• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2002년도 동계 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.432-437
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• 2002

기계시각을 이용한 포장 정보 수집에서는 태양광 조도변화의 큰 영향을 받는다. 본 연구 에서는 조도변화의 영향을 최소화하기 위해 다음과 같은 방법(1) 흑백 카메라를 사용하는 경우 지수는 Index=(equation omitted)로 선정한다. 여기서 A, B는 각각 목표판과 피사체의 Pixel값 (2) 칼라 카메라를 사용하는 경우 지수는 Index=(equation omitted) 선정한다. 여기서 $A_{\upsilon}$, $B_{\upsilon}$는 각각 목표판과 피사체의 $\upsilon$=(equation omitted) 값. 목표판을 피사체와 동시에 사용하여 같은 위치에서 영상을 촬영하였다. 촬영된 영상에서 목표판과 피사체의 pixel값 혹은 R, G, B값을 선정된 지수(Index)에 대입하여 조도의 영향을 최소화하였다.조도의 영향을 최소화하였다.조도의 영향을 최소화하였다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.207-214
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• 2007

Based on the profiles of cone index with depth, physical properties of hardpan in selected rice fields were measured and analyzed in the study. An error correction algorithm removing a random measurement error from raw CI profile data was introduced in the study. The properties of hardpan included the shape, the thickness and the rice root growing layer. The analysis of physical properties of hardpan in the rice fields showed that the type of hardpan could be classified into 6 categories. The thickness of hardpan ranged from 6 cm up to 41 cm and the average hardness of hardpan was analyzed to be from 1.1 MPa through 3.2 MPa in Cone index.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2007

This study was to investigate the effects of enslaving on finger-tip force of other fingers on finger pressing speed. We hypothesized that the effects depend on finger pressing speed, and the fingers proximity and are larger for fingers that are closer to each other. Six healthy, right-handed subjects(age: $27.1{\pm}4.3yr$, height: $175.4{\pm}7.2cm$, weight $71.3{\pm}5.8kg$) participated in the experiment. Each finger showed no significant on task finger speed. In the tasks with two neighboring fingers (e.g. middle and ring finger tasks), the index and middle fingers showed larger forces than the other neighboring fingers. During the index and little finger tasks, the enslaving force magnitude decreased with distance to the task finger (i.e. index finger enslaving force was the smallest during the little finger task).

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2015년도 학술발표회
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• pp.611-611
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• 2015

One of the hazard of nature is a drought. Its impact varies from region to region and it is difficult for people to understand and define due to differences in hydrometeorological and social economic aspects across much of the country. In the most general sense, drought originates from a deficiency of precipitation over an extended period of time, usually month, season or more, resulting in a water shortage for some activity, group, or environmental sector. Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) is well known and has been used to study aridity changes in modern and past climates. The PDSI index is estimated over US using USHCN historical data.(e.g. precipitation, temperature, latitude and soil moisture). In this study, low frequency drought variability associated with climate variability such as El-Nino and ENSO is mainly investigated. With respect to the multi-scale analysis, wavelet transform analysis is applied to the PDSI index in order to extract the low frequency band corresponding to 2-8 years. Finally, low frequency patterns associated with drought by comparing global wavelet power, with significance test are explored.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.41-59
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• 1991

