• 제목/요약/키워드: GPT2

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Balb/c 마우스에서 초과 추출물의 3주간 반복 경구투여 독성평가 (Evaluation of 3-week Repeated Dose Oral Toxicity on Amomum tsao-ko Extract in Balb/c Mice)

  • 박주형;조영락;고혜진;정원식;안은경;오준호;오좌섭
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제58권2호
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    • pp.139-143
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    • 2015
  • 본 연구는 다양한 효능을 지닌 초과(Amomum tsao-ko Crevost et Lemaire)의 안전한 이용을 위한 독성평가로 식품의약품안전처 고시 제2014-6호 '의약품등의 독성시험기준'에 맞는 독성시험법에 따라 Balb/c mouse를 이용하여 3주간 반복경구투여를 통해 초과의 안전성을 확인하고자 하였다. 3주간 반복 경구투여 후 체중, 장기중량 측정, 혈액분석 및 혈액생화학 검사를 실시하여 안전성을 확인 한 결과, 초과에 의한 특별한 증상이나 체중, 장기중량의 변화는 관찰되지 않았으며, 복대동맥으로부터 채혈한 혈액을 통한 혈구분석결과에서도 대조군과 초과 추출물 투여군 간의 통계적인 유의성을 관찰 할 수 없었다. 또한 혈청을 이용하여 간기능(GOT, GPT, LDH, ALB, TP-S, T-BIL, D-BIL), 신장기능(BUN, CRE), 지질영양 관련(TG), 전해질 관련(I.P) 지표들의 생화학분석을 수행한 결과, 대조군과 유사하게 모두 정상 범위 내의 결과를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과를 통하여 초과 추출물의 최대무독성용량은 최고 투여량인 2000 mg/kg 이상으로 판단되며, 본 연구결과는 초과의 기능성 식품, 화장품, 의약품 등 다양한 소재로서의 활용에 안전성 관련 기초자료로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

EFFECTS OF ACTIVATED CARBON ON GROWTH, RUMINAL CHARACTERISTICS, BLOOD PROFILES AND FEED DIGESTIBILITY IN SHEEP

  • Garillo, E.P.;Pradhan, R.;Tobioka, H.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.43-50
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    • 1995
  • This study was carried out to investigate the effects of activated carbon (AC) on growth, ruminal charateristics, blood profiles and feed digestibility in sheep, using roughage-based or concentrate-based diets. Twelve Suffolk breed of sheep of similar age and weight were distributed into 4 groups in a $2{\times}2$ factorial design. Two groups were fed a roughage-based diet with (R + AC) and without AC (R - AC), while the other two were fed a concentrate-based diet with (C + AC) and without AC (C - AC), respectively. The addition of 0.3% AC was based on dry matter of feed offered to animals. The incorporation of AC in roughage and concentrate based diets had no marked effects on feed intake, daily gain and feed conversion of the animals within experimental diets. The results obtained might be due to the low level of AC added in the diet. The animal on both concentrate-based diets were higher than the roughage-based diets in terms of daily gain and feed conversion ratio. However, it was observed that the animals provided with AC in the concentrate-based diet did not suffer from diarrhea and easily adjusted to high concentrate feeding. Further, the pH value for all diets before feeding was noted to be similar. After feeding, however, pH was shown to be higher in R + AC (p < 0.05) than in C + AC diet. Rumen protozoa number was decreased after feeding for both + AC diets, but in C - AC diet it was higher than in the roughage-based diets. For ammonia-nitrogen, C - AC was found to be higher than C + AC diet and the roughage-based diets before feeding. Total volatile fatty acid concentration, propionate and valerate molar ratios for both diets and time of collection were not affected. However, acetate, butyrate and valerate molar ratios were observed to be affected by diets and time of collections. The diets with AC increased (p < 0.05) before feeding for acetate molar ratio, but not different within diet, however, the roughage diets were found to be higher (p < 0.05) in acetate than the concentrate diet. In the blood parameters, the glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), red and white blood cell (RBC, WBC) counts and packed cell volume (PCV) did not differ within and among the diets. Likewise, the WBC differential count in both diets with either - AC or + AC were similar in trend. However, lymphocyte count was noted to be increased in R + AC than the R - AC diet. The addition of AC in both diets did not affect nutrient digestibilities within diets.

