• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.9-23
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• 2023

Plants are able to produce a large number of diverse bioactive compounds. Solvent extraction is used for isolation of plant metabolites. The extract yield for plant metabolite extraction strongly depends on the nature of solvent. A review showed the methanol can yield more bioactive compounds. Drying of the sample material is also important for the extraction of plant material. The present study was carried out to analyze the phytocomponents of 5 different latex producing plants. The plants like Calotropis gigantea, Carica papaya, Nerium oleander, Ficus benghalensis and Plumeria alba leaves and latex. The GC-MS analysis of the metabolites revealed phytocomponents. Calotropis gigantea leaves showed 14 compounds and latex produced 5 compounds out of this 4,4,6A,6B,8A,11,11,14B-Octamethyl-1,4,4A,5,6,6A,6B,7,8,8A,9,10,11,12,12A,14,14A,14B-Octadeca-hydro-2 and 2R- Acetoxymethyl-1,3,3-trimethyl-4T-(3-Methyl-2-Buten-1-Yl)-1T-Cyclohexanol compound was present in both latex and leaf extraction. Beta. -carotene compound was present in both latex and leaf of Carica papaya. It was observed that Ficus benghalensis contained 2R-Acetoxymethyl-1,3,3-trimethyl-4T-(3-Methyl-2-Buten-1-Yl)-1T-Cyclohexanol was same in latex and leaf extraction.

• 천문학회보
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.29.1-29.1
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• 2017

I present new near-infrared (NIR) photometry of globular cluster (GC) systems associated to a cD galaxy NGC 4874 in the core of the Coma cluster and 16 early-type galaxies in the Fornax and Virgo clusters of galaxies using the Infrared Channel of the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3/IR) on board the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Combining these high-resolution NIR data with new HST Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) optical photometry for NGC 4874 and existing ACS GC catalogs from the ACS Fornax and Virgo Cluster Surveys, I have examined for the first time the GC systems in a statistically significant optical/NIR sample of galaxies spanning a wide range of luminosities and colors. A primary goal of this study is to explore empirically whether the distributions of purely optical and hybrid optical - NIR color indices for extragalactic GCs have different forms and whether the relations between these color indices are nonlinear, indicating that they behave differently with underlying metallicity. I find that some GC systems of large galaxies in our sample show color bimodalities that differ between the optical and optical - NIR colors, in the sense that they have disparate ratios of "blue" and "red" peak GCs, as well as differing ratios in their color dispersions. Consistent with these results, I find empirically that the dependence of hybrid optical-NIR color on purely optical color is nonlinear, with an inflection at intermediate metallicities. These findings underscore the importance of understanding the nature of galaxy-to-galaxy variations in the GC color distributions and color-color relations, as well as the exact forms of the color-metallicity transformations, in interpreting the observational data on GC color bimodality. Our ACS data for NGC 4874 shows that its GC system exhibits a very strong blue tilt, implying a very steep mass-metallicity scaling, and the centroid of this GC system is offset by $4{\pm}1kpc$ from the luminosity center of NGC 4874, in the direction of NGC 4872. Finally, I discuss the asymmetrical GC distribution around a dwarf elliptical galaxy in Coma that has a very high relative velocity with respect to the cluster mean at small clustercentric radius.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.173-177
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• 2023

Kendrick plots offer an alternative visualization of mass spectral data which reveals ion series and patterning by turning a mass spectrum into a map, plotting the fractional mass (wrongly called mass defect) as a function of mass-to-charge ratios and ion abundances. Although routinely used for polymer mass spectrometry, two unreported applications of these Kendrick plots are proposed using the program "kendo2": the graphical recalibration of a mass spectrum via the simulation of a theoretical fractional mass and a multi-segment fit; and the rapid evaluation of scan-to-scan variation of accurate mass measurements used as tolerances for the blank subtraction of UPLC-MS data files. Both applications are compatible with any type of high-resolution MS data including LC/GC-MS(/MS).

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.323-328
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• 2004

본 연구는 시설하우스의 주요 해충인 온실가루이와 담배가루이에 대한 spearmint oil의 훈증독성 및 접촉독성을 조사하였으며, gas chromatograph (GC)와 gas chromatograph mass spectrometry(GC/MS)를 이용하여 speamint oil의 주요 구성성분을 분석하였다. 훈증독성 시험 결과, 온실가루이에 대해서 spearmint oil은 $10{\mu}L/954mL$ air의 약량처리에서 $99.1\%$의 살충활성을 나타내었으며, 5와 $1{\mu}L/954mL$ air의 약량처리에서 각각 $91.7\%$와 $41.1\%$의 살충활성을 나타내었다. 또한 담배가루이에 대해서 spearmint oil은 $10{\mu}L/954mL$ air의 약량처리에서 각각 $100\%$의 살충활성을 나타내었으며, 5와 $1{\mu}L/954mL$ air의 약량에서도 각각 100, $61.3\%$의 높은 살충활성을 나타내었다. 그러나 온실가루이와 담배가루이 성충에 대한 spearmint oil의 접촉독성은 살충효과가 $30\%$ 이하로 낮았다. Spearmint oil을 GC와 GC/MS로 분석한 결과, limonene ($16.1\%$), ${\gamma}$-terpinene($13.8\%$), ${\rho}$-cymene($5.8\%$), 3-octanol($6.9\%$), carvone($40.9\%$)이 주요 구성성분으로 나타났으며, 주요성분인 carvone 은 $10{\mu}L/954mL$ air 약량에서 $100\%$의 높은 훈증독성을 나타내었다.

