• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.211-224
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• 2012

Technology for energy recovery from waste can reduce the greenhouse gas emissions. So recently, there are several companies using RDF, RPF, WCF instead of using only coal fuel and it's part of the fuel on the increase. In this study, we developed Wood chip fuel $CO_2$ emission factor through fuel analysis. It's moisture content is 23%, received net calorific value is 2,845 kcal/kg, and received basis carbon is 34%. The result of emission factor is $105ton\;CO_2/TJ$, it's 5.9% lower than 2006 IPCC guideline default factor $112ton\;CO_2/TJ$. The gross GHG(Greenhouse gases) emissions of plant A is $178,767ton\;CO_2 eq./yr$, and Net GHG emissions is $40,359ton\;CO_2 eq./yr$. Therefore, the reduction of GHG emissions is $138,408ton\;CO_2/yr$ through using WCF, and I accounts for 77% of all GHG emissions.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.301-308
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• 2011

International Maritime Organization (IMO) proposed the Energy Efficiency Operation Indicator (EEOI) in 2005 and the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) in 2008 so as to address emission concern and regulation. Likewise, Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) monitoring and management are also becoming an issue lately. This paper introduces the energy efficiency design index (operation indicator) monitoring system (EDiMS) software can continuously monitor $CO_2$, $NO_x$, $SO_x$, and PM values emitted from ship. The accurate inventory of ships GHG can be obtained from base of emission result during the engine shop test trial and the actual monitoring of shaft power and ship speed. In addition, the ability to store all exhaust emission and engine operation data can be applied as the useful tool of the inventory work of air pollution and ship energy management plan for the mitigation or reduction of ship emissions.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.59-68
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• 2014

The Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011 had an extensive impact on the national electricity plans. This paper outlines alternative electricity scenarios that meet the goals of nuclear phase-out and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction. This paper also analyzes the results of each scenario in respect to the electricity mix, GHG emissions, costs and employment effects. The Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning system (LEAP) model was used to simulate the annual electricity demand and supply system from 2011 to 2030. The reference year was 2009. Scenarios are reference (where existing plans are continued), A1, A2, B1, B2, and C2 (where the levels of demand management and nuclear phase-out are different). The share of renewable energy in the electricity mix in 2030 for each scenario will be increased from about 1% in 2009 to 8% in the reference scenario and from 11% to 31% in five alternative scenarios. Total cumulative cost increases up to 14% more than the reference scenario by replacing nuclear power plants with renewable energy in alternative scenarios could be affordable. Deploying enough renewable energy to meet such targets requires a roadmap for electricity price realization, expansion of research, development and deployment for renewable energy technologies, establishment of an organization dedicated to renewable energy, and ambitious targets for renewable energy.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.654-660
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• 2018

The dependence on global fossil fuels has been gradually reducing all over the world. Some countries which recognized the important of environmental values were joining to carry out international GHG goals. Our country has also participated with high targets (37% reduction compared to BAU 2030 years). So we need to supply materials of lower GHG value such as a bio-diesel. Bio-alcohol is one of the similar bio-fuels that can be reducing GHG. A lot of countries had tried to commercialize through various R&D for bio-alcohol. In this study, we analyzed the fuel characteristics of bio-alcohol fuel produced by domestic technology. And we evaluated a possibility to use as vehicle fuel through mixing of bio-alcohol and gasoline. The mixed fuels were satisfied with 2.3 wt% of oxygen content that is standard of the petroleum and petroleum alternative fuel business Act. We tried to evaluate a emission characteristic of vehicle by mixed fuel. In accordance with the results we tried to find a correlation between fuel and emission.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.272-279
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• 2012

The emission quota of 26.9% was allocated to the architectural sector according to the greenhouse gas(GHG) emission reduction goal of the government. It has become inevitable to change the architectural structures in a low-energy consumption and sustainable manner for new and existing house. The introduction of various legal systems and deregulation have been attempted to promote the low carbon emission and sustainable energy conversion. Although overall emission reduction goal has been set for 6.7 million units of existing houses, there has been a lack of standards and directions for the emission reduction measures. This study was intended to present the most economic and effective green technology improvement measures based on the investigation into the current conditions through direct visit to the selected architectural structures and the repeated simulation of relevant technical elements.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.323-329
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• 2017

