172individuals/m^2$ (81.7%) and a mean biomass of $131.9gWWt/m^2$ (73.9%). The number of species decreased in winter (January-February), while mean density increased in the spring (May-June). The biomass was relatively in Summer and Fall (July-November), than any other season. The number of species was high in pure stands of Suaeda japonica in the lower salt marsh vegetation, and the mean density and biomass were high in mixed halophyte communities in the middle salt marsh vegetation. Two Mollusca, the bivalve Glauconome chinensis and gastropod Assiminea lutea, were dominant. The densities of these two species were high in mixed halophyte communities in the middle salt marsh vegetation. Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (nMDS) showed that the study area could be divided into four groups corresponding to the vertical distribution of tidal levels and halophytes. Spearman's rank correlation revealed that the distribution patterns and community structure of macrobenthos were related to environment variables such as salinity of the substrates, exposure time, and grain size compositions of the sediment in the salt marsh vegetation. Particularly, the distribution and density of some dominant species showed differences along the vertical distributions of halophytes.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제57권6호
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• pp.691-698
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• 2019

The seasonal abundance of hard ticks that transmit severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus was monitored with a collection trap method every April to November during 2015-2018 and with a flagging method every July and August during 2015-2018 in Ganghwa-do (island) of Incheon Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea. This monitoring was performed in a copse, a short grass field, coniferous forest and broad-leaved forest. A total of 17,457 ticks (8,277 larvae, 4,137 nymphs, 3,389 females, and 1,654 males) of the ixodid ticks comprising 3 species (Haemaphysalis longicornis, H. flava, and Ixodes nipponensis) were collected with collection traps. Of the identified ticks, H. longicornis was the most frequently collected ticks (except larval ticks) (94.26%, 8,653/9,180 ticks (nymphs and adults)), followed by H. flava (5.71%, 524/9,180) and Ix. nipponensis (less than 0.04%, 3/9,180). The ticks collected with collecting traps were pooled and assayed for the presence of SFTS virus with negative results. In addition, for monitoring the prevalence of hard ticks, a total of 7,461 ticks (5,529 larvae, 1,272 nymphs, 469 females, and 191 males) of the ixodid ticks comprising 3 species (H. longicornis, H. flava, and Ix. nipponensis) were collected with flagging method. H. longicornis was the highest collected ticks (except larval ticks) (99.53%, 1,908/1,917 ticks (nymphs and adults)), followed by H. flava (1.15%, 22/1,917).

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국문화재보존과학회 2005년도 제21회 발표논문집
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• pp.139-145
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• 2005

• 한국관개배수논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.62-72
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• 2003

Tideland reclamation has been known to begin in 13th century in the eastern coast of Ganghwa Island during the Mongolian Invasion in Korea. Traditionally, the tidal reclamation projects have been developed in the coastal with nearly flat inter-tidal zone