• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.177-184
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• 2011

In this study, the system for application of the bone stimulation was implemented using high frequency and low strain method. The whole system consists of the high frequency and low strain vibration stimulation system 177 for stimulating bone, LVDT sensor, and wireless sensor based on tri-axial accelerometer. To evaluate the usefulness of the system, the frequencies and accelerations from function generator were applied to the vibration stimulation system. The range of frequency was 17 Hz, 30 Hz, 45 Hz, 50 Hz and the range of acceleration was set 0.3 g, 0.6 g, 1g, and 2 g. The measured frequencies and acceleration using LVDT (linear variable difference transformer) sensor and 3-axial accelerometer were estimated and compared. The range of frequencies average difference was from 0.0 to 0.004 Hz. As the standard deviation of frequencies estimated by LVDT sensor and accelerometer was below 0.03 Hz and the output frequencies of function generator were similar: Also the results of t-test were satisfied with conditions of p > 0.05. And the acquired frequencies and acceleration from vibration measuring device module were estimated and analyzed. As the mean of accelerations was similar to the acceleration applied from function generator. And the standard deviation of acceleration estimated from vibration measuring device module was ranged from 0.019 g to 0.038 g. Also the results of t-test were satisfied with conditions of p > 0.05. Therefore, these results were airy similar to the acceleration applied from function generator. As a result, the usefulness of the system was confirmed. n a further study, clinical experiment will be carried out with the authorization of IRB (institutional review board) so that appropriate frequency and strain would be investigated in clinical field.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.218-228
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• 2019

This study was conducted to review and analyze the academic-related satisfaction intervention programs for Korean nursing students and to provide evidence-based data. The data included in the meta-analysis were 25 studies published from 2001 to July 2018, and the design of the study consisted of 1 randomized controlled trial and 24 non-randomized controlled trials. The study subjects were nursing students from 1st to 4th grade, and the intervention program was conducted in theoretical and practical classes. The sample size was 1182 (mean: 47.3) in the experimental group and 1137 in the control group (mean: 45.5). The intervention program consisted of 1~16 weeks/1~16 sessions/7~240 minutes per session. Dependent variables were as follows: major satisfaction, learning satisfaction, satisfaction with the classroom practice, and satisfaction with the clinical practice. Satisfaction with the classroom practice (Hedges' g=0.876[95% CI: 0.405, 1.346]), satisfaction with the clinical practice (Hedges' g=0.515[95% CI: 0.312, 0.718]), and overall academic-related satisfaction (Hedges' g=0.630[95% CI: 0.371, 0.889]) were statistically significant and above intermediate levels in the meta-analysis. The study results are significant in that the objective results were confirmed by integrating the previous studies dealing with the academic-related satisfaction intervention program of nursing students.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.46-60
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore married immigrant women's child-rearing experiences including parenting stress and parenting efficacy using parallel/simultaneous mixed method design. Method: Participants of this quantitative study were 53 immigrant women in G City. Data was collected from May 1 to July 31 and analyzed using the SPSS 14 program. Qualitative data was collected from 8 immigrant women through focus group discussions from April, 22 to August 5, 2008 in G City and G Province. The data was analyzed using a content analysis method. Results: The mean score of parenting stress scale and parenting efficacy were 63.49 and 43.11 respectively. Significant differences were found in parenting stress according to nationality, length of stay, religion, economic status, education level, Korean language skill, number of children, and program participation. Significant differences were found in the Parenting efficacy according to the nation, length of stay, economic status, education level, Korean language skill, children's health status, and program participation. Three themes emerged through this analysis: 1) Isolation from the maternal parent, 2) Insufficient support system, 3) Conflicts and Compromise of child-rearing practices. Conclusion: Married immigrant women experience double burdens of mothering. There is a need to develop educational and support programs for them.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.728-736
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• 2013

