• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.57
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• pp.202-226
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze how Chinese people perceive the acceptance and spread of Korean popular culture through the analysis of the Korean Wave news frame in Chinese daily newspapers. The result of analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the number of an article appearance in all three daily newspapers by year according to a specific issue including the popularity of Korean Wave-related events, Korean dramas, movies and Korean stars. This reporting trend also appeared in the article format, and all three daily newspapers mainly used an episodic frame to deliver fragmentary Korean Wave trend or personal information emotionally rather than a thematic frame to analyze and interpret the Korean Wave trend in depth. As a result of analyzing dominant news frames using the inductive approach to examine specific contents of the articles, news frames that composed the Korean Wave into the cultural interest frame as 'Interest and attention toward Korean popular culture' and gave positive evaluations were dominant, followed by the economic news frames that explained the Korean Wave from the economic perspective and the political news frames that considered the Korean Wave from the viewpoint of the Chinese Government. These news frames appeared somewhat different according to the publishing purpose of daily newspapers. ${\ll}$People's Daily${\gg}$ which is the official organ of the Chinese Communist Party often covered the political frames to report the policies of Chinese government, ${\ll}$People's Daily (Overseas edition)${\gg}$ often covered economic frames from the overseas perspective and the Jinghua Daily which is a commercial newspaper by nature often handled cultural interest frames to consider Korean Wave as new cultural phenomenon.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.9-19
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• 2009

This paper describes empirical approach methodology for the quantitative risk assessment of maritime transportation accident (MTA) of a merchant ship. The principal aim of this project is to estimate the risk of MTA that could degrade the ship safety by analyzing the underlying factors contributing to MTA based on the IMO's Formal Safety Assessment techniques and, by assessing the probabilistic risk level of MTA based on the quantitative risk assessment methodology. The probabilistic risk level of MTA to Risk Index (RI) composed with Probability Index (PI) and Severity Index (SI) can be estimated from proposed Maritime Transportation Accident Model (MTAM) based on Bayesian Network with Bayesian theorem Then the applicability of the proposed MTAM can be evaluated using the scenario group with 355 core damaged accident history. As evaluation results, the correction rate of estimated PI, $r_{Acc}$ is shown as 82.8%, the over ranged rate of PI variable sensitivity with $S_p{\gg}1.0$ and $S_p{\ll}1.0$ is shown within 10%, the averaged error of estimated SI, $\bar{d_{SI}}$ is shown as 0.0195 and, the correction rate of estimated RI, $r_{Acc}$(%), is shown as 91.8%. These results clearly shown that the proposed accident model and methodology can be use in the practical maritime transportation field.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.428-436
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• 2001

The rotating inner cylinder executes a periodic translational motion in concentric annulus while the outer one is stationary. In the study of flow-induced vibrations and relaxed instabilities, it is of interest to evaluate the fluid-dynamic forces acting on the rotating inner cylinder. In the present work, the governing equations for the confined flow are expressed as Navier-Stokes equations, including the steady and unsteady terms. The fluid parameters for steady flow generated by the rotating cylinder are determined analytically while the unsteady ones by the oscillatory motion are evaluates by a numerical method based on the spectral collocation method. In order to validate the numerical approach, the numerical results are compared wish the analytical ones given by existing theories, for simple cases where the both approaches are applicable. Good agreement was found between the results. It is found the effects of the Reynolds number, defined by rotating velocity, on the fluid-dynamic forces are important for the case of relatively low oscillatory Reynolds number, defined by oscillatory frequency : j.e., in case of $Re_\omega\gg Re_S$.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.37 no.12
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• pp.936-941
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• 2010

CMMI is composed of 22 process areas by 5 maturity levels and each process area consists of specific goals and generic goals. Since there are many relations among process areas, organizational standard processes tend to contain overlapped contents. In this paper we demonstrated that 60 out of 528 specific goals are highly related (11% relationship) in CMMI maturity level 3 process areas by using pearson correlation analysis and proposed to a scheme for defining organizational standard processes based on the results. As a result of defining organizational standard processes by using proposed a scheme, we achieved a significant improvement of 25% in process defining productivity.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 1986

A new type II restriction endonuclease, Bdi I, has been isolated from Brenibacterium divaricatum FERM 5948 by procedures of ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-cellulose chromatography and heparin agarose chromatography. The purified Bdi I restriction endonudlease had the same cleavage patterns of Cla I whose recognition sequence is 5' ATCGAT 3'. From the result that ${\lambda}-Cla$ I DNA frahment could be cloned in pBR 322 digested with Bdi I, it has been proven that Bdi I cuts between T and C(5' AT/CGAT3') within the recognition sequence and produces 5'pCG cohesive end. The optimal temperature for the Bdi I restriction endonuclease activity was $37^{\circ}C$, and optimal salt (NaCl) concentration was 50-100 mM.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.55-65
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• 2012