병원에서의 산업보건관리

  • 전경자
    • 한국직업건강간호학회지
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    • 제2권호
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    • pp.40-51
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    • 1992
  • 본 연구는 병원에서의 산업보건관리 실태를 파악하기 위하여 전국에 있는 병원을 대상으로 1992년 12월 1일부터 1993년 1월 23일까지 설문조사를 설시하였다. 설문조사에 응당한 병원은 41개병원으로 회수율은 51.9%였다. 조사에 이용된 설문지는 산업안전보건법 내용을 기초로 하여 본 연구자가 작성한 것이며 안전보전에 관한 제반 규정, 안전보건관리체계, 근로자건강관리, 작업환경관리, 보건교육, 보건관련시설, 질병 및 상해에 대한 보상 등에 관한 45개문항으로 구성되어 있다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전체 병원 중 68.3%가 안전보건관리 규정이 있다고 답하였으며, 77.5%의 병원이 단체협약 중 근로자의 안전과 보건에 관한 조항을 포함시키고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 단체협약에 포함된 내용 중에는 정기건강진단(23.7%)과 질병 및 상해에 대한 보상(20.9%), 안전보건위원회의 구성(18.1%)등이 많았다. 둘째, 대상 병원중 66.7%가 안전보건관리책임자, 관리감독자, 안전담당자를 두고 있는 것으로 나타났고, 근로자수가 1,000명 이상인 병원은 83.3%가 이들 인력을 선임하고 있다. 그러나, 보건관리자와 안전관리자를 전담으로 두고 있는 경우는 한 곳도 없었으며 50%이내에서 겸직으로 선임하고 있었다. 또한, 안전보건위원회를 운영하고 있거나 노사협의회로 이를 대치하고 있는 병원은 54.2%로 절반 수준에 머물렀고, 그나마 정기적으로 운영을 하고 있다고 답한 병원은 3개 병원 밖에 되지 않았다. 세째, 근로자 건강관리를 위한 건강진단 실시 현황을 보면, 채용시검진 97.6%, 일반건강진단 100.0%, 특수 건강진단 24.4%가 실시하고 있었다. 건강진단에서 주로 실시하고 있는 항목은 흉부 X선검사, 시력, 혈압, 혈청GOT/GPT, 체중, 신장등이었다. 그러나, 병원에서 감염될 수 있는 기회가 높은 간염항원/항체검사의 실시율은 85.7%로 아직도 실시하지 않는 병원이 있음을 알 수 있다. 네째, 작업환경관리를 위하여 정기적으로 환경측정을 실시하는 병원은 21.6%였고 주로 측정하는 항목은 방사선이었다. 특히 소음, 조명, 분진에 대한 측정이 이루어지지 않음은 근로자뿐아니라 환자의 안위에도부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 다섯째, 안전한 작업과 근로자의 건강을 위하여 정기적인 보건교육을 설시하고 있는 병원은 불과 5.6%였다. 교육내용은 주로 안전에 관한 것이었다. 여섯째, 근로자의 일상적인 건강문제를 해결해주는 의무실을 독립적으로 마련하고 있는 병원은 한 곳도 없었고, 교대근무자나 당직자를 위한 수면시설은 44.7%, 작업 후에 사용할 수 있는 샤워시설은 35.1%의 병원이 마련하고 있었다. 일곱째, 근무중 다치거나 병에 걸렸을 때 치료비에 대한 부담은 대체로 병원이 하고 있으며 치료기간 중 근무는 병가나 휴직으로 처리되고 있다. 이는 병원이 산재보상보험법에 적용을 받지 않은 사업으로 분류되어 있는 현실에 기인된 것으로 보상과 관련된 부담을 병원이나 근로자 모두가 안게 되는 결과를 초래하게 되는 것이다. 이상에서 볼 때 병원근로자를 위한 산업보건관리는 주로 건강진단과 질병 및 상해에 대한 보상제도가 이루어지고 있는 실정이다. 그러므로 질병의 예방이나 악화방지 나아가 건강증진을 도모하기 위한 지속적인 노력을 기울이고 있는 병원은 전무한 상태임을 알 수 있다. 이러한 현실을 병원근로자를 위한 산업보건관리에 대한 인식이 전반적으로 부족함을 드러내는 것으로 이를 개선하기 위한 보다 적극적인 노력이 시급히 요청되고 있다.

