• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.53-69
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• 2018

In recent years, digital media providing entertainment and information have become an important channel of customer experience. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of digital signage's characteristics on flow and brand attitudes and to verify the mediating role of pleasure in digital signage and flow. The stimuli were developed for a sports brand stores using 3D and video editing software. The survey was conducted on 544 subjects from both gender aged 20 to 49 years old, i.e. the population that constitutes the major target group for sports brands. The data collected was analyzed using IBM SPSS 24.0. Specifically, frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, t-test, and regression analysis were performed on the data. Based on the results, we can draw the following conclusions; First, the dimension of digital signage was classified into aesthetic and functional attributes. Additionally, we found out that women highly value aesthetic attributes of digital signage while the customers in their 40s pay more attention to functional attributes than their counterparts aged 20-30 years. Second, our results suggest that pleasure has a mediating effect in the relationship between digital signage attributes and flow; specifically, both sub-dimensions of digital signage features (aesthetic attributes and functional attributes) affect flow by means of pleasure. Third, our results demonstrated that the flow of digital signage had a significant impact on brand attitudes.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.215-224
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• 2020

The vinegar can be used not only as functional foods but as the new high-quality materials. Lifestyles have changed a lot because of single-person households, women's economic activities, the aging society, the diversification of mass media, and the traveling abroad. Lifestyle diseases have increased with the life extension. The preference for the fermented vinegar, which is safer and healthier than the synthetic vinegar, has increased since the 1990s. The market of the functional fermented vinegars rapidly grew as researches and product developments on biological activities. In particular, the fermented vinegar, which can be enhanced in functionality depending on the characteristic of materials, is useful not only in the food industry but in various industries such as medical, defense, and construction. For the steady growth of the vinegar industry in the future, it is necessary to research and develop the function of the vinegar that can be utilized in various industries.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.27-30
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• 2011

A sub-cooled liquid nitrogen cooling system is known as a most promising method to develop large scale superconducting apparatuses such as superconducting fault current limiters and superconducting cables [1]. Gaseous helium (GHe), gaseous nitrogen ($GN_2$) and sulfur hexafluoride ($SF_6$) are commonly used for designing an high voltage applied superconducting device as an injection gaseous medium [2, 3]. In this paper, the analysis on the dielectric characteristics of GHe, $GN_2$ and $SF_6$ are conducted by designing and manufacturing sphere-to-plane electrode systems. The AC withstand voltage experiments on the various gaseous insulation media are carried out and the results are analyzed by using finite element method (FEM) considering field utilization factors (${\xi}$). It is found that the electric field intensity at sparkover ($E_{MAX}$) of insulation media exponentially decreases according to ${\xi}$ increases. Also, the empirical expressions of the functional relations between $E_{MAX}$ and ${\xi}$ of insulation media are deduced by dielectric experiments and computational analyses. It is expected that the electrical insulation design of applied superconducting devices could be performed by using the deduced empirical formulae without dielectric experiments.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.121-128
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• 2002

It makes an appearance that multi-media of Avatar, Cyber-Character, Cyber-Pet, Emoticon caused by Web-Environment advancement. Internet-User was fascinated by anonymous name of Web in the past but a desire goes on increasing to express oneself using the multi-media characters. Therefore, this study investigates that the feature of avatar character different from the general characters as making a survey of preference of avatar characters type in the various multi-media characters and presenting an efficient method at the making avatar characters. Consequently, the most efficient avatar characters type have to be concerned about functional factors rather than feature, feeling. exactly, it must be make conspicuous to personality of user and must make suitableness type of personality.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.147-175
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• 2018

Under authoritarian regimes, citizen-led NGOs such as environmental NGOs (ENGOs) often operate under close scrutiny of the government. While this presents a challenge to a single ENGO, we propose here - in line with existing research on network effects - that there are opportunities for multiple ENGOs to coordinate and thus work in ways that supersede government controls, affect public opinion, and contribute to policy revision and/or creation. In this paper, we specifically examine the possibility that the gamut of citizen-based ENGOs in China are coordinating. Based on network analysis of ENGOs web pages as well as interviews with more than a dozen ENGO leaders between 2014 and 2016, we find that ENGOs have few direct and public connections to each other, but social media sites and personal connections offline provide a crucial function in creating bridges. A closer examination of these bridges reveals, however, that they can be substantive to the environmental discussion or functional to the dissemination of web page information but typically not both. In short, ENGOs in China are not directly connected but rather are connected in a way that responds to the available social media and the government's censorship practices.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.133-138
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• 2012