This study was performed to elucidate the distribution and correlation of immunoglobulin G subclasses with the degree of inflammation in the experimentally induced rat pulp and periapical pathoses. The pulp exposures were made in 108 mandibular 1st molars of 54 rats and the teeth were left open to the oral environment The animals were sacrified at 3, 7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days after pulp exposure, and examined microscopically and radiographically Seventy one specimens were routinely sectioned at the thickness of 4 - $6{\mu}$ and stained with Hematoxylin - eosin for histologic examination, with toluidine blue for mast cells, and with the primary antibodies against rat IgG subclasses by using the Avidin - Biotin complex method. The following results were obtained: 1. As the degree of inflammation of rat pulp and periapeces intensified, the number of IgG subclass containing cells per unit area, especially IgG2a and IgG2c, decresased. 2. The IgG2c cells were most predominantly found in the lesions with slight inflammation, IgG1 cells in mild or severe inflammation, and IgG2a cells in moderate inflammation. 3. IgG subclass containg cells were more predominantly observed in the periapical granuloma than periapical abscess or cyst(p<0.01). 4. IgG2a containing cells were predominant in pulp inflammation, IgG1 containing cells in periapical granuloma, IgG2a cells and IgG1 cells in periapical abscess, and IgG2a cells were significantly predominant in periapical cyst. 5. The number of IgG subclass containing cells and mast cells in periapical tissue decreased with time lapse after pulp exposure. And correlation index between mast cells and IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b was stastically high.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.443-452
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• 2011

서울 지역에서 2007년부터 2009년까지 유통 중인 채소류에 대해 농약 잔류수준을 분석하여 검출빈도가 높은 농약을 대상으로 2008년도 국민건강영양조사 자료에서 서울시민의 채소섭취량을 산출하여 채소류 섭취에 따른 농약성분의 노출수준을 평가하였다. 1) 채소류 중 잔류농약 검출비율은 2007년 11.2%, 2008년 8.6%, 2009년 12.0%로 나타났으며, 잔류허용기준초과비율은 2007년 4.6%, 2008년 2.8%, 2009년 2.1%로 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 2) 서울시민과 서울시민을 제외한 한국인의 채소류 섭취량은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았으며, 일일 평균 섭취량이 각각 288.12 ${\pm}$ 214.8 g, 287.28 ${\pm}$ 231.6 g으로 비슷한 것으로 나타났다. 3) 농약이 검출된 37종의 채소류에 대해 서울시민의 채소류 섭취량을 산정한 결과, 일일 총 채소섭취량은 182.81 g이었고, 남자 191.84 g, 여자 175.99 g으로 남자의 섭취량이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 성인의 경우 일일 총 채소류 섭취량은 252.36 g이었으며 성인남자는 306.43 g, 성인여자는 219.78 g으로 성인남자가 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 4) 농약이 검출된 채소류 섭취에 따른 다종농약 성분에 대한 성인의 위해지수는 모두 1보다 작아 채소류 섭취에 기인한 다종 농약노출의 위해는 매우 낮은 수준이며, 위해지수는 2007년에 2.76E-02로 가장 높게 나타났고 2009년에는 1.69E-02로 감소하였다. 이는 채소류 중 잔류농약 허용기준초과율의 감소추세와 일치하였다. 본 연구는 채소류에만 국한된 연구이지만 잔류농약으로 인한 안전성을 확보하기 위해서는 지속적인 모니터링과 함께 신뢰성 있는 식이 섭취량 조사와 이에 따른 위해성 평가를 효과적으로 실시하여 과학적 근거를 축적하는 것이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.114-119
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• 2005

The study was carried out to develope quantitative analysis method of individual sugars in licorice extract. Individual sugars were analyzed by HPLC equipped with Refractive Index(RI) Detector. R values of sucrose and glucose were 1.0000 and R values of fructose and maltose were 0.9999. Standard calibration curve showed good linearity. Detection limit of sugars was in the range of 1.58 to 3.92 ${\mu}g$. Recovery rate of fructose, glucose, sucrose and maltose was $99.4\~102.2\%,\;92.3\~97.9\%,\;99.4\~102.0\%,\;91.1\~101.0$ respectively. Measure uncertainty was calculated to confirm trust and accuracy of analytical results. Main uncertainty factors were standard purity and HPLC replication injection. In $95\%$ trust level expanded uncertainty of sugars in licorice extract were fructose $1.98\pm0.047,\;glucose\;1.32\pm0.065,\;sucrose\;11.69\pm1.177,\;maltose\;1.06\pm0.042\;g/100\;g$.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제28권
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• pp.12.1-12.5
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• 2013