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육미지황탕가미방(六味地黃湯加味方)이 streptozotocin으로 유발(誘發)된 백서(白鼠)의 실험적(實驗的) 탕뇨(糖尿)에 미치는 영향(影響) (The effects of Yukmijiwhangtangkamibang on diabetic rat induced by streptozotocin)

  • 주재홍;김동우
    • 대한한의학방제학회지
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.33-44
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    • 2006
  • Objective : The objective of this study is to observe the effect of Yukmijiwhangtangkamibang(YukmD with Liriopis Tuber, Amomi Fructus, Citri Pericarpium, Zizyphi Spinosae Semen, Drynariae Rhizoma Ephedrae Herba, Ginseng Radix, Phellodendri Cortex, on the experimental diabetes. Methods : In order to induce diabetes experimentally, injected streptozoticin to the vein in the tail of rats and then treated oral administration of Yukmi water extracts. In the measurement of the variation levels of glucose, ALP, creatinine, and BUN concentration for each concentration levels for serum (382.5mg/l00g, 510.0mg/100g, 637.5mg/100g), concentration level of glucose significantly decreased in 510.0mg/l00g concentration level of Yukmi. With this 510.0mg/100g concentration level of Yukmijiwhangtanggamibang, the following conclusion was derived from the measurement of the serum levels of glucose, ALP, GOT, GPT, creatinine, and BUN concentration for the streptozotocin injection date of each 4th, 11th, and 18th day. Results : 1. In the measurement for each concentrations. the glucose concentration level in the serum significantly decreased on the 9th day in the Yukmi group. 2. In the measurement for each concentrations, the creatinine concentration level in the serum significantly decreased on the 9th day in the Yukmi group. 3. In the measurement for each dosage dates, the glucose concentration level in the serum significantly decreased on the 18th day in the Yukmi group to which 510.0mg/l00g administrated. 4. In the measurement for each dosage dates, the got concentration level in the serum significantly decreased on the 18th day in the Yukmi group to which 510.0mg/100g administrated. 5. In the measurement for each dosage dates, the creatinine concentration level in the serum significantly decreased on the 18th day in the Yukmi group to which 510.0mg/l00g administrated. Conclusion : Yukmi that is Yukmijiwhangtang with Liriopis Tuber, Amoni Fructus, Citri Pericarpium, Zizyphi Spinosae Semen, Drynariae Rhizoma, Ephedrae Herba, Ginseng Radix and Phellodendri Cortex, is known to have effects to lessen the damages on renal function and liver function without causing damages on liver and kidney.

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솔잎즙의 투여가 고지방식이를 급여한 흰쥐의 혈청 지질성분과 간의 항산화계에 미치는 영향 (Effects of the pine needle sap administration on serum lipid composition and liver antioxidant defense system in rats fed high fat diet)

