• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.63-67
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• 2007

A ring, monosomy and marker chromosome 13 was found in a 14 months old male with multiple congenital anomalies which suggested the deletion 13 syndrome. He presented development retardation, mental retardation, syndactyly of thumbs, xeroderma, dyspnea, dyslogia and face deformity diagnosed by chromosomal analysis using synchronized G-banding technique which revealed of 46,XY,r(13)(p13q34)[48]/45,XY,-13[28]/46,XY,-13,+mar[13]. We report this case with a brief review of the correlation between clinical features and the observed 13 polymorphism chromosome.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.437-477
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• 1994

The DNA replication of human Iyrnphocvtes was studied using Bromodeo3fyuridine incorporation. The characteristic patterns of dvnamlc banding were analysed. Human chromosomal ONA was synthesized in a segmental but highly coordinated fashion. Each chromosome replicates according to its innate pattern of chromosome structure (bandinsl. R-positive bands are demonstrated as the initiation sites of DNA synthesis, and G-bnads initiate replication after it has been completed in the autosomal R-bands. Many researchers demonstrated that developmental or induced methvlation of DNA can inactivate the associated gene loci. Such DNA methylation can be reversed and specific genes reactivated by treatment with 5-azacvtidine. We treated the hvpomethvlating agent 5-azacvtidine and tested for changes of DNA replication pattern. Treatment with 5-azacytidine causes an advance in the time of replication. These observed changes in timing of replication suggest that DNA methvlation may modify regional groups of genes in concert.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.28-35
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• 2006

Virulence and genetic diversity were studied using 21 isolates of Sclerospora graminicola, the pearl millet downy mildew pathogen collected from major pearl millet growing areas of India. Variability for virulence was determined by inoculating a set of 10 differential hosts with the S. graminicola isolates in a greenhouse. The isolates varied for latent period (6.4 to 11 days), disease incidence (0 to $98\%$), virulence index (0 to 18.7) and oospore-production potential (1 to 4). Among the 21 isolates, Sg 139 (Rajasthan) was the most virulent and Sg 110 (Tamil Nadu) the least virulent. Based on virulence index (disease incidence$\time$slatent $period^{-1}$), the 21 isolates were classified into eight virulence groups. Genetic diversity among isolates was studied using AFLP markers. Based on similarity index of banding pattern, the 21 isolates were clustered into eight genotypic groups. The AFLP groupings, however, did not match with that of the virulence groupings, and these two were found independent. The isolate Sg 139 that remained distinct in both pathogenic and genetic groupings indicated its highly virulent nature. Implications of these results in downy mildew resistance breeding are discussed.

• ALGAE
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.185-193
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• 2009

Geothermal springs in India, formed as a result of volcanic or tectonic activities, are characterized by high temperature and relatively abundant reduced compounds. These thermal springs are inhabited by characteristic thermophilic organisms including cyanobacteria. Cyanobacteria are among the few organisms that can occupy high temperature aquatic environments including hot springs. In alkaline and neutral hot springs and streams flowing from them cyanobacteria can form thick colourful mats that exhibit banding patterns. The present investigation involves study of mat forming cyanobacterial flora from hot springs located in Bakreswar, West Bengal, India. The important species found are Synechococcus bigranulatus, S. lividus, Gloeocapsa gelatinosa, G. muralis, Phormidium laminosum, P. frigidum, Oscillatoria princes, O. fragilis, Lyngbya lutea, Pseudanabaena sp., Calothrix thermalis, and Fischerella thermalis. Their distribution pattern in relation to physico-chemical parameters of spring water has also been studied. Three cyanobacterial strains of the above mentioned list were grown in culture and their pigment content and nitrogen fixing capacity were also studied. Nitrogen fixing capacities of Calothrix thermalis, Nostoc sp. (isolated in culture) and Fischerella thermalis are 5.14, 0.29, and 2.60 n mole $C_2H_4/{\mu}g$ of Chl-${\alpha}$/hr respectively. Carotenoid : Chlorophyll-${\alpha}$ ratio of four mat samples collected from Kharkunda, Suryakunda, Dudhkunda and bathing pool are 2.45, 1.60, 1.48, and 1.34, respectively. Higher value of Carotenoid : Chlorophyll-${\alpha}$ ratio coincided with higher temperature.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.83-93
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• 1988

