• 제목/요약/키워드: Functional Nutrient

검색결과 230건 처리시간 0.03초

식품 영양 연구, 정책, 산업의 기반이 되는 국가표준식품성분표의 활용 (National Standard Food Composition Tables Provide the Infrastructure for Food and Nutrition Research According to Policy and Industry)

  • 임성희;김정봉;조영숙;최용민;박홍주;김세나
    • 한국식품영양학회지
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    • 제26권4호
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    • pp.886-894
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    • 2013
  • The National Standard Food Composition Table published by the Rural Development Administration (RDA) provides the foundations in research, nutrition monitoring, policy and dietary practices in Korea. This databases consists of several sets of data including food descriptions, nutrients, portion weights, and source of data. The National Standard Food Composition Table have been published since 1970 and, recently, new version (8th edition) of Food Composition Table which has quantitative and qualitative nutrient data is released in 2011. In addition, the User-friendly Food Composition Table is divided into adult, children, and elderly categories depending on the subjects because we need different nutrients according to various ages. The Tables of Food Functional Composition is firstly edited in 2009. RDA published the minerals and fatty acids composition table, tables of amino acid, fat-soluble vitamin composition table, and the cholesterol table. The resulting database will be widely used. The users of the databases are from diverse fields, includeing federal agencies, the food industry, health professionals, restaurants, software application developers, academia and research organizations, international organizations, and foreign governments ect. Therefore, consistent improvements of the database is important, so that people can better address such health challenges by providing reliable and accurate data.

오리부산물과 한약재를 이용한 추출액의 영양성분 및 중금속 노출에 대한 피해 완화 효과 (1) 오리부산물과 한약재를 이용한 추출액의 영양학적 특성 (Nutritional Characteristics and Damage Mitigation Effects in Heavy-metals Exposure of Peking-Duck By-Product Extracts Added with Medicinal Herbs ( I ) Nutritional Profile of Peking-Duck Extracts Added with Medicinal Herbs)

  • 박성혜;박성진;임흥렬;한종현
    • 동아시아식생활학회지
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.176-184
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    • 2003
  • This experiment was planned to develop a functional supplements by food resources to prevent and lessen the bad effects caused by the environmental pollution such as bad food, air, water and heavy metals exposed to people these days. As for Its primary stage, the nutrient profile and sensory characteristics of the duck-extract were evaluated in this study. The duck-extract was formulated by the mixture of bone and internal organs of ducks and 6 medicinal herbs which were able to be used as foods and known to help the excretion and the repression of the poison inside the body for a long time. As we compared the six medicinal herbs mentioned above to the vegetable herbs, the nutrient profile of the medicinal herbs were superior to the vegetable herbs. The duck-extract was composed of protein 49.92%, carbohydrate 37.02%, dietary fiber 20.99%, lipid 7.60% and ash 5.46%. The ratio of Ca to P was 1 : 1.4, which was a suitable ratio for absorption, the contents of Na and K were low and those of micro-elements such as Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu high compared to other meat extracts. The essential amino acids accounted for 30.91% of total amino acids. The result of sensory evaluation was better in overall preferences than the ones which are already in the market. From these results, the nutrient profile of the duck-extract was estimated to be able to supply enough nutrients to the people whose nutritional balance was destroyed these days. This study also showed the effective way of using duck-extract and its application to the oriental medicine.

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발효유제품의 유단백질 기능성 연구 동향 (Functional Properties of Milk Protein in Fermented Milk Products)

  • 이원재
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.29-32
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    • 2007
  • An understanding functional properties and molecular interactions of milk proteins was critical to improve qualities of fermented dairy products including yogurts and cheeses. Extensive rearrangements of casein particles were important factors to enhance whey separation in yogurt gel network. The use of high hydrostatic pressure treated whey protein as an ingredient of low fat processed cheese food resulted in the production of low fat processed cheese food with acceptable firmness and enhanced meltabilities. Milk protein-based nano particles produced by self-association of proteins could be better nutrient delivery vehicle than micro particle since particle size reduction in nano particles could lead to increased residence time and surface area available in GI tract.

