• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.306-310
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• 2006

토양 미생물인 방선균의 배양액으로부터 그람양성균에 대해 항균활성을 가지는 항균성 물질을 탐색하였다. 2,500주의 방선균 배양액을 탐색하여 항균성 물질 생산균주 Streptomyces sp. G9l353을 분리하였고, 그로부터 생산된 항균성 물질인 A91353을 분리 정제하였다. A91353은 다양한 구조해석 연구에 의하여 N-acetyl-phenylalanine으로 동정되었으며 Sc. pyogenes 308A, Sc. pyogenes 77A 등과 같은 그람양성균에 대해 선택적이며, D-alanyl-D-alanine과 상호작용 하여 그람양성균의 세포벽 합성을 저해하는 것으로 사료된다. N-acetyl-phenylalanine의 최소생육저해 농도는 그람양성균에 대해서 $50{\mu}g/ml$ 이었으며, 그람음성균에 대한 활성은 나타나지 않았다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.133-143
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• 2018

Background: AD-2 (20(R)-dammarane-3b, 12b, 20, 25-tetrol; 25-OH-PPD) is a ginsenoside and isolated from Panax ginseng, showing anticancer activity against extensive human cancer cell lines. In this study, effects and mechanisms of 1C ((20R)-3b-O-(L-alanyl)-dammarane-12b, 20, 25-triol), a modified version of AD-2, were evaluated for its development as a novel anticancer drug. Methods: MTT assay was performed to evaluate cell cytotoxic activity. Cell cycle and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined using flow cytometry analysis. Western blotting was employed to analyze signaling pathways. Results: 1C concentration-dependently reduces prostate cancer cell viability without affecting normal human gastric epithelial cell line-1 viability. In LNCaP prostate cancer cells, 1C triggered apoptosis via Bcl-2 family-mediated mitochondria pathway, downregulated expression of mouse double minute 2, upregulated expression of p53 and stimulated ROS production. ROS scavenger, N-acetylcysteine, can attenuate 1C-induced apoptosis. 1C also inhibited the proliferation of LNCaP cells through inhibition on $Wnt/{\beta}-catenin$ signaling pathway. Conclusion: 1C shows obvious anticancer activity based on inducing cell apoptosis by Bcl-2 family-mediated mitochondria pathway and ROS production, inhibiting $Wnt/{\beta}-catenin$ signaling pathway. These findings demonstrate that 1C may provide leads as a potential agent for cancer therapy.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2002

This study was conducted to examine the effects of dietary sources of fatty acids and protein on serum protein profiles, hepatic functional enzyme activities, mammary tumor incidence and tumor weight in 7, 12-dimethylbenz($\alpha$)anthracene (DMBA)-treated rats. The sources of dietary fatty acids were 18n6 (rich in linoleic acid), 18n3 (rich in linolenic acid) and 22n3 (rich in DHA) : sources of dietary protein were casein (C) and soy protein isolate (S). mammary tumors (MTs) were chemically induced by DMBA (9 mg/100 g body weight) which was gastrically intubated at 7 weeks of age. Each experimental diet was given for the following 25 weeks. Casein-fed rats (group C) exhibited significantly higher levels of weight gain and FER (food efficiency ratio) than did group S. Group C showed higher levels of serum protein and globulin, and higher albumin/globulin (A/G) ratios than group S. Liver functional enzyme activities (GOT, GPT, ALP, LDH, $\gamma$-GT) and LDH/GOT ratios were not influenced by dietary protein. GPT activity was lower in the group given 18n3, and ALP activity was lower in the group given 18n6. The incidence and total number of MTs appeared to be lower in the group given 22n3 than in the group given 18n3 or 18n6, even though the average weight of MTs was highest in the group given 22n3, The average weight of MTs was higher in the C group than in the S group. MT incidence had a positive correlation with LDH activity and LDH/GOT ratio. The average weight of MTs had a negative correlation with serum albumin levels and A/G ratios, and a positive correlation with ALP activity. This research suggests that the measurement of serum protein profiles and liver functional enzyme activities may be utilized to monitor the development of mammary tumors.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2018

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) exercise on the range of motion (ROM), pain, and functional activity of patients who received total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of this study was to provide fundamental data regarding the use of PNF exercise among patients with musculoskeletal disease. Methods: Fourteen patients who received TKA were randomly divided into an experimental group (n=7) that took part in PNF exercise and a control group (n=7) that performed general rehabilitation exercise. Both groups performed the respective exercises for 30 minutes, five times a week for 2 weeks. For the measurement of ROM, the range of knee flexion was measured using a clinometer smartphone application. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used for the measurement of the level of pain. The timed up and go test (TUG) was conducted to measure functional activity. A paired t-test was performed to compare within-group changes before and after the PNF exercise. Differences between the experimental group and control group were analyzed by an independent t-test. For all tests, the level of statistical significance was set at ${\alpha}=0.05$. Results: After the exercise, there was a significant within-group change in VAS and TUG scores in the experimental group and control group (p<0.01). There was also a significant between-group difference in VAS and TUG scores after the intervention (p<0.05). Conclusion: General rehabilitation exercise is commonly applied as a treatment for TKA patients and is relatively effective. The application of PNF exercise may be useful in such patients, considering its effects on ROM improvement, pain reduction, and functional enhancement.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.209-216
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• 2013