Amethysts in Eonyang Granite of Woolju-Kun, Kyungnam Province are frequently parallelly grown on top of preexisting smoky quartz crystallized on milky and colorless quartz crystals, which, as a whole, resemble "mushroom" in outer appearance. Fluid inclusions in the amethysts may be grouped into (1) gaseous inclusions (G>L), (2) liquid inclusions (L>G), (3) $L_{CO_2}$-bearing inclusions (L+G+$L_{CO_2}$), (4) halite-bearing inclusions (L+G+halite), (5) multiphase inclusions (L+G+halite+sylvite${\pm}$opaque mineral). In addition, euhedral K-feldspars and acicular hematite crystals are included in colorless-milky quartz and deep purple-red quartz, respectively. Filling temperatures of each type of fluid inclusions were measured as follows: $320{\sim}560^{\circ}C$ for gaseous inclusions; $100{\sim}290^{\circ}C$ for liquid inclusions; $200{\sim}310^{\circ}C$ for $L_{CO_2}$-bearing inclusions; $300{\sim}430^{\circ}C$ for halite-bearing inclusions; and $370{\sim}430^{\circ}C$ for polyphase inclusions. The finished-gem amethysts from Eonyang may be distinguished from Brazilian amethysts by the difference in filling degree of gaseous inclusions by the presence of hematite aciculae, and of $L_{CO_2}$-bearing inclusions, and also by the absence of Zebra-striation structure. They may also be differentiated from synthetic amethysts by presence of straight color banding, solid inclusions, and $L_{CO_2}$-bearing inclusions which are not found in synthetic materials.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.354-361
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• 2001

Chromosomal characteristics of New Zealane White rabbit was studied at meiosis and mitosis. The meiotic chromosomal preparations were mad with the modified air-drying method and karyotype analysis was performed with the G-banding technique, using isolated mitotic metapase chromosomes of the New Zealand White rabbit. Chromosomes, sex vesicles and centromeres could be classified in the zygotene and the pachytene of the meiosis I. The hair-like processes projecting laterally from the axes of bivalent chromosomes at the mid-to-late pachytene were observed and made the appearance of the lampbrush chromosome structure. Chromosomes could be classified onthe basis of the numbers and locations of chiasma in the diakinesis. Twenty-one autosomal bivalents and a single unequal terminally associated X-Y bivalent were observe during the late prophase and the metaphase of the meiosis I. Most of the bivalent types observed in the New Zealand White rabbit spermatrocytes were 1CH, 1TAl, and 2TA bivalents. The mean chiasma frequency(CF) of the male New Zealand White rabbit was 30.2 and it was found that the CF value tended to decrease through diakinesis and the metaphase I. The karyotype of the New Zealand White rabbit was a male chromosome number of 44(2n=44) comprising 8 pairs of metacentric, 9 pairs of submetacentric, 4 pairs o acrocentric autosomes, metacentric X chromosome and acrocentric Y chromosome.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.147.2-148
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• 2003

Complete nucleotide sequence of genome RNA of a Korean isolate of Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV-Vb) from field-collected diseased paprika (Capsicum annuum var grossum) was determined in this study. Symptoms of isolates of PepMoV were divided largely into two groups, vein banding (Vb) and vein clearing (Vc) patterns. PepMoV-Vb RNA consists of 9,640 nucleotides excluding the poly(A) tail. A single open reading frame was identified beginning at nucleotide position 169 encoding a polyprotein of 3024 amino acids which is typical of the Potyvirus genus. The complete nucleotide sequence and coding regions of PepMoV-Vb were compared to that of 11 potyviruses within the genus Potyvirus. The overall nucleotide sequence identity was 94.7 and 94.1％ identical to PepMoV-C and PepMoV-FL, respectively. Full-length cDNAs of PepMoV-Vbl were synthesized from purified viral RNAs by RT-PCR and their genome structure was analysed by RFLP analysis. This is the first report on complete nucleotide sequence of PepMoV isolated from paprika in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.52-62
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• 2015