  • 원향례
    • 한국농촌생활과학회지
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.71-77
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    • 1999
  • This study examined the effect of the pine needle sap administration on serum lipid composition and liver antioxidant defense system in rats fed with high fat diet. Forty eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups. three control groups were fed with 5% lipid diet and three high fat groups were fed with 30% lipid diet. Each group was administered with the following pine needle sap respectively : C-0.0, 1.ml water, C-0.5, 0.ml pine needle sap and 0.ml water C-1.0, 1.ml pine needle sap : H-0.0, 1.ml water, H-0.5, 0.ml pine needle sap and 0.ml water H-1.0, 1.0ml pinus needle sap. After 4 weeks of experimental periods the level of serum obtained and serum lipid was measured respectively. The results were as follows 1. Significant low level was observed for food intake, weight gain, FER in the experimental group administered with the pine needle sap. 2. No difference of the concentration of serum triglyceride was observed out the experimental group with 5% fat diet, however out of the experimental group with 30% fat diet it was low in (H-1.0) group where 1.0ml of the pine needle sap was administrated. 3. In the experimental group with 5% fat diet the concentration of serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol was low, especially the hypocholesteromic effect in serum administered by the pine needle sap was significantly high in group C-1.0 where 1.0ml of pine needle sap was administered. In the high fat group provided with 30% fat when the pine needle sap was administered there was a tendency that concentration of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol decreased however there was no difference significantly. 4. Serum GOT activity was relatively high in high fat diet group. However, when 1$m\ell$ of pine needle sap was administered the activity was lower than that of the control group in H-1.0 group and the activity level was similar with that of the high fat diet group in c-1.0 group. There was no difference of serum GPT activitives followed by the administered of pine needle sap among the experimental group. 5. Liver TBARS levels were high in general in high fat diet group, however it showed no difference when the pine needle sap with different concentration level was administered. The results of this study indicate that the pine needle sap administration was effective in decreasing the food intake and weight gain of the experimental animals in the high fat diet and also effective in decreasing the levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol and GOT activities. However it was not effective to change the level of TBARS and GSH -Px activities of liver. Thus, it was found that the pine needle sap administration was effective for the improvement of serum lipid composition condition of the experimental animals in the high fat diet group but it was not effective in the antioxidant defense system of liver.

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녹양보탕의 항피로 및 항산화작용 (Anti-fatigue and Hepatoprotective Activities of Nokyangbotang)

  • 김창종;김현준;이윤혜;이연아;이정근;문성원;박진형;장용운;조중형
    • 약학회지
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    • 제44권3호
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    • pp.224-231
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    • 2000
  • $Nokyangbotang^{TM}$ (NYBT) is a kind of powerful food for health and have been drunk at a oral dose of 80 ml (99.5 mg) three times per day: It has not been well studied about the anti-fatigue and hepatoprotective activity. In this experiments, we evaluated pathophysiologically the effect of NYBT on swimming time in mouse and hepatoprotective activity in rats intoxicated with carbon-tetrachloride. NYBT was nontoxic in orally acute toxicity test ($LD_{50}$, 320 ml/60 kg): a nontoxic food in more four times of one-shoot dosage (80 ml) to human. Weight-loaded forced swimming test was carried out to measure the swimming time of mice with a 4% load of body weight in plastic cylinder (diameter $10{\;}cm{\;}{\times}{\;}height{\;}20{\;}cm$) on water bath at $25^{\circ}C$, and the anti-fatigue activity represented the ratio of swimming time of experimental group to that of control group. NYBT had dose-dependent anti-fatigue activity Mice administered NYBT at a dose of 320 ml/60 kg once daily for 5 days could swim about two times more than control. Hepatoprotective activities of NYBT were examined by the determination of malonedialdehyde (MDA) and pathological survey in liver and liver function test of rat intoxicated with $CCl_4$ at i.m. dose of 2 ml/kg once daily for 7days. NYBT decreased dose-dependently thiobarbituric acid reactive substance: Oral administration of NYBT at a dose of 20 ml/60 kg was $38.51{\;}{\pm}{\;}3.02$ nmol MDA/g of tissue, that of 80 ml/60 kg was $33.76{\;}{\pm}{\;} 1.84$ nmol MDA/g of tissue, and that of 320 ml/60 kg was $32.87{\;}{\pm}{\;}1.90$ nmol MDA/g of tissue as compared with control group ($43.61{\;}{\pm}{\;}2.85$ nmol MDA/g of tissue). All rats administered NYBT at a dose of 320 ml/60 kg were survival as compared with 40% survival of control animals, and GPT activity of rats administered NYBT at a dose of 80 ml/60 kg was decreased as compared with control. In histopathological survey, NYBT improved slightly the fatty changes of hepatocytes around centrilobular area. These results suggest that NYBT has anti-fatigue and hepatoprotective activity in rats and mice.

