• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제7권8호
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• pp.182-190
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• 2007

가상세계란 전자적 커뮤니케이션에 의해 네트워크화된 3차원 컴퓨터 그래픽 기반의 인터랙티브 환경을 말한다. 오늘날 구현된 가상세계는 기존의 매체에서는 볼 수 없었던 장시간의 몰입을 가능하게 했고, 현실의 노동에 필적할 만큼 힘들고 지루한 장시간의 플레이는 일과 놀이의 경계를 무화시키며 재미노동의 개념을 탄생시켰다. 이러한 재미노동을 '노동을 자연에 가함으로써 자연이 부여한 물리적 한계를 극복하고 자연을 자신에게 더 고유한 존재로 만드는' 인간의 본질로서의 노동으로 긍정한다면, 정보사회에서의 구조적 실업 문제를 해결할 수 있는 획기적인 거대 서비스 분야 중 하나라고 조심스럽게 가정할 수 있다. 또한 재미노동은 돈과 시간과 관심을 지불한 만큼 의미 있는 경험을 하기 원하는 사용자들의 지각 능력과 행위주체성에 부합하는 새로운 형태의 노동일 수 있다. 이러한 현상은 다양한 가상세계를 편력하는 사이버 산책자로서 정의되었던 기존의 사용자 정체성 개념에 반론을 제기하면서, 가상세계의 사용자들은 오히려 하나의 가상세계에 오래 머물며 지속적이고 발전적으로 재미노동을 행하는 존재, 즉 주민의 정체성을 형성하고 있음을 나타낸다. 이렇게 가상세계의 사용자들이 주민성을 형성함에 따라 단체 행동권과 시민참여의 새로운 양식이 확산되어 가고 있으며, 이러한 현상이 사회적으로 미치는 영향을 관찰하는 일이 매우 중요해질 것이다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.962-966
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• 2020

Monitoring the mutation dynamics of human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is critical in understanding its infectivity, virulence and pathogenicity for development of a vaccine. In an "age of mobility," the pandemic highlights the importance and vulnerability of regionalization and labor market interdependence in Southeast Asia. We intend to characterize the genetic variability of viral populations within the region to provide preliminary information for regional surveillance in the future. By analyzing 142 complete genomes from South East Asian (SEA) countries, we identified three central variants distinguished by nucleotide and amino acid changes.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2011

타워 디펜스 게임에서 레벨 디자인은 게임의 재미에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 요소이다. 각 레벨의 난이도는 레벨 내에 등장하는 공격대의 조합에 따라 결정된다. 게임 기획 단계에서 게임의 재미를 주면서도 적절한 난이도를 갖춘 공격대를 구성하기 위하여 많은 시간이 소모된다. 본 논문에서는 유전자 알고리즘을 사용하여 타워 디펜스 게임에서 공격대 조합을 자동으로 생성하는 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템을 통해 레벨 디자이너는 난이도 목표치의 입력만으로도 다양한 공격대 유닛 조합을 자동으로 생성할 수 있게 된다. 이는 게임 기획 단계에서 원하는 공격대 조합을 생성하는데 필요한 수작업 시간을 단축시킴으로서 업무 효율을 높일 수 있을 것이다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.95-112
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• 1999

The objectives of this study were to develop the therapeutic recreation programs for relieving depressive symptoms of the elderly and to verify the effect on their psychological condition. The key elements of these programs, which consisted of 9 sessions. were aerobic exercises, group dynamics. and making fun. These programs were developed through a multidisciplinary approach with social workers and the faculties of preventive medicine. The social workers gave these programs to fifteen elderly people at the community center, so called noinjung, for 9 weeks. Before intervention of this program for the experimental group, the baseline was measured by GDS(geriatric depression scale). After intervention for 9 weeks, GDS as an outcome was measured to evaluate the effects of the program. This data was analyzed by $X^2$-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. and the results were as follows: 1. Based upon the cutting point(GDS = 5) which could distinguish between depression group and normal group, the number for the normal group increased, while the number for the depression group decreased slightly after intervention with the therapeutic recreation programs, however, there was no significant change(p〉0.05). 2. The score of GDS decreased significantly after intervention with the therapeutic recreation programs(p〈0.05). 3. The scores of GDS decreased in widow(or) group and in female group compared to those of the married group and the male group, respectively(p〈0. 05). 4. The score of GDS increased in groups with similar labor and emotional support compared to those of groups with sufficient or less support, respectively(p〈0.05), These findings indicate that the therapeutic recreation programs might be effective for relieving depressive symptoms of the elderly. It is, therefore, suggested that this program be modified and standardized through review of the intervening process, experimental results, and responses of clients for appling in other noinjungs.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.66-83
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• 2002

The economic feasibility analysis including benefit-cost ratio and internal rate of return of a land consolidation and on-farm development project was mainly depended upon the direct benefits and costs arising during project life. Therefore the projects were neglected in allocating the government's financial funds and loans on account of the low economic rate of return of the project. Accordingly the extended benefit-cost analysis method should be introduced and adapted to cover not only the benefit s such as non-market values of environmental and food security fun ct ions of the project but also market values of the project outputs. The main purposes of this study are (1) to prepare a guide line for economic feasibility analysis based on the IBRD and ADB guidelines, (2) to estimate the benefits from productivity increase, labor saving, savings of O&M cost of farm mechanization and project facilities, savings of farmer's burden for their public health, increasing environmental and public functional value of paddy fields, improving food security condition and formation of peaceful and uncontroversial rural society by implementing the land consolidation and on-farm development, (3) to introduce the newly adapted analytical method as the extended benefit cost analysis which could make possible to be included the values of non-market goods such as the food security and the environmental public function of paddy fields. To carry out this study, the existing publications on the guidelines for economic agricultural projects were reviewed and consultation was made with a For the post evaluation study of the land consolidation and on-farm development project, field survey in Jigok and other comparative area were made to get available information. According to the project completion report, Jigok land consolidation and on-farm development project has 55ha of benefit area out of 69ha of gross area. The project was started in November 11th, 2000 and completed october 30th, 2001. The total project costs were amounted to 2,548 million won and the annual project benefits were estimated at 335million won evaluated by domestic market prices. The ERR(Economic Rate of Return) and SRR(Social Rate of Return) of the project based on the shadow pricing system were estimated at 4.4% and 16% respectively. On the other hand, the ERR and SRR based on the domestic market value system were amounted to 6.37% and 14.62%. In conclusion, Korean land consolidation and on-farm development projects have not carried out from the view point of economic rate of return under shadow pricing system but from the view point of domestic pricing system. For the future feasibility studies on land consolidation projects have to be carried out including the non-market values as environmental and food security function of the projects.