Objectives The role of genetic polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$) for lung cancer development was evaluated. Methods Genotypes of the TNF-${\alpha}$ polymorphisms, -1210C>T, -487A>G, -417A>G, IVS1+123G>A, and IVS3+51A>G, were determined in 616 lung cancer cases and 616 lung cancer-free controls. Results After adjusting for body mass index and smoking, each TNF-${\alpha}$ genotype or haplotype composed of five TNF-${\alpha}$ single nucleotide polymorphisms did not show an association with lung cancer risk (p>0.05). The statistical power was found to be 88.4%, 89.3%, 93.3%, 69.7%, and 93.9% for 1210C>T, -487A>G, -417A>G, IVS1+123G>A, and IVS3+51A>G, respectively. Furthermore, the effects of each SNP or haplotype on lung cancer risk were not found to be different according to the cell type of lung cancer (p>0.05). In the repeated analysis with only subjects without other diseases related to inflammation, there was also no association between polymorphisms or haplotypes of the TNF-${\alpha}$ gene and lung cancer risk (p>0.05). Conclusions This study found no association between common variants of the TNF-${\alpha}$ gene and lung cancer risk.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.1151-1157
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate the iron nutritional status and anemia of university female students. Seventy female subjects in Ulsan city were evaluated with questionnaire, measurement of hematological indices. The mean height and weight of 70 subjects were 160.76±0.48cm, 52.80±0.72kg and BMI(body mass index: kg/m2), %IBW(ideal body weight) were 21.0±0.29, 100.2±12.41. The mean values of hemoglobin(Hgb), hematocrit(Hct), serum iron(S Fe), serum ferritin(SF), TIBC(total iron binding capacity), transferrin saturation(TS(%)) and RBC were 12.7±11.10g/dl, 39.0± 2.61%, 96.9±41.98 g/dl, 28.9±24.78 g/dl, 369.6±54.36 g/dl, 27.1±12.40% and 4.4± 0.27(106/mm3), respectively. Iron deficiency anemia among the subjects was estimated as 15.7% by using Hgb(<12g/dl), 11.4% by Hct(<36%), 22.9% by S Fe(<60 g/dl), 34.3% by SF(<15 g/dl), 48.6% by TIBC(>360 g/dl) and 20.0% by TS(%)(<15%). 15 subjective symptoms were measured and the high prevalence symptoms were 'cold hands and feet' and 'tired out easily'. The correlation between hemotological indices and subjective symptoms was evaluated. The hemoglobin level was negatively correlated with 'cold hands and feet', 'short breath when climbing', 'fragile nail', 'inflammed inner mouth', 'pale face' and 'scaly tetter'.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.35-46
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• 2017

미연소탄소 함량이 높은 플라이애쉬(High carbon contents fly ash, HCFA)는 콘크리트 혼화재로의 사용이 부적합하여 대부분 매립되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 미연소탄소함량이 높은 플라이애쉬의 지반공학적 활용 방안을 모색하기 위하여 폴리프로필렌섬유(Polypropylene fiber, PP fiber)와 모래로 보강하여 일축압축시험과 벤더엘리먼트가 설치된 일차원 수정 압축실험을 진행하였다. 섬유의 보강효과로 섬유비가 증가함에 따라 일축압축강도(UCS), 일축압축강도시의 변형률과 동일 간극비 상에서의 최대전단탄성계수(Maximum Shear Modulus, $G_{max}$)가 증가하였다. 모래로 보강된 경우 혼합물의 UCS는 다소 증가하였으나 UCS 시의 변형률은 모래비의 영향을 받지 않았으며, 모래입자는 HCFA 입자간의 접촉을 방해하여 혼합물의 $G_{max}$를 감소시켰다. 그러나 20% 이상의 모래비에 대하여 동일 에너지로 다짐하였을 시, 조밀한 상태로 조성되며 그로 인한 보강 효과를 기대할 수 있었다. 섬유나 모래로 보강된 HCFA의 압축지수(Compression index, $C_c$)는 보강재의 종류와 관계없이 주로 초기 간극비에 의해 결정되었다.