This study conducted an experiment to clarify the effect of rubber bands used as a root connector during the process of transplanting landscape trees on the development of the root system and the rooting process. The research period was four years, from April 2007 to April 2011, and the test conducted for this study was performed at the experimental field located at 398-2 Bangdong-ri, Sacheon-myeon, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do. Twenty 15-year-old Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc. with good growth conditions were harvested and transplanted from the forest in Jebi-ri, Gujeong-myeon, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do for the field experiment. A completely randomized design was applied for plot design, with 10 pines without rubber bands and 10 pines with rubber bands. Pinus densiflora for. multicaulis Uyeki was selected as the official tree of the pot test and was planted in a transparent pot to observe the development of the root system. A completely randomized design was applied for plot design, with 3 pines without rubber bands and 3 pines with rubber bands. The results of this research on the effect of rubber bands used as a root connector on root system development and the rooting process are as follows. 1. The rate of height growth in the field test was 4.1% lower in the trees with rubber bands when compared to trees without rubber bands. Trees with rubber bands were 4.2% wider than those without rubber bands in root diameter. The chlorophyll content was 6.8% higher in trees without rubber bands, but the rate of height growth, root diameter, and chlorophyll content were not significantly correlated. 2. In the comparison of fresh root weight in the field test, trees with rubber banding had roots weighing 1,740.0kg and those without rubber bands had roots weighing 1,433.3kg. Root dry weight was 522.3g in trees with rubber bands and 450.0g in those without rubber bands, but showed no significant difference depending on whether the rubber band was attached. 3. In a comparison of root number between surfaces touching and not touching the rubber band in trees with rubber banding, the surface touching the rubber band was observed to have more roots growing, the difference of which was deemed significant. 4. The shoot growth rate in the pot test was 1.1% higher in trees without rubber bands when compared with trees with rubber bands. The chlorophyll content was 0.02 higher in trees with rubber bands but the difference was not significant. 5. In the pot test, no significance was found in comparison of root number, root length, and root dry weight in trees with and without rubber bands. These test results imply that removing rubber bands as a connector does not present any significant effects on the ground growth or root development of transplanted pine trees. As it is shown that surface touching rubber bands grow more roots in trees with rubber bands, more active related research must be undertaken.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.86-92
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• 1993

The variation of the esterase isozyme, germination rate, chemical composition and digestibility of field bean(G1ycine soja S. and Z.) were estimated. The results are as follows; 1. The banding patterns of the esterase isozyme in field bean were varied with the tissue and habitat. 2. The enzyme activity of the Est-I, Est-2, Est-3 and Est-4 in field bean showed a high value compared with the other enzyme. 3. The range of germination temperature in field bean was 10-40C and the optimum germination temperature was 25- 38^{\circ}C.$. 4. The crude protein(CP) contents was 19.9% in the whole plant, 27.8% in the leaf and 45.9% in the seed, the cellulose contents was 29.5% in the whole plant, 23.0% in the leaf and 13.8% in the seed, the neutral detergent fiber(NDF) was 62.6% in the whole plant, 47.9% in the leaf and 47.9% in the seed and the acid detergent fiber(ADF) was 44.5% in the whole plant, 28.4% in the leaf and 28.4% in the seed, respectively. 5. The digestibility of the field bean was 44.1% in the whole plant, 49.6% in the leaf and 75.1% in the seed, NDF was 26.2% in the whole plant 46.2% in the leaf, ADF was 29.0% in the whole plant, 47.7% in the leaf and 58.0% in the seed and Cellulose was 48.7% in the whole plant, 58.0% in the leaf and 70.2% in the seed, respectively. 6. Total digestible nutrients(TDN) of the field bean was 47.4% in the whole plant, 51.5% in the leaf and 70.2% in the seed, respectively. The digestible energy(DE) value was 2.1 kcal/g in the whole plant, 2.27 kcal/g in the leaf and 3.10 kcal/g in the seed and the metabolizable energy(ME) value was 1.72 kcal/g in the whole plant, 1.86 kcal/g in the leaf and 3.23 kcal/g in the seed, respectively.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.16
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• pp.7343-7350
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• 2015

Genetic changes associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) provide very important diagnostic and prognostic information with a direct impact on patient management. Detection of chromosome abnormalities by conventional cytogenetics combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) play a very significant role in assessing risk stratification. Identification of specific chromosome abnormalities has led to the recognition of genetic subgroups based on reciprocal translocations, deletions and modal number in B or T-cell ALL. In the last twelve years 102 newly diagnosed childhood/adult ALL bone marrow samples were analysed for chromosomal abnormalities with conventional G-banding, and FISH (selected cases) using specific probes in our hospital. G-banded karyotype analysis found clonal numerical and/or structural chromosomal aberrations in 74.2% of cases. Patients with pseudodiploidy represented the most frequent group (38.7%) followed by high hyperdiploidy group (12.9%), low hyperdiploidy group (9.7%), hypodiploidy (<46) group (9.7%) and high hypertriploidy group (3.2%). The highest observed numerical chromosomal alteration was high hyperdiploidy (12.9%) with abnormal karyotypes while abnormal 12p (7.5%) was the highest observed structural abnormality followed by t(12;21)(p13.3;q22) resulting in ETV6/RUNX1 fusion (5.4%) and t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2) resulting in BCR/ABL1 fusion (4.3%). Interestingly, we identified 16 cases with rare and complex structural aberrations. Application of the FISH technique produced major improvements in the sensitivity and accuracy of cytogenetic analysis with ALL patients. In conclusion it confirmed heterogeneity of ALL by identifying various recurrent chromosomal aberrations along with non-specific rearrangements and their association with specific immunophenotypes. This study pool is representative of paediatric/adult ALL patients in Oman.