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고지방식이 수컷 마우스 비만모델에서 micro-CT를 이용한 마황(麻黃)과 마우(魔芋)의 복부비만 조절효과 (Herba Ephedrae and Rhizoma Amorphophalli modulates visceral obesity in micro-CT of high fat induced obese male mice)

  • 원찬욱;정양삼;윤기현;이희영;윤미정;김보경;박선동;신순식
    • 대한한의학방제학회지
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.205-217
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    • 2008
  • Objectives : We investigated the effects of Herba Ephedrae and Rhizoma Amorphophalli on high fat diet induced obese male mice. Methods : 8 weeks old, high fat diet induced obese male mice were divided into 5 groups: C57BL/6 normal control, obese vehicle control, GGEx55 (Herba Ephedrae), GGEx61 (Rhizoma Amorphophalli), GGEx62 (Herba Ephedrae + Rhizoma Amorphophalli). After mice were treated with GGEx for 8 weeks, we measured body weight gain, food intake, feeding efficiency ratio, rectal temperature, fat weight, plasma leptin and lipid levels. We also took micro-computerized axial tomography (micro-CT) on the mice. Results : 1. GGEx55 and GGEx62 groups significantly decreased body weight gain and feeding efficiency ratio compared with vehicle control. But they significantly increased rectal temperature. 2. Plasma total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were significantly increased by GGEx55 groups, whereas were significantly decreased by GGEx62 groups compared with vehicle control. 3. GGEx55 and GGEx62 groups significantly decreased total, subcutaneous and visceral fat as well as fat areas in micro-CT analysis of abdomen compared with vehicle control. 4. Plasma GOT and GPT concentrations were significantly increased by GGEx55 groups compared with vehicle control. Conclusions : These results demonstrate that GGEx55 and GGEx62 effectively reduces body weight gain, feeding efficiency ratio in high fat diet induced obese mice, leading to the modulation of obesity. In addition, GGEx55 and GGEx62 decreases visceral adipose tissue mass and improves plasma lipids, suggesting that GGEx55 and GGEx62 may act as a therapeutic agent for obesity.

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김치로부터 분리한 Lactobacillus acidophilus C로 발효한 홍삼 및 복분자 발효물의 비만예방 효과 (The Effect of Red Ginseng and Black Raspberry fermented by Lactobacillus acidophilus C in High Fat Diet-fed Mice)

  • 문혜정;이주희;이상천;이창현;최경민;차정단;황승미;고은실;이민정;장지은;최혜란;박종혁
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제33권2호
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    • pp.159-166
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    • 2015
  • 본 연구에서는 한국의 전통발효식품인 김치로부터 L. acidophilus를 분리 동정하고, 이 균주를 이용하여 홍삼과 복분자 미숙과를 발효시킨 조성물을 동물모델을 이용하여 항비만효과를 검토하였다. 고지방식이를 섭취시킨 C57BL/6J 마우스에 L. acidophilus C 및 홍삼 농축액과 복분자 미숙과 분말을 발효시킨 혼합발효 복합물을 6주간 투여한 결과, 혼합발효 복합물을 투여한 군에서 체중증가량, 부고환 및 신장 주위 지방의 무게, 지방세포 크기와 간조직 내 지질 축적, 혈중 포도당 농도, 혈중GOT와GPT 농도및렙틴농도를감소시켰으며, HDL-콜레스테롤과 아디포넥틴의 농도를 증가시키는 경향을 나타낸 것으로 보아, L. acidophilus C를 단독투여한 실험군에 비하여 비만을 개선시키는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 혼합발효 복합물은 비만개선용 식품소재로서의 가능성이 있을 것으로 기대되어지며, 추후에 혼합발효 복합물의 비만 개선 메커니즘을 규명하기 위한 연구가 더 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

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공급 사료에 따른 강도다리 (Platichthys stellatus)의 성장과 혈액성분의 변화 (Growth Performance and Blood Chemistry of Starry Flounder Platichthys stellatus Fed Extruded and Moist Pellet)