This study selected 390 students attending the three-year curriculum departments of G college in G metropolitan city including emergency medical technology, physical therapy and health administration randomly as the subjects of the research. The research was conducted from June 4 to 6, 2012 with structured self-administered questionnaire, 366 responses were used for final analysis. Data collected were analyzed with SPSS WIN(Statistical Package for Social Science Windows) 12.0 program and all tests were verified at the significance level of 0.05. As a result of the research, it was found that interaction effects between depression from suicidal ideation and social support showed negative correlation and it was statistically significant. Consequently, it was confirmed that social support had control effects in the relationship between depression and suicidal ideation. Therefore, the development and application of individual and group counseling and regular education program to prevent suicide and increase self-esteem are required, practical education program should be conducted and studies showing its results and effects are also needed.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.457-465
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• 2015

The 15-kDa selenoprotein (Sep15) is a selenoprotein residing in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and implicated in quality control of protein folding. Herein, we established an inducible RNAi cell line that targets Sep15 mRNA in Chang liver cells. RNAi-induced Sep15 deficiency led to inhibition of cell proliferation, whereas cell growth was resumed after removal of the knockdown inducer. Sep15-deficient cells were arrested at the G1 phase by upregulating p21 and p27, and these cells were also characterized by ER stress. In addition, Sep15 deficiency led to the relocation of focal adhesions to the periphery of the cell basement and to the decrease of the migratory and invasive ability. All these changes were reversible depending on Sep15 status. Rescuing the knockdown state by expressing a silent mutant Sep15 mRNA that is resistant to siRNA also reversed the phenotypic changes. Our results suggest that SEP15 plays important roles in the regulation of the G1 phase during the cell cycle as well as in cell motility in Chang liver cells, and that this selenoprotein offers a novel functional link between the cell cycle and cell motility.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.275-282
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• 2016

This study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of boiled pork powder (BPP) and hot water extract powder (HWEP) from 4 cuts of meat from Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc (LYD). The highest DPPH radical scavenging activities determined were from BPP of Boston butt (13.65 M TE) and HWEP of loin (19.40 M TE) and ham (21.45 M TE). The 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activities of BPP from shoulder ham (39.28 M TE) and ham (39.43 M TE) were higher than those of other meat cuts, while HWEP of ham exhibited the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity. A higher oxygen radical absorbance capacity was determined for BPP from ham (198.35 M TE) and in HWEP from loin (204.07 M TE), Boston butt (192.85 M TE), and ham (201.36 M TE). Carnosine content of BPP and HWEP from loin and were determined to be 106.68 and 117.77 mg/g on a dry basis, respectively. The anserine content of BPP (5.26 mg/g, dry basis) and HWEP (6.79 mg/g, dry basis) of shoulder ham exhibited the highest value as compared to the extracts from the other meat cuts. The viability of RAW 264.7 cells was increased with increasing HWEP from loin and ham treatment. In addition, the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α was significantly reduced by HWEP from loin and ham, in a dose dependent manner. These results suggested that boiled pork and hot water extract of pork have antioxidative and cytokine inhibitory effects.

• Genes and Genomics
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• v.40 no.11
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• pp.1127-1136
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• 2018

The Greater Sudbury Region has been known as one of the most ecologically disturbed areas in Canada for the past century. Plant adaptation to environmental stressors often results in modifications in gene expression at the transcriptional level. The main objective of the present study was to compare the expression of genes associated with nickel resistance in Acer rubrum and Populus tremuloides growing in areas contaminated and uncontaminated with metals. Primers targeting Nramps4, Nas 3, At2G, MRP4 and alpha-tubulin genes were used to amplify cDNA of both species. The expression of the At2G gene, was $2{\times}$ and $9{\times}$ higher in P. tremuloides than in A. rubrum for St. Charles (uncontaminated site) and Kelly Lake (metal contaminated site), respectively. There was a much smaller difference between the two species for the Nramps 4 gene as its expression was $2.5{\times}$ and $3{\times}$ higher in P. tremuloides compared to A. rubrum from St. Charles and Kelly Lake, respectively. The same trend was observed for the MRP4 gene whose expression was $2{\times}$ and $14{\times}$ higher in P. tremuloides than in A. rubrum from St. Charles and Kelly Lake, respectively. For the Nas 3 gene, the expression was similar in both sites. This gene was upregulated $11{\times}$ and $10{\times}$ in P. tremuloides compared to A. rubrum in samples from St. Charles and Kelly Lake, respectively. In general, no significant difference was observed between the metal contaminated and uncontaminated sites for gene expression. In depth analysis revealed that AT2G and MRP4 genes were significantly down regulated in A. rubrum from the metal contaminated sites compared to those from uncontaminated areas, but environmental factors driving this differential gene expression couldn't be established.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.435-443
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• 2023