Nowadays, considering global warming and enhanced prohibition to discharge pollutants at sea, all of existing operation-ships must lead to the reduction of fuel consumption. International standards of International Maritime Organization and EU rules governing harbor pollutants are being strengthened. Therefore, ship-owners and operators are seeking ways to reduce $CO_2$, SOx, and NOx emissions. Although world trade continues to expand, total fuel usage for sea transport tends to diminish. However, ICS(International Chamber of Shipping) has set a goal of reducing $CO_2$ emissions from shipping by 50% until 2050. In addition, with respect to the Paris Climate Change Accord in 2015, IMO proposes to set up a reduction target of GHG emission from existing operation-ships. For setting up a reduction target of GHG from international maritime transport, "A data collection system for fuel consumption" will be introduced in the near future. In order to effectively reduce the use of fuel in a ship in accordance with the trend of compulsory fuel saving from operation ships, this paper suggested adoption of an Incentive-Penalty scheme based on Emission-Trading-Scheme, Carbon Tax, and basic calculation formula after verifying the EEOI level for a year.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.59-70
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• 2014

The requirements of reliability verification for new products and technology are increasing more and more in accordance with the trend of climate change prevention and GHG reduction technology, functional skills. SCA(Swirl Control Actuator) is the important part of a car intake manifold system. This device generates swirl that is mixing the fuel and air into the engine combustion chamber. This is to improve output for engine and reduce the emission for exhaust. In this article reliability assessment criteria for swirl control actuator for automobiles are established in terms of basic HALT and life time test.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2020

In 2015, the State Council of South Korea finalized its goal to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by "37% from the business-as-usual (BAU) level" by 2030 across all the economic sectors. Of that reduction, 4.5% will be achieved overseas by leveraging Emission Trading Systems (ETS) aided by international cooperation. In line with this, considering both the demand for and supply of the carbon market increased after the Paris agreement, the importance of public diplomacy in negotiating climate change actions also rose. This study aimed to analyze the impact of international discussions such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) on domestic policies and the types of public diplomatic climate change policies pursued by different government agencies, and draw implications from them. This study attempted to find implications from the Korean government's public diplomacy on climate change for developing countries. Lessons learned regarding Korea's public diplomacy would provide a practical guidance to the Asian developing countries, which are suffering from environmental crisis at a phase of rapid economic growth.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.341-349
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• 2016

This study is intended to set a greenhouse gas emission scenario based on green remodeling pilot project (Annex building of Seoul Customs Office) using LEAP model, a long-term energy plan analysis model, to calculate the energy saving and greenhouse gas emission till year 2035 as well as to analyze the effect of electric power saving cost. Total 4 scenarios were made, Baseline scenario, assuming the past trend is to be maintained in the future, green remodeling scenario, reflecting actual green remodeling project of Seoul Customs Office, behavior improvement and renewable energy supply, and Total scenario. According to the analysis result, the energy demand in 2035 of Baseline scenario was 6.1% decreased from base year 2013, that of green remodeling scenario was 17.5%, that of behavior improvement and renewable energy supply scenario was 21.1% and that of total scenario was 27.3%. The greenhouse emission of base year 2013 was $878.2tCO_2eq$, and it was expected $826.3tCO_2eq$, approx. 5.9% reduced, in 2035 by Baseline scenario. the cumulative greenhouse gas emission saving of the analyzing period were $-26.5tCO_2eq$ by green remodeling scenario, $2.8k\;tCO_2eq$ by behavior improvement and renewable energy supply scenario, and $2.0k\;tCO_2eq$ by total scenario. In addition the effect of electricity saving cost through energy saving has been estimated, and it was approx. 634 million won by green remodeling scenario and appro. 726 million won by behavior improvement and renewable energy supply scenario. So it is analyzed that of behavior improvement and renewable energy supply scenario would be approx. 12.7% higher than that of green remodeling scenario.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.297-303
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• 2017

Considering Japan's Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions reduction target for Fiscal Year (FY) 2030, the Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) was analyzed in order to estimate its significant contribution to Japan's Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) and check its availability as a new mechanism to achieve Korea's 2030 mitigation target of 11.3% using carbon credits from international market mechanisms. The total budget for JCM Model Projects (1.2 billion JPY/yr) and JCM REDD+ Model Projects (0.8 billion JPY/yr), which are expected to deliver at least 50% of issued credits to Japan, is estimated about 21.6 billion JPY by the year 2030. This budget is about one third of the purchase of carbon credits from international carbon markets. So far, JCM credits of $378tCO_2-eq$. have been allocated to Japan, which are about 77% of the total issued credit through five-JCM Model Projects implemented from the year 2014. It is expected that Japan will obtain about $0.5MtCO_2-eq$. credits more from 100-ongoing JCM Projects, which are only 1% of Japan's NDC target through JCM credits. With regard to regular issued credits from implemented projects, expected new issued credits from pipeline projects and the less budget for JCM implementation as compared to purchasing carbon credits, JCM credits can be reached a resonable level of Japan's NDC target of $50{\times}100MtCO_2-eq$. through JCM until FY 2030.