• 분석과학
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.240-251
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• 2017

1,1,1,2-수소불화탄소(HFC-134a)는 에어컨에 주로 사용되는 냉매로, 최근 온실가스로 규제되어 정제를 통한 재사용 방법이 권장되고 있다. 폐냉매의 재사용 기준 평가를 위해서는 폐냉매에 존재하는 미량 성분의 정량분석이 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 표준 물질이 없어서 정량화하기 어려웠던 C, H, Cl, F가 포함된 미량 성분들을 GC/AED (gas chromatograph-atomic emission detector)를 이용하여 정량분석하였다. 이를 위하여 GC/MSD (mass selective detector)를 통한 정성분석을 선행하였다. 또한 성분의 원자 수와 비례하여 반응하는 AED의 특성을 조사하기 위하여, 탄화수소 혼합 표준물질을 이용하여 선형성을 확인하였다. 시료 중 C, H, Cl, F가 포함된 미량 성분의 정성 분석 결과, 주성분인 HFC-134a와 유사 냉매류들을 포함한 총 15 개의 성분이 검출되었다. MSD 결과를 토대로 AED를 이용한 미량 성분들을 정량 분석한 결과, 한 시료는 $CHClF_2$ 성분($45438.38{\mu}mol/mol$), 또 다른 시료는 $C_2H_2ClF_3$ 성분($1311.47{\mu}mol/mol$)이 가장 높은 몰분율을 나타냈다. 본 연구에서는 이 분석법을 기반으로 하여, 표준 물질이 존재하지 않아 정량화하기 어려운 복합 성분들의 정성 및 정량 분석의 확장 적용이 가능할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.110-117
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• 2018

본 연구는 국내 생산 및 수입 양식 수산물에 대해 잔류할 수 있는 향정신성 의약품인 디아제팜 대한 안전관리강화기반을 위해 마련되었다. 중국인민공화국 국가 표준시험법(GB 29697-2013)을 기반으로 전처리 방법을 개선하여 GC-MS/MS 시험법을 확립하였으며, LC-MS/MS 방법과의 기기간 검증을 통해 확립된 시험법의 선택성, 정량한계 및 회수율에 대한 검증을 통해 디아제팜 시험법으로서의 유효성을 확인하였다. LC-MS/MS의 경우 아세토니트릴로 추출 후 PSA를 이용해 정제하였고, GC-MS/MS의 경우 아세토니트릴로 추출후 $C_{18}$카트리지를 이용해 정제하였다. 디아제팜은 표준용액을 정량한계를 포함한 농도에 따라 검량선을 작성한 결과 두 기기 모두 $r^2$> 0.99 이상의 직선성을 확인하였다. 본 실험에서의 검출한계와 정량한계는 LC-MS/MS 및 GC-MS/MS 모두 0.0004 mg/kg, 0.001 mg/kg 수준이었으며, 평균 회수율은 각각 99.8~106%, 109~124%이었다. 또한, 분석오차는 모두 15% 이하로 정확성 및 재현성이 우수하였으며, CODEX 가이드라인 규정에 만족하는 수준이었다. 따라서 개발된 시험법은 안전한 수산물의 국내 유통과 잔류실태조사를 위해 활용될 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.293-300
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• 1985

Volatile components of Korean horseradish roots harvested at different dates were prepared by steam distillation. Samples were examined by gas chromatography (GC) and combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major pungent constituent, allyl isothiocyanate was confirmed add tended to increase with delayed harvest time. Pungent principles also included allyl thiocyanate, 2-phenethyl, 2-butyl, 4- pentenyl, benzyl and 3-methylthiopropyl isothiocyanates. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy study showed that allyl isothiocyanate - thiocyanate interconversion did not occur under the condition of this study.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.120.2-121
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• 2003

The alkylphenols, chlorophenols and bisphenol A were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-selected ion monitoring (GC/MS-SIM) mode followed by two work-up methods for comparison; isoBOC derivatization method and TBDMS derivatization method. Eleven phenols in paper samples were extracted with acetonitrile. (omitted)

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.311-314
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• 1990

The volatile fraction of Oenanthe stolonifera DC. was extracted by a steam distillation under the atmospheric pressure and analyzed by gas chromatography(GC) and gas chromatogra-phy/mass spectrometry(Gc-MS) The experimental results revealed the presence of 63 volatile components. Among them 39 components identified were composed of 20 hydrocarbonss(61.94%) 9 alcohols(8.76%) 3 ketones(11.5%) 1 ester(1.34%) 1 aldehyde (2.29%) and 5 miscellaneous \ulcorner92.35%) The major volatile components of Oenanthe stolonifera DC. were limo-nene(12.12%) pulegone(94.8%) germacrene D(8.34%) and $\beta$-pinene(7.68%)

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.68.1-68.1
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• 2003

A method for determination 11 endocrine disrupting chemicals of phenols in various samples was deloped. The alkylphenols, chlorophenols and bisphenol A were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-selected ion monitoring (GC/MS-SIM) followed by two work-up methods for comparison; isobutoxycarbonyl (isoBOC) derivatization method and tert-butyldimethylsilyl (TBDMS) derivatization method. Eleven endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) of phenols in biological samples were extracted with acetonitrile and then acetonitrile layer was refrigerated at -60$^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours (freezing filtration). (omitted)