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Comparison of Mass and Nutrient Dynamics of Coarse Woody Debris between Quercus serrata and Q. variabilis Stands in Yangpyeong

  • Kim, RaeHyun;Son, Yowhan;Hwang, Jaehong
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.115-120
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    • 2004
  • Coarse woody debris (CWD, $\ge$ 5 cm in maximum diameter) is an important functional component, especially to nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. To compare mass and nutrient dynamics of CWD in natural oak forests, a two-year study was conducted at Quercus serrata and Q. variabilis stands in Yangpyeong, Kyonggi Province. Total CWD (snag, stump, log and large branch) and annual decomposition mass (Mg/ha) were 1.9 and 0.4 for the Q. serrata stand and 7.5 and 0.5 for the Q. variabilis stand, respectively. Snags covered 72% of total CWD mass for the Q. variabilis stand and 42% for the Q. serrata stand. Most of CWD was classified into decay class 1 for both stands. CWD N and P concentrations for the Q. variabilis stand significantly increased along decay class and sampling time, except for P concentration in 2002. There were no differences in CWD N concentration for the Q. serrata stand along decay class and sampling time. However, CWD P concentration decreased along sampling time. CWD N and P contents (kg/ha) ranged from 3.5∼4.7 and 0.8∼1.3 for the Q. serrata stand to 22.8∼23.6 and 3.7∼4.7 for the Q. variabilis stand. Nitrogen and P inputs (kg/ha/yr) into mineral soil through the CWD decomposition were 0.7 and 0.3 for the Q. serrata stand and 1.6 and 0.3 for the Q. variabilis stand, respectively. The number of CWD and decay rate were main factors influencing the difference in CWD mass and nutrient dynamics between both stands.

Characterization and functional inferences of a genome-wide DNA methylation profile in the loin (longissimus dorsi) muscle of swine

  • Kim, Woonsu;Park, Hyesun;Seo, Kang-Seok;Seo, Seongwon
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.3-12
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    • 2018
  • Objective: DNA methylation plays a major role in regulating the expression of genes related to traits of economic interest (e.g., weight gain) in livestock animals. This study characterized and investigated the functional inferences of genome-wide DNA methylome in the loin (longissimus dorsi) muscle (LDM) of swine. Methods: A total of 8.99 Gb methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequence data were obtained from LDM samples of eight Duroc pigs (four pairs of littermates). The reference pig genome was annotated with 78.5% of the raw reads. A total of 33,506 putative methylated regions (PMR) were identified from methylated regions that overlapped at least two samples. Results: Of these, only 3.1% were commonly observed in all eight samples. DNA methylation patterns between two littermates were as diverse as between unrelated individuals (p = 0.47), indicating that maternal genetic effects have little influence on the variation in DNA methylation of porcine LDM. The highest density of PMR was observed on chromosome 10. A major proportion (47.7%) of PMR was present in the repeat regions, followed by introns (21.5%). The highest conservation of PMR was found in CpG islands (12.1%). These results show an important role for DNA methylation in species- and tissue-specific regulation of gene expression. PMR were also significantly related to muscular cell development, cell-cell communication, cellular integrity and transport, and nutrient metabolism. Conclusion: This study indicated the biased distribution and functional role of DNA methylation in gene expression of porcine LDM. DNA methylation was related to cell development, cell-cell communication, cellular integrity and transport, and nutrient metabolism (e.g., insulin signaling pathways). Nutritional and environmental management may have a significant impact on the variation in DNA methylation of porcine LDM.

호박품종의 영양성분 조성 비교 (Comparison of nutritional compositions of five pumpkin cultivars)

  • 오지연;김소민;윤장언;김영섭;조영숙;최용민
    • 한국식품저장유통학회지
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    • 제21권6호
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    • pp.808-814
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    • 2014
  • 본 연구에서는 붉은보우짱, 미니홍, 미니골드, 보우짱단 호박, 한국산약호박 5품종의 영양성분을 비교 분석하여 호박의 이용 확대와 다양한 활용을 위한 기초 자료를 마련하고자 하였다. 품종별 영양성분 비교를 위해 일반성분 7종(탄수화물, 수분, 단백질, 지방, 회분, 에너지, 식이섬유), 무기질 5종(칼슘, 인, 철, 나트륨, 인), 비타민 6종(카로티노이드, 비타민 C, 티아민, 리보플라민, 나이아신, 엽산)이 각각 분석되었다. 영양성분 함량은 시료 100 g 기준으로 환산하였으며 품종별 영양소의 절대량 비교를 위해 건물 중(dry weight basis)과 습물 중(wet weight basis) 함량을 각각 환산하였다. 일반성분 분석결과 호박 5품종의 수분함량은 74~87%, 조단백은 1.6~3.2 g/100 g, 탄수화물은 10.1~20.7 g/100 g, 총 식이섬유는 2.0~3.4 g/100 g으로 각각 분석되었다. 호박의 무기질 함량은 칼륨이 가장 높았고 철이 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 호박은 카로티노이드 성분이 풍부한 것으로 알려져 있는데 카로티노이드 이성체(루테인, 제아크산틴, 베타크립토크산틴, 알파카로틴, 베타카로틴)를 각각 분석한 결과 총 카로티노이드 함량에 영향을 미치는 성분은 주로 루테인, 제아크산틴, 베타카로틴 성분으로 나타났다. 일반성분과 무기질에서는 품종 간 뚜렷한 함량 차이를 나타내지 않은 반면 카로티노이드의 경우 생물 100 g 당 $34{\sim}280{\mu}g$ 수준으로 품종에 따라 그 함량 차이가 크게 나타났으며 약호박에서 가장 높았고 미니골드에서 가장 낮은 수준을 나타냈다. 엽산의 함량은 습물 기준 100 g 당 $26{\sim}74{\mu}g$ 수준으로 분석되었는데 특히 약호박과 보우짱이 각각 74와 $40{\mu}g$ 으로 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 호박의 일반성분과 무기질의 성분 변이는 뚜렷하지 않지만 비타민 특히, 베타카로틴의 함량이 품종 간 차이가 특이적으로 큰 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 기능성 식품 소재연구, 호박품종 개량연구, 국가표준식품성분표 작성을 위한 기초 데이터베이스 연구에 활용 될 것으로 기대된다.