수확시기에 따른 참외 부위별 항산화 활성과 기능성 성분의 변화를 측정하기 위해 본 연구를 실시하였다. 참외를 2년에 걸쳐 주요 수확시기(6월, 7월, 8월)별로 수확하여 껍질, 과육, 태좌 세 부분으로 나눈 다음 에탄올로 추출하여 항산화 활성 및 기능성 성분 함량을 측정하였다. 기능성 성분 함량을 측정한 결과 2008, 2009년 껍질, 과육, 태좌 모든 부위에서 총 페놀, 총 플라보노이드 함량이 6월에 수확한 경우 가장 높았고, 2008년 껍질을 제외한 나머지 부위에서는 7월에 수확한 참외에서 기능성분 함량이 가장 낮았다. ABTS와 FRAP를 이용한 항산화 실험 결과도 마찬가지로 6월에 수확한 참외의 모든 부위가 강한 항산화 활성을 보여주었고, 7월에는 활성이 급격히 떨어지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이상의 연구결과로 6월에 수확하는 참외가 기능성분 함량이 높고 품질이 좋은 건강 참외임을 알 수있었다. 수확시기에 따라 기능성 성분과 항산화 활성이 변화하는 연구결과는 제철 과일의 우수성을 보여주는 기초 자료로 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.956-963
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• 1997

To enhance application of FPC in food industry, salmon FPC hydrolysates were produced and their functional properties were investigated. Hydrolysates of salmon FPC showed high solubilities ranged from approximately $80\~95\%$. Emulsifying activity index (EAI) values of hydrolysates were higher than that of egg white, however sugar ester showed the highest EAI value of 32.5. Though sugar ester had the best emulsifying stability value $({\Delta}EAI)$ of 9.65, hydrolysates showed better ${\Delta}EAI$ value than that of egg white. Foam Activity of hydrolysates was predominantly better than those of controls and also foam stability value showed similiar trend. Osmolality of hydrolysates was increased with the increase of degree of hydrolysis (DH) and concentration of protein, but it showed very lower osmolality than that of NaCl. Flow property of hydrolysates showed different upward-downward curves, and hysteresis loop increased with the increase of DH. ACE inhibitory activity showed similiar value ranged from $21.1\~24\%$ at all DH values.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2011

Objectives : We studied the clinical utility of meridian electromyography for the assessment of erector spinae muscle in functional leg length inequality. Methods : We compared electrical activity between A group with a functional leg length inequality(n=17) and B group(n=23) in dynamic flexion-reextension state during five minutes. We anayzed amplitudes and areas of electrical activity and asymmetry index(AI). Results : 1. The short leg sides were significantly higher electrical activity than the long leg sides in the experimental group and control group(p<0.05). 2. The AI of A group significantly higher than B group(p<0.05). Conclusions : According to above results, there are correlations between erector spinae muscle and functional leg length inequality.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.23-35
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• 2021

Fear conditioning and extinction, which are adaptive processes to learn and avoid potential threats, have essential roles in the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders. Experimental fear conditioning and extinction have been used to identify the mechanism of fear and anxiety in humans. However, the brain-based mechanisms of fear conditioning and extinction are yet to be established. In the current review, we summarized the results of neuroimaging studies that examined the brain changes-functional activity and structures-regarding fear conditioning or extinction in healthy individuals. The functional activity of the amygdala, insula, anterior cingulate gyrus, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus changed dynamically with both fear conditioning and extinction. This review may provide an up-to-date summary that may broaden our understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of anxiety disorder. In addition, the brain regions that are involved in the fear conditioning and extinction may be considered as potential treatment targets in the future studies.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.435-443
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• 2010

Physicochemical and functional properties of collage from skate skin (Raja Kenojei) are examined depending on pH and NaCl concentration in the medium. The solubility decreased as NaCl concentration increased but, turbidity increased as concentration of collagen increased. Oil-holding capacity and water-holding capacity were similar to other fish skin collagens. Emulsion activity, creaming stability, and viscosity were lowest at where pH levels were isoelectric point regions of collagens. However, the higher pH values at 7.0-9.0 caused increasing foam expansion, foam viscosity, and gel strength. These results indicated that collagen from skate skin could be used as a functional ingredient for food and industrial applications.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.1113-1120
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• 2010

In this paper, we have proposed Architecture Development methodology which can connect both operational view and system view. The Functional Architecture can connect both user and developer, and it is located between Activity analysis and System analysis. We suggest the new architecture methodology using the Functional Architecture and it provides effect to analyze the connection between user(military) and developer(enterprise) in Defence R&D and the new Architecture with the feedback analyze activity on a point of system view and the new architecture make the functional architecture.