Polyvinyl alcohol/alginate hydrogel beads containing Mg-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH-PVA/alginate beads) were synthesized for phosphate removal. Results showed that blending PVA with the LDH-alginate beads significantly improved their stability in a phosphate solution. The kinetic reaction in LDH-PVA/alginate beads reached equilibrium at 12 hr-post reaction with 99.2% removal. The amount of phosphate removed at equilibrium ($q_e$) was determined to be 0.389 mgP/g. The equilibrium data were described well by the Freundlich isotherm with the distribution coefficient ($K_F$, 0.638) and the constant (n, 0.396). Phosphate removal in LDH-PVA/alginate beads was not sensitive to solution pH. Also, the removal capacity of LDH-PVA/alginate beads ($q_e$, 1.543 mgP/g) was two orders of magnitude greater than that of PVA/alginate beads ($q_e$, 0.016 mgP/g) in column experiments. This study demonstrates that LDH-PVA/alginate beads with a higher chemical stability against phosphate compared to LDH-alginate beads have the potential for phosphate removal as adsorptive media.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.52 no.8
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• pp.41-54
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• 2002

This study discusses the beauty of the ideal body shown by fashion communication media, and explains how aesthetic aspects of, the body are being expressed in contemporary fashion. The beauty of the body may be considered as the beauty of sexual, controllable or consumable object. First. the most vigorously discussed point about the body is its sexual aspect, the most outstanding of which is the voluptuous and the androgynous beauty in contemporary fashion. Second, the body is an object which has been oppressed or controlled under the name of history. morality. and rationality. The things making us regard the body itself as an aesthetic object may be considered as dynamic and functional beauty Third, the sexual instinct and the body are fetishized as consumer goods, and women's bodies are presented as comsumer objects whose most parts could be restored to exchangeable value. The consumable beauty presented in contemporary fashion is the conspicuous beauty and the decadent beauty. So far, the various aspects of the beautiful body has been considered, based on the beauty of the ideal body shown by the fashion communication media. Man exists through on his body. but it is the embodied and formed body that serves as a means to manifest his social status and cultural ties. A natural body is reformed as a cultural phenomenon in various artificial ways. Popular culture has transmitted a series of new body image by creating and reproducing symbols and images, and has made the ideal body. Now there is not only one standard for the ideal beauty in our society. The standard of the beauty has changed continuously. There has been an aesthetic sense which can represent the times during the process of those changes. The various communication media have played a role of mirror reflecting those changes. The ideal body in contemporary times is no more an abstract media to express classical beauty, but an object directly affecting us, who are living in the crisis of subjectivity and identity.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.125-134
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• 2013

Various antimicrobial technologies have been developed to inactivate bioaerosols in indoor environments. In this study, air filter media were treated with a natural antibacterial agent of Sophora flavescens in order to inactivate the bacteria collected on the air filter. Three treatment methods were applied to manufacture the test antibacterial air filter media: electrospray, nebulization and dip-coating methods. In case of electrospray and nebulization processes, the size distribution of aerosolized natural antibacterial agent was measured using a scanning mobility particle sizer. Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria were aerosolized to test inactivation of the filter media treated with a natural antibacterial agent. The pressure drop and the antibacterial efficiency of the filter media increased with increasing the mass loading of natural antibacterial agent in each treatment method. The antibacterial efficiency per loaded antibacterial agent mass by the electrospray method was the highest and the filter treated by the dip-coating method was the lowest among three treatment methods.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.9 no.4 s.25
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• pp.345-356
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• 2004

In this paper, we present a design and implementation of a personalized broadcasting system using TV-Anytime metadata for providing personalized services. The TV-Anytime specifies metadata schema, metadata coding and delivery, and provides service models to provide personalized broadcasting content services at anytime when users want to consume using metadata, which includes ECG (Electronic Content Guide) and content descriptive information in a PDR (Personal Digital Recorder)-centric environment. The proposed personalized broadcasting system consists of a server that provides metadata binary-coding, encapsulation and multiplexing, and a client terminal that takes charge of de-multiplexing, metadata decoding, and metadata processing for personalized content accessing and consumption. This paper presents the details of the design of each functional module, and the evaluation results with a set of service scenarios in an end-to-end broadcasting test-bed.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.193-202
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• 2010

We investigate the estimation of the moisture transfer coefficients in porous media by optimization technique which minimizes the functional defined by the squares error of the numerical solution of an inverse diffusion problem from their experimental values of the moisture content at the some time-steps. In this paper, we solve a diffusion equation numerically by the control volume finite element methods.