A Concentration-Function Basis for Ideal Vitamin C Intake

  • Kwon, Oran;Levine, Mark
    • Nutritional Sciences
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    • 제5권4호
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    • pp.211-220
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    • 2002
  • Vitamin C is an essential nutrient involved in many functions. Humans are unable to synthesize vitamin C de novo, because they lack the last enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway. Previous Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for vitamin C were based on prevention of deficiency with a margin of safety. However preventing deficiency may not be equivalent to ideal nutrient intake. Recommendation should be based on vitamin function in relation to concentration. For this goal, data set of the relationship between wide-range of vitamin C dose and resulting concentrations in plasma and tissues and characterization of functional outcomes in relation to these concentrations should be acquired. This article reviews the current knowledge in these areas and suggest how this knowledge may contribute toward establishing dietary guideline for ideal vitamin C intake.

Metagenomic Analysis of Chicken Gut Microbiota for Improving Metabolism and Health of Chickens - A Review

  • Choi, Ki Young;Lee, Tae Kwon;Sul, Woo Jun
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제28권9호
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    • pp.1217-1225
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    • 2015
  • Chicken is a major food source for humans, hence it is important to understand the mechanisms involved in nutrient absorption in chicken. In the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), the microbiota plays a central role in enhancing nutrient absorption and strengthening the immune system, thereby affecting both growth and health of chicken. There is little information on the diversity and functions of chicken GIT microbiota, its impact on the host, and the interactions between the microbiota and host. Here, we review the recent metagenomic strategies to analyze the chicken GIT microbiota composition and its functions related to improving metabolism and health. We summarize methodology of metagenomics in order to obtain bacterial taxonomy and functional inferences of the GIT microbiota and suggest a set of indicator genes for monitoring and manipulating the microbiota to promote host health in future.

EFFECT OF TIME DELAY IN AN AUTOTROPH-HERBIVORE SYSTEM WITH NUTRIENT CYCLING

  • Das, Kalyan;Sarkar, A.K.
    • Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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    • 제5권3호
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    • pp.597-606
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    • 1998
  • In the present study we consider a mathematical model of a non-interactive type autotroph-herbivore system in which the amount of autotroph biomass consumed by the herbivore is assumed to follow a Holling type II functional response. We have also incorpo-rated discrete time delays in the numerical response term to represent a delay due to gestation and in the recycling term which represent a delay due to gestation and in the recycling term which represents the time required for bacterial decomposition. We have derived con-dition for global asymptotic stability of the model in the absence of delays. Conditions for delay-induced asymptotic stability of the steady state are also derived. The length of the delay preserving stability has been estimated and interpreted ecologically.

A Concentration-function Basis for Ideal Vitamin C Intake

  • Kwon, Oran;Levine, Mark
    • 한국영양학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국영양학회 2002년도 추계 심포지움초록
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    • pp.1157-1168
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    • 2002
  • Vitamin C is an essential nutrient involved in many functions. Humans are unable to synthesize vitamin C de novo, because they lack the last enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway. Previous Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for vitamin C were based on prevention of deficiency with a margin of safety. However preventing deficiency may not be equivalent to ideal nutrient intake. Recommendation should be based on vitamin function in relation to concentration. For this goal, data set of the relationship between wide-range of vitamin C dose and resulting concentrations in plasma and tissues and characterization of functional outcomes in relation to these concentrations should be acquired. This article reviews the current knowledge in these areas and suggest how this knowledge may contribute toward establishing dietary guideline for ideal vitamin C intake.

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