• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.14-22
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• 2001

Off-line handwritten numeral recognition is a very difficult task and hard to achieve high recognition results using a single feature and a single classifier, since handwritten numerals contain many pattern variations which mostly depend upon individual writing styles. In this paper, we propose handwritten numeral recognition system using hybrid features and combined classifier. To improve recognition rate, we select mutually helpful features -directional features, crossing point feature and mesh features- and make throe new hybrid feature sets by using these features. These hybrid feature sets hold the local and global characteristics of input numeral images. And we implement combined classifier by combining three neural network classifiers to achieve high recognition rate, where fuzzy integral is used for multiple network fusion. In order to verify the performance of the proposed recognition system, experiments with the unconstrained handwritten numeral database of Concordia University, Canada were performed. As a result, our method has produced 97.85% of the recognition rate.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.43-54
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• 2003

E-Commerce, characterized by the exchange of message, occurs between individuals, organizations, or both. A critical promotion factor of e-Commerce is message authentication, the procedure that allows communicating parties to verify the received messages are authentic. It consists of message unforgery, message non-repudiation, message unalteration, and origin authentication. It is possible to perform message authentication by the use of public key encryption. PGP(Pretty Good Privacy) based on X.400 MHS(Message Handling System) and PKC(Public Key Cryptosystem) makes extensive use of message exchange. In this paper we propose, design and implement NMAP(New Message Authentication Protocol), an applied public information based encryption system to solve the message authentication problem inherent in public key encryption such as X.400 protocol and PGP protocol and were to cope with the verification of NMAP using fuzzy integral. This system is expected to be use in the promotion of the e-Commerce and can perform a non-interactive authentication service.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.105-120
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• 2007

The primary purpose of this study lies in developing an intelligence level measurement model which can be applied to information home appliances. To accomplish the study purpose, the literature on computer engineering and intelligence is comprehensively researched and critical elements necessary for measuring the intelligence of smart home appliances are extracted. Then an intelligence level measurement model is derived, and the model is validated by several academic and practical experts using Delphi technique. The measurement model developed in the study, on the one hand, can provide users with some objective standards to evaluate the intelligence level of smart home appliances. On the other hand, it can help home appliance product developers or related service providers decide the target intelligence level of the products or services more specifically. Consequently, the model can contribute to the revitalization of the smart home appliance industry as a whole.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.363-384
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• 2008

This study aims at improving Korea's competitiveness in port logistics through marketing strategy with integrating the conceptual approach into the empirical one and combining both the oldest military treatise and the newest evaluating model in social science that was applied by the HFP(hierarchical fuzzy process) model enhanced by the KJ method. The empirical results of this study show Busan in the middle among subject ports. At present, Korea plays a reciprocal role in the port market in East Asia, but in the medium- and long-term, Korea's ports will vie together with most major ports in the East Asian region. A descriptive investigation shows that Korea's developing tasks in port logistics must be considered in the context of the direction for developing port policies, the necessity of expanding port facilities in the capital region, securing the sufficient traffic volume through the establishment of the hinterland linking system and its positive utilization, and reforming the direction for developing the global logistics through increased port competitiveness. In the short- and medium-term, Korea must use the opportunity factor of 'Growth and open door policy of China' as a geoeconomic advantage and to utilize Korea's ports as a gate to Chinese foreign trade. With the rise of China's economy, China also plays a significant role in both port and airport markets. Hence, the linking system between the two must be established to meet the expanding traffic volume, especially in the capital area. Moreover, it is necessary for Korea to secure port logistics through the establishment of the hinterland linking system and its positive utilization. The great accomplishment of this paper is to present strategies to increase Korea's port competitiveness in the rapidly changing environments of world logistics with the focus on both the oldest military strategic treatise and the newest empirical method in social science. In order to reinforce this study, it needs further compensative research because the evaluation structure could be subdivided with more extensive and precise criteria.