• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.307-315
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 고가의 실리카퓸의 대체 재료로서 메타카올린을 사용할 목적으로 광물질 혼화재와 혼합사용한 고강도콘크리트의 특성을 검토하였다. OPC 100%와 고로슬래그시멘트, 그리고 OPC와 플라이애쉬 20% 사용한 배합을 기준배합으로 하였으며, 각각의 배합에 실리카퓸과 메타카올린을 20% 범위 내에서 혼합하여 대체하였다. 실험 결과, 목표 유동성을 만족한 기준 배합에 대하여 실리카퓸만 대체하였을 경우에는 점성이 저하되었으며, 슬럼프플로우는 감소하였고, 공기량은 증가하였다. 이에 비하여 메타카올린의 사용량이 증가할수록 콘크리트의 점성이 증가되면서 슬럼프 플로우는 증가하였고, 공기량은 감소, 그리고 고성능감수제 사용량도 감소하였다. 경화 콘크리트의 특성은 압축강도와 초음파 속도, 그리고 단위용적질량이 메타카올린 사용량에 따라 증가하였는데, 이러한 원인은 굳지 않은 콘크리트의 공기량에 영향을 받는 것으로 판단되어 고강도콘크리트는 공기량을 조절하는 것이 중요한 항목으로 나타났다. 따라서 고강도콘크리트용 혼화재로서 실리카퓸의 대체 재료로서 메타카올린의 활용이 가능할 것으로 전망되며, 혼합 사용하는 경우에는 유동성과 강도 특성을 고려하여 실리카퓸과 메타카올린은 각각 10% 정도가 적정 사용량인 것으로 판단된다.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.145-157
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• 2018

This paper presents a review on the use of Silica Fume (SF) as a mineral admixture in the concrete. Distinctive outcome from several researches have been demonstrated here, particularly emphasizing on the fresh and hardened properties of concrete when blended with Silica Fume (Micro-silica or Nano-silica). The results showed a substantial enhancement in the mechanical properties of concrete when replaced with SF. The review also presented a brief idea of percentage replacement of SF in case of normal and high-strength concrete. A decreasing trend in workability (slump value) has been identified when there is a increase in percentage replacement of SF. It can be concluded that the optimize percentage of replacement with SF lies in the range of 8-10% particularly for compressive strength. However the variation of blending goes up to 12-15% in case of split tensile and flexure strength of concrete. The study also demonstrates the effect of silica fume on durability parameters like water absorption, permeability, sulphate attack and chloride attack.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.175-191
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• 2014

In recent years, the emergence of nanotechnology and nanomaterial has created hopes to improve various properties of concrete. Nano silica as one of these materials has been introduced as a cement replacement material for concrete mixture in construction applications. It can modify the properties of concrete, due to high pozzolanic reactions and also making a denser microstructure. On the other hand, it is well recognized that the use of mineral admixtures such as silica fume affects the mechanical properties and durability of cementitious materials. In addition, the superior performance of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) and self-consolidating mortars (SCM) over conventional concrete is generally related to their ingredients. This study investigates the effect of nano silica and silica fume on the compressive strength and chloride permeability of self-consolidating mortars. Tests include compressive strength, rapid chloride permeability test, water permeability, capillary water absorption, and surface electrical resistance, which carried out on twenty mortar mixtures containing zero to 6 percent of nano silica and silica fume. Results show that SCMs incorporating nano silica had higher compressive strength at various ages. In addition, results show that nano silica has enhanced the durability SCMs and reduced the chloride permeability.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.297-309
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of silica fume (SF) on the hydration heat and compressive strength of concrete. Portland cement with w/(c+sf) ratios varying between 0.25 to 0.45 was substituted by 10%, 20% and 30% of SF by mass. A superplasticizer was used to maintain a fluid consistency of the concrete. The heat of hydration was monitored continuously by a semi-adiabatic calorimetric method for 10 days at $20^{\circ}C$. Compressive strengths are tested for each mixture until age of 180 days. The results show that silica fume considerably influences the evolution and the ultimate values of the compressive strengths as well as the hydration heat especially for 10% rate. The w/b ratio has a considerable effect where its decrease modifies compressive strength and hydration heat more than silica fume. The correlation of the obtained results allows deducing of ultimate properties as well as the ages to reach half of their values. The correlation coefficients are close to unity and reflect the judicious choice of these relationships to be used to predict compressive strength and hydration heat.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2004

Respiratory effects in full time welders include bronchitis, airway irritation, lung function changes, and lung fibrosis. Welder's pneumoconiosis has been generally determined to be benign and not associated with respiratory symptoms based on the absence of pulmonary function abnormalities in welders with marked radiographic abnormalities. Accordingly, to investigate pulmonary function changes during 60 days induced by welding-fume exposure, male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to manual metal arc-stainless steel (MMA-SS) welding fumes with concentrations of 64.8$\pm$0.9 mg/$m^3$ (low dose) and 107.8 $\pm$ 2.6 mg/$m^3$ (high dose) total suspended particulates for 2 hr/day, 5 days/week in an inhalation chamber for 60 days. Pulmonary function was measured every week with whole body plethysmograph compensated (WBP Comp, SFT38116, Buxco Electronics, Sharon, CT). The rats exposed to the high dose of welding fumes exhibited statistically significant (p<0.05~0.01) body weight decrease as compared to the control whereas cell number increase of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) (total cell, macrophage, polymorphonuclear cell and lymphocyte) during the 60 days exposure period. And only tidal volume was significantly decreased in dosedependantly during 60 days of MMA-SS welding fume exposure. This pulmonary function change with inflammatory cell recruitment confirms the lung injury caused by the MMA-SS welding fume exposure.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.60-65
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• 2010

This paper is concerned with effects of Al, Mn and Si contents on spatter, fume, microstructure and mechanical property with 490MPa Grade Flux Core Wire(FCW). Ten kinds of FCW were fabricated by varying Mn, Si and Al contents and each FCW was weld for check the amount of spatter and fume generations, microstructures and mechanical property. Amount of spatter and fume generations was decreased with the increasing Si contents and decreasing by Al contents in FCW. And, their microstructure of weld metal were changed by Mn, Al and Si contents in FCW. With increasing of Al and Si, acicular ferrite was fine and volume fraction of acicula ferrite was increased. Thereby leading to improvement of Charpy impact property and strength.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2018

This paper presents an experimental work for short circular steel tube columns filled with normal concrete (NAC), recycled aggregate concrete (RAC), and RAC with silica fume and steel fiber. Ten specimens were tested under axial compression to research the effect of silica fume and steel fiber volume percentage on the behavior of recycled aggregate concrete-filled steel tube columns (RACFST). The failure modes, ultimate loads and axial load- strain relationships are presented. The test results indicate that silica fume and steel fiber would not change the failure mode of the RACFST column, but can increase the mechanical performances of the RACFST column because of the filling effect and pozzolanic action of silica fume and the confinement effect of steel fiber. The ultimate load, ductility and energy dissipation capacity of RACFST columns can exceed that of corresponding natural aggregate concrete-filled steel tube (NACFST) column. Design formulas EC4 for the load capacity NACFST and RACFST columns are proposed, and the predictions agree well with the experimental results from this study.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2012

콘크리트 구조물 형식의 다양화에 따라 요구되는 콘크리트의 품질 또한 고성능화가 필수적으로 되고 있다. 콘크리트의 고성능화는 혼화재료의 사용을 통하여 도달되고 있는데 일반적으로 고강도 콘크리트를 제작하기 위해서는 실리카 흄을 사용하고 있다. 실리카 흄은 역학적 성능은 우수하나 경제적 이지 못해 최근 이의 대체재로서 메타카올린의 연구가 많이 진행되고 있다. 본 연구는 실리카 흄의 대체재로 메타카올린을 사용하였으며 이에 따른 유동성의 저하를 방지하기 위해 이산화규소를 사용한 콘크리트를 제작하여 각 종 역학적 특성을 검토하였다.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.423-436
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• 2017

Today, pozzolans are widely used in construction for various reasons such as technical and economic efficiency. In this research, in order to evaluate some of important properties of concrete, silica fume and fly ash have been used as a replacement for cement in different mass percentages. Concrete mixtures were made from a water-cement ratio of (0.45) and cured under similar conditions. The main focus of this study was to evaluate the permeability and mechanical properties of concrete made from binary and ternary cementitious mixtures of fly ash and silica fume. In this study permeability of concrete was studied by evaluating the sorptivity, water absorption, water penetration depth, electrical resistivity and rapid chloride permeability (RCP) tests. Mechanical properties of concrete were evaluated with compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and modulus of elasticity. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the effects of silica fume and fly ash on the pore structure and morphology of concrete with cement based matrix. The results indicated that the incorporation of silica fume and fly ash increased the mechanical strength and improved the permeability of concrete.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2022년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.159-160
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the adhesion in flexure depending on the cement type, polymer type, polymer-cement ratio, and silica fume ratio of the polymer-cement composites(PCCs) for crack repair in RC structures to induce optimal mix proportions. The adhesion in flexure of PCCs for crack repair of RC structure has a significant effect on the polymer type and polymer-cement ratio, and the adhesion in flexure is generally improved with mixing of silica fume as a mixture. The adhesion in flexure according to the type of polymer is slightly higher in the order of SAE, EVA, and SBR, and it is relatively high at the polymer-cement ratio of 60% or 80%. In addition, the adhesion in flexure of PCCs with silica fume ratio of 10% or 20% to the cement weight is higher than that without silica fume. In order to improve the adhesion in flexure of PCCs for repairing cracks in RC structures, the optimal mix design is to properly adjust the cement type, polymer type, polymer-cement ratio, and silica fume ratio.