  • 박성덕;김재원;김병기;전중균
    • 환경생물
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    • 제34권3호
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    • pp.133-140
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    • 2016
  • 본 연구는 EP사료와 MP사료를 공급한 강도다리의 성장과 혈액성분의 변화 조사를 통해 강도다리 양식에 대한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 수행되었다. 실험 개시 전과 종료 후에 강도다리의 무안측 생체무늬를 사진 촬영하여 개체 인식 가능성을 확인한 바, 생체 무늬의 큰 변화가 관찰되지 않아 향후 강도다리를 비롯한 넙치류에서의 개체 인식 수단으로 활용 가능할 것으로 여겨진다. 증중량과 일간 성장률은 MP 사료 시험구가 EP사료 시험구보다 높았으며, 혈액성분 중 삼투압과 관련된 전해질 농도, 코티졸 농도, 간장 건강도 지표, 영양 지표 등은 시험구 간 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 공급 사료의 지질 함량이 상대적으로 많았던 MP사료 시험구의 혈중 유리지방산 농도가 높게 나타나, 증중량이나 일간 성장률이 높았던 것과도 관련이 있을 것으로 여겨지며, 수온이 낮은 수역에 주로 서식하는 강도다리가 지질을 에너지원으로 효과적으로 활용한다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 두 사료 시험구에서 모두 일간 성장률이 큰 그룹이 낮은 그룹에 비해 혈중 유리지방산 농도가 높았던 것에 대한 상관성에 대해서는 향후 더욱 상세한 검토가 필요할 것으로 생각한다.

간섬유화 동물에서 D-페니실라민의 항섬유화 효과 검색 (The Antifibrotic Effects of D-penicillamine in Liver Fibrosis Animal)

  • 김기영;윤기중;문형배
    • 약학회지
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    • 제40권5호
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    • pp.550-557
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    • 1996
  • One of therapeutics in liver disease (morbus wilson) is D-penicillamin (D-pen: D-3-mercapto-valin). Especially the cross-linking of collagen molecules could be inhibited by D-pe n in extracellular space. In this study we investigated the antifibrotic effects of D-pen in rats that were induced the liver fibrosis by bile duct ligation and scission (BDL/S). Rats were treated for 4 weeks with D-pen after BDL/S operation or sham operation. The balance between fibrogenesis-marker (PNIIIP) and the fibrolysis-maker (PNIVP) were observed in sera by RIA (radioimmunoassay), and the parameter of collagen deposition in liver tissue (hydroxyproline: HYP) was measured by colorimetry. The weight of liver in BDL/S operated group was increased significantly in compared with sham operation group (15.2g${\pm}$1.1, vs 11.9g${\pm}$3.9: p<0.005, p<0.05). The rats group treated by D-pen showed the lower level of PNIIIP (6.7ng/ml${\pm}$1.5, vs 9.5ng/ml${\pm}$2.8) and the higher value of PIVCP (14.0ng/ml${\pm}$1.9, vs 7.9ng/ml${\pm}$1.5) in sera that compared to untreated rats. The content of HYP was decreased by 141% in BDL/S with D-pen treated group than that of it in BDL/S group. No correlation was revealed between collagen parameters in sera and HYP in liver tissue of BDL/S operated and D-pen treated rats. The group treated with D-pen showed the lower value of clinical biochemistry parameters (GOT: glutamate oxalacetate transaminase, Total-Bilirubin) in compared with only BDL/S operated rats, but the value of GPT (glutamate pyruvate transaminase) and Alkaline phosphatase in two BDL/S groups was nearly same. In the histological finding, we observed mild bile duct proliferation, weak inflammation and fibrosis in BDL/S with D-pen treated group, but BDL/S operated group showed the formation of septum (island of hepatocytes), massive bile duct proliferation. This result represents that the BDL/S operation induces liver fibrosis (cirrhosis) in 4 weeks, and D-pen inhibits the synthesis of collagen weakly and stimulates the degradation of collagen in the extracellular space. We conclude that the monitoring of PNIIIP, PIVCP in sera is useful parameter for screening of antifibrotic effect, and D-pen delay the liver fibrosis.

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