Total reduction factor that is used when calculating allowable tensile strength of geogrids is made by multiplying the installation damage reduction factor ($RF_{ID}$), chemical degradation reduction factor ($RF_D$), and creep reduction factor ($RF_{CR}$) etc. In case of a model estimating allowable tensile strength considering reduction factor over the short-term tensile strength of geogrids, it has a limit of not considering interaction force between reduction factors. Junction strength comes to be reduced by installation damages or chemical degradation in the same way as tensile strength. Single junction test method cannot properly test damaged samples and shows large deviations as it does not consider scale effect. Besides, regarding calculating shear strength, no reasonable study on reduction factors was conducted yet. Therefore, in this study, reduction factors that may affect the long-term performance of geogrids were revaluated considering various conditions and accurate long-term allowable tensile strength was calculated considering interrelation between reduction factors. Creep results after installation damage and chemical resistance test showed lower value than calculated value according to GRI GG-4. After the installation damage test and the chemical resistance test, the reduction factor of junction strength was less than that of tensile strength. Shear strength before and after installation damage showed no change or increase.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.725-736
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• 2013

In order to acquire morphological characteristics and genetic characteristics of pathogen that causes anthrax to chestnut, anthrax was separate and identified in Gongju, chungnam chestnut plantation. Antagonistic microorganisms and plant extracts were selected for control of anthrax. Medium maturing variety treatment of 250 dilution fold in field was control at 71.2% and treatment of 500 dilution fold was control at 64.4% and treatment of 1000 dilution fold was control at 40.7%. Storage control value of Jabong in $25^{\circ}C$ after treatment in field is 61.7% at 250 dilution fold, 62.8% at 500 dilution fold, 40.9% at 1000 dilution fold treatment.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.716-722
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• 2002

Meat(beef, pork, chicken, duck) were cooked by three kinds of instruments (gas grill. electric grill, microwave oven) and extracted with 80% methanol. These methanol extracts were performed the Ames test, employing S. typhimurium tester strain TA100 (in vitro) and micronucleus test (in vivo). The methanol extract of cooked pork showed high mutagenicity in 5.0mg/plate without S9 mix and induced a higher mutagenicity with S9 mix than without S9 mix at 5 mg/plate. In all kinds of cookery methods, pork extracts showed high mutagenicity according to increase of cookery temperature (200$\^{C}$, 260$\^{C}$ and 320$\^{C}$). The methanol extract of cooked pork by electric grill (at 260$\^{C}$, for 5 min) showed high mutagenicity in all kinds of cookery instruments on the Ames test and micronucleus test. In all kinds of meat, the methanol extract of cooked pork showed a higher mutagenicity than the others and chicken showed a lower. The extract after pork soaked in ginger juice showed lower mutagenicity and micronucleus formation than the other vegetable juice.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.5 s.67
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• pp.383-394
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• 2006

In 2005, Giorgetto Giugiaro unveiled the Ferrari GG50 at the 50th anniversary celebration of his design career. Beginning his career at the age of 17, he is a master designer who has achieved design revolution by uniting creativity, design methodology, and technology. He has been awarded a number of international prizes for his exquisite achievements and reputation for car design. Carrozzeria of ITAL DESIGN, founded by Giugiaro, is a company whose ideas combine cutting-edge technology and high quality craftsmanship. Beginning in car design, ITAL DESIGN achieved a positive reputation internationally and, since 1999, has expanded even more rapidly under its new name, ITAL DESIGN-GIUGIARO. The owner of 12 affiliates worldwide, all service systems are buyer-oriented, ensuring the highest level of technical consulting. Beginning with the 1971 Alfa Romeo Alfasud, the 1st major project, more than 100 cars have been designed in the past 35 years, leading to the production or in million cars by major motor companies around the world. Giugiaro has focused on practical performance as well as external beauty in his car design, the best of which enter the mass market. With his philosophy of "I want to be the 1st customer of my design" Giugiaro design invites customer participation and input to meet their needs and demands. Free from the routine, typical image, Giugiaro design has raised the bar for creativity and thinking beyond traditional values and ideologies.

• Clean Technology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2017

In this study, toxicities of seven metals (Cu, Cd, Cr, As(III), As(V), Zn, Ni) and five metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs: CuO, ZnO, NiO, $TiO_2$, $Fe_2O_3$) were evaluated based on the growth of Chlorella vulgaris. Effect on algae growth was evaluated by integrating the results of absorption, chlorophyll content, and cell count. The toxicity rankings of metals was observed as Cr ($0.7mgL^{-1}$) > Cu ($1.7mgL^{-1}$) > Cd ($3.2mgL^{-1}$) > Zn ($3.9mgL^{-1}$) > Ni ($13.2mgL^{-1}$) > As(III) ($17.8mgL^{-1}$) ${\gg}$ As(V) (> $1000mgL^{-1}$). Slightly different orders and sensitivities of metal toxicity were examined depending on endpoints of algal growth. In case of NPs, regardless of endpoints, similar toxicity rankings of NPs ($TEC_{50}$) were observed, showing ZnO ($2.4mgL^{-1}$) > NiO ($21.1mgL^{-1}$) > CuO ($36.6mgL^{-1}$) > $TiO_2$ ($62.5mgL^{-1}$) > $Fe_2O_3$ ($82.7mgL^{-1}$). These results indicate that an integrating results of endpoints might be an effective strategy for the assessment of contaminants.