Global concern over climate change, driven by greenhouse gas emissions, has prompted widespread interest in sustainable solutions. In the agricultural sector, biochar has emerged as a focal point for mitigating these emissions. This study investigated the impact of continuous biochar application on CO₂ and N₂O emissions during the spring cabbage cultivation period. Greenhouse gas emissions in the biochar treatment groups (soils treated with 1, 3, and 5 tons/ha of rice husk biochar) were compared to those in the control group without biochar. During the spring cabbage cultivation period in 2022, the total CO₂ emissions were in the range of 71.6-119.0 g/m² day, and in 2023, with continuous biochar application, they were in the range of 71.6-102.1 g/m² day. The total emissions of N₂O in 2022 and 2023 were in the range of 11.7-23.7 and 7.8-19.9 g/m² day, respectively. Overall, greenhouse gas emissions decreased after biochar treatment, confirming the positive influence of biochar on mitigating greenhouse gas release from the soil. Nevertheless, further research over an extended period exceeding five years is deemed essential to delve into the specific mechanisms behind these observed changes and to assess the long-term sustainability of biochar's impact on greenhouse gas dynamics in agricultural settings.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1994.02a
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• pp.577-584
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• 1994

The relation between lead in air (PbA) and lead in blood (PbB), concentrations was investigated among 44 workers in five major operations in a United States high volume, lead acid battery plant. The study covered a 30 month period in which workers received frequent PbA and PbB determinations, workers remained in a single job, and PbA concentrations averaged below the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) permissible exposure limit of $50{\mu}g/m^{3}$. In both univariate and multivariable linear regressions, longitudinal analyses averaging PbA concentrations over the 30 month study period appeared superior to cross sectional analyses using only six month PbA averages .to model PbB concentrations. The covariate adjusted coefficient ($\alpha$ value) for PbA($\mu/m^{3}$) in models of PbB (${\mu}g/100\;g$) was 1-14. This figure is strikingly higher than that reported in previous studies in the lead acid battery industry in all of which PbA concentrations were substantially higher than in the current study. Plausible explanations for the differences in a: values include non-linearity of the PbA-PbB curve, a higher fraction of large size particulate associated with higher PbA concentrations, survivor bias among workers exposed to higher PbA concentrations, and the cross sectional designs of most previous studies. Despite previously reported problems with the model used by OSHA to predict PbA-PbB relations, the findings of this study are in good agreement with the predictions of that model.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2016

Background : We studied the anti-oxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effects of Spiraea fritschiana Schneid extract (SFSE). Methods and Results : The SFSE was prepared using methanol and was evaluated for its total phenol and flavonoid content, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free-radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and effect on nitric oxide (NO) production, and cell viability by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The total phenol content was $212.78{\mu}g{\cdot}galli$c acid equivalent (GAE)/mg and the total flavonoid content was $66.84{\mu}g{\cdot}quercetin$ equivalent (QE)/mg. The extract showed antioxidant activity (DPPH free-radical scavenging activity) with $RC_{50}$ value of $76.61{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. The reducing power of the extract was Abs 0.58 at $250{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. Cell viability was determined using the MTT 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. To evaluate anti-inflammatory activity, we examined the inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-(LPS)-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells. The NO inhibition rate was 90% at $200{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ SFSE. At the same concentration, the expression of pro-inflammatory genes such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 also decreased. Conclusions : Our results suggest that SFSE is a novel resource for the development of foods and drugs that possess anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.