• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.22.1-22.18
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• 2022

Objectives: This systematic review (register-osf.io/wg7ba) compared the efficacy and safety of rotary and reciprocating kinematics in the removal of filling material from curved root canals. Materials and Methods: Only in vitro studies evaluating both kinematics during retreatment were included. A systematic search (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and other databases, until January 2021), data extraction, and risk of bias analysis (Joanna Briggs Institute checklist) were performed. Efficacy in filling removal was the primary outcome. Results: The search resulted in 2,795 studies, of which 15 were included. Efficacy was measured in terms of the remaining filling material and the time required for this. Nine studies evaluated filling material removal, of which 7 found no significant differences between rotary and reciprocating kinematics. Regarding the time for filling removal, 5 studies showed no difference between both kinematics, 2 studies showed faster results with rotary systems, and other 2 showed the opposite. No significant differences were found in apical transportation, centering ability, instrument failure, dentin removed and extruded debris. A low risk of bias was observed. Conclusions: This review suggests that the choice of rotary or reciprocating kinematics does not influence the efficacy of filling removal from curved root canals. Further studies are needed to compare the kinematics safety in curved root canals.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.25-34
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• 2008

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect to the height-growth after the administration of herbal medicine to the prepuberty children Methods : This clinical study has been carried out with 18 children, who visited to the Department of Pediatrics, Dong-eui oriental medical center from January 2005 to August 2008. They had been treated for height-growth with herbal medicine more than 6 months. This study has been carried out by chart-review to see the effectiveness. Height percentile, BMI and GV(Growth Velocity) after medication was compared with the ones before medication. Results : 1. This clinical study has been carried out with 18 children, 12 boys(66.7%) and six girls(23.3%). Their average age was 10.30 years old. 2. Generally total children's average height percentile was increased compared to after medication. Especially eight of them has significantly increasd height percentile(44.4%). 3. Total children's average GV/6months was also increased after medication. Especially ten of them has significantly increasd GV/6months (55.6%). 4. Total children's average BMI also increased (17.01 to 17.85) after medication. Conclusions : Herbal medicine affects to the growth of pre-puberty children.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.53-57
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• 2004

The study was carried out to investigate the effects of morphology, reproductive cycle, incubation time and activation of oocytes on in vitro maturation of cat oocytes and development of IVM/IVF embryos. The results were summarized as follows: 1. When recovered from ovaries collected at different stages of the reproductive cycle (inactive, follicular and luteal stage), the developmental rates of oocytes to GV and MI stage were 72.5% and 27.5%, 57.5% and 7.5%, 62.5% and 17.5%, respectively. 2. The developmental rates of oocytes with cumulus cells to GV and MI stage in different conditions of incubation (5% $CO_2$ , 95% $O_2$ and 10% $CO_2$, 90% $O_2$) were 70.0% and 27.5%, 52.5% and 20.0%, 55.0% and 12.5%, respectively. 3. The developmental rates to GV and MI oocytes when cultured at different time of incubation (17∼20, 21∼24, 25∼28 and 29∼32 h) were 67.5% and 20.0%, 67.5% and 30.0%, 62.5% and 22.5%, 65.0% and 15.0%, respectively. 4. The fertilization and cleavage rates of freshly collected oocytes with and without cumulus cells were 72.5% and 25.0%, 37.5% and 7.5%, respectively. The rates were greater in oocytes with cumulus cells than those without cumulus cells. 5. The fertilization and cleavage rates of oocytes recovered from ovaries collected at different stages of the reproductive cycle (inactive, follicular and luteal stage) were 75.0% and 25.0%, 40.0% and 7.5%, 50.0% and 15.0%, respectively.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.110-122
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• 2005

Background: The basic concept of thermographic interpretation is the thermologic equality of both side in normal person. But both sides diseases were limited diagnostic values by thermographic interpretation, and this interpretation does not apply to the case in thermal temperature of each part of body. Nevertheless, the measurement conditions are not standardized. So, for its clinical applications are extended, we think that the measurement conditions are considered the individual variations. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the optimum conditions thermal temperature of the time period and region are not effected by internal and external variables. Methods: After the subjects took off their clothes, the filming were repeatedly five times made on duration of 5minutes during 20minutes. We selected nine regions around acupoints including Yin dang[印堂, HN1], Sugu[水溝, GV26], Ch’ondol[天突, CV22], Chonjung[CV17], Chung-wan[中脘, CV12], Ch’onch'u[天樞 S25], No-gung[勞宮, P8], and calculated based on the utility of R.O.I.(Region of Integer) in our system these points temperature. We measured the optimal time period and region that has little variation of thermal temperature. Results: The results shows that the optimal time period is 20minutes after undressed, and the optimal region is the region around acupoints including Sugu[水溝, GV26]. Conclusions: we obtained the measurement conditions were considered the individual variations. And also, this study offers basic sources for that the measurement conditions would be standardized. Furthermore, based on this results, we expect that clinical applications using thermography would be extended.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.301-305
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• 2006

The aim of this study was to investigate whether addition of porcine epididymal fluid (pEF) into culture medium during in vitro maturation influences the nuclear maturation of porcine germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes. Porcine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) from follicles were cultured in tissue culture medium 199 (TCM 199) containing pEF. After 48hr of culture, oocytes were examined for evidence of GV breakdown, metaphase I, anaphase-telophase I, and metaphase II. The proportion of oocytes reaching at metaphase II (M II) stage was significantly (p<0.05) increased in oocytes cultured in the media supplemented with 10% pEF during in vitro maturation than in those without pEF regardless of cumulus presence or absence (54.6% vs 22.5%, 51.7% vs 24.2%). The supplementation of pEF during maturation of oocyte enhanced oocytes maturation in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. Also significant differences (p<0.05) in the percentage of MII oocytes were observed according to exposure period in pEF. Present study suggests that pEF contains a enhancing component(s) for nuclear maturation of porcine immature oocytes in vitro.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2005

Objective : This report is written to inform of the 3rd WHO Informal Consultation on Development of International Standard Acupuncture Points Locations, held in Kyoto, Japan, on October 12-14, 2004. Results : Eight experts from China, Japan and Korea, participated in this meeting discussed the locations and the point finding methods of 92 controversial points based on the fundamental principles established through the 1st and 2nd meetings. Through the discussion in this meeting, agreements were made on most of 92 controversial points, but 8 points(LI12, ST31, PC8, PC9, TE18, LR8, GV1, GV26) still need to be researched in the next meetings. Conclusion : A reasonable and practical International Standard of Acupuncture Point Location for acupuncture education, research and practice is expected to be accomplished in the near future.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.263-267
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• 2003

This study was carried out to test the efficacy of pharmacological inhibitors of the cell cycle transition in keeping bovine oocytes at the germinal vesicle(GV) stage and the reversibility of this inhibition. Bovine oocytes were incubated for 22∼24 hrs in the presence of various inhibitors : cycloheximide (2$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$), 6-DMAP (2 mM), and roscovitine (50$\mu$M). Bovine oocytes cultured with any of the inhibitors were significantly blocked at the GV stage. Reversibility of pharmacological inhibitors was assessed by culturing oocytes an additional 22∼24 hours in inhibitor-free medium. Examination of oocytes revealed that the inhibitory effect was fully reversible and effect of resuming meiotic progression on nuclear maturation varied according to the various inhibitors. This study suggests that cycloheximide, 6-DMAP and roscovitine can be applied to control meiotic arrest and resumption in maturation culture of bovine oocytes in vitro. More investigations are needed to better understand how the cell cycle of oocyte is blocked without problems to future developmental competence.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.528-534
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• 2009

The study of germination and seedling growth characteristics of Neem under different soil and environment conditions was undertaken. The seed germination started 8 days after sowing in commercial bed soil, whereas, delayed germination was observed in sandy-loam (15 days) and sandy (19 days) soil. The highest germination (73.33%) was observed in commercial bed soil in green house, whereas, the lowest germination was observed in sandy soil (16.67%) and sandy-loam soil (8.33%). The seeds in the open field (sandy soil) also showed poor (10%) germination. The mean number of germination seed/day (GD) and seed germination vigor rate (GV) both were highest in the commercial bed soil with 0.733% and 16.67% respectively in the green house, whereas sandy and sandy-loam soil in green house and open field (sandy soil) all showed much lower GD and GV values. The seedling characteristics of nursery revealed that the seedling grown in the growth chamber in commercial bed soil was significantly higher in all the parameters comparing to others grown in green house and open field. The growth was nearly 7 fold in the chamber compared to that of the green house nursery observed in three months old seedlings. Likewise, HPLC analysis revealed that the green house grown seedling contain higher quantity of pigments compare to the chamber grown seedlings. Among the soils used the commercial soil alone or in combination with sandy and sandy-loam soil in the ratio of 2:1:1 respectively with the temperature of $27{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ showed better for Neem nursery preparation.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.537-550
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• 1998

Purpose ; This Investigation was aimed to find out the Acupuncture therapy of verbal disturbance after stroke in Oriental Medicine. Methods ; We surveyed the oriental medical books which are from to recent published books that have articles about verbal disturbance. Results ; It is used on Acupuncture points: Yomchon(CV23), Amun(GV15), Chondol(CV22), Tongni(HT5), Pungnyung(ST40), Pungbu(GV16), Crugu(TE6), Yongchon(KI1), Hapkok(LI4), Paekoe(GV20), Kokchi(LI11), Puryu(KI7), Shinsu(BL23), Kumjin-okaek, Chohae(KI6). Conclusions ; The concept of phonation organ in Neiching is same as that of modern physiology. Verbal disturbance includes aphasia, dysarthrosis, aphonia, etc. The acupuncture treatment of verbal disturbance after stroke could be effective. Verbal disturbance of central nervous disease is relative with Sul-um(舌?) and that of periperal nervous disease is relative with Hu-um(侯?) in oriental medicine. From the above research, we could conclude that the acupuncture therapy on verbal disturbance should start from finding out the proper acu-points and theories in ancient oriental books and recent books and we will apply those acu-points and theories in clinic. We also concluded that the more research on clinical part should be performed.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.79-95
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• 2009

Background : Eye diseases refer to a wide range of disconveniences from conjunctivitis, pterygium, glaucoma to even blindness. Acupuncture has been widely used in Korea throughout the history and provides an efficient method in the treatment of them. Objectives : Establish a distinctive and efficient acupuncture method for the treatment of eye diseases based in literature research. Method : We reviewed four Korean medical literature, "Guide to Swollen Sore Treatment[治腫指南]", "Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine[東醫寶鑑]", "Experiential Prescriptions of Acupuncture and Moxibustion[鍼灸經驗方]", and "Essential Rhymes on Acupuncture and Moxibustion by Master Saam[舍岩鍼法]", and analyzed the therapeutic characteristics in the treatment of eye diseases. Result : 1. According to "Guide to Swollen Sore Treatment[治腫指南]", various methods were applied in the treatment of eye diseases. We can cite salt water washing method after needling, pricking bloodletting method using three-edged needle, surgery method using bent needle and lance needle, or sore treatment using sliced bean-curd and ground Aristolochiae Fructus among others. Acupuncture points like GV20[百會], BL1[睛明], EX-HN5[太陽], GB20[風池], GV24[神庭], GB1[瞳子髎], and GB15[臨泣] were mostly needled. 2. In "Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine[東醫寶鑑]", pricking bloodletting method were most frequently used in comparison to single acupuncture or moxibustion methods. Applied points were GV20[百會], BL1[睛明], LI4[合谷], EX-HN5[太陽], GB37[光明], BL18[肝兪], GB20[風池], BL2[攢竹], GB1[瞳子髎], and ST36[三里]. Also selections of adjacent points were considered important. 3. In respect to treatment methods "Experiential Prescriptions of Acupuncture and Moxibustion [鍼灸經驗方]" has some similarity to "Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine[東醫寶鑑]" as pricking bloodletting method were mostly used. Also focused on normal Qi flow through meridian. Points like BL18[肝兪], BL1[睛明], LU5[尺澤], EX-HN5[太陽], LI4[合谷] were used. 4. "Essential Rhymes on Acupuncture and Moxibustion by Master Saam[校勘舍岩道人鍼法]" considered visceral pattern identification method fundamental in the diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases. Specifically, Liver, Heart, Stomach, Lung, Kidney identification methods are presented. Combined both corresponding and connecting meridians supplementation and draining methods according to mother-child relation. Also Saam master's own experiential prescriptions are noted. Conclusions : After previous study on stroke, we could also find various efficient methods according to eye diseases, through literature research of korean medical classics. This study will concurrently result in establishing distinctive therapeutic